US787057A

US787057A - Wireless-telegraph transmitter.

Info

Publication number: US787057A
Application number: US21859604A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry Shoemaker
Original assignee: INTERNAT TELEGRAPH CONSTRUCTION Co
Current assignee: INTERNATIONAL TELEGRAPH CONSTRUCTION Co; INTERNAT TELEGRAPH CONSTRUCTION Co
Priority date: 1904-07-29
Filing date: 1904-07-29
Publication date: 1905-04-11
Anticipated expiration: 1922-04-11

Description

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PATENT OFFTCE.

HARRY SHOEBLLXKER, OF J ERSEY (.ll'llY, NElV JERSEY, ASbIG` NOR TO INTERNATIONAL rlELEGRAPll CONSTRUU ION C(.)T\IPANY, OF N EW YORK,

N. Y., A OORPORAHON OF NEr YORK.

WlRELESS-TELEGRAFH TRANSMITTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 787,057, dated April 11, 1905.

Application tiled July 29,1904. Serial No. 218,596.

be it known that l, Hanni' Suorm.\klu:, a citizen ot the United States, residing' at Jersey (lity, in the county ot' lludson and State ot' New Jersey, have invented a new and usetul \l'ireless-'l`eleg'raph rTransmitter, ot which thi` following' is a specilication.

My invention relates to apparatus t'or use in wireless telegraphy, more especially those systems in which the signalsl are represented during' the transmission by electroradiant energy.

More particularly, my invention consists ot' transmitting' apparatus so disposed and a1'- ranged that it is easily portable, compact, and

capable ot being' quickly set up and adjusted.

)ly invention consists also ot' the parts ot an (.)scillating'circuit so combined as to occupy minimum space and be easily portable and adjtlstablt.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying' drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical elevational view, partly in section, ot' my apparatus. Fig'. 2 is adiag'rammatic view otl the circuit arrangement. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the inductance and spark-gap chamber'. Eig. i is an enlarged view ot' the connection toa sparlv g'ap terminal. Fig'. 5 is a top plan view otl the Leyden jars. Fig'. 6 shows the clip for engaging' the inductance.

Referring' lirst to Fig. Q, G represents a source ot alternating currents or other suitable electrical energy. l? is the primary ot' a transformer or induction-coil included in the circuit ol` ii, and l( is an operators key for controlling' said circuit. S is the secondary of the transformer, whose terminals are bridged by the two groups ot' Leyden jars J J, these groups being' connected in series with each other and each g'roup consisting' ot' a plurality ot' jars connected in parallel with each other. E is the earth connection made at a point common to the two groups ol jars. L is an inductance, whose one terminal is in electrical communication with the spark-gap terminal f and whose other terminal connects by conductors c with one terminal ot' the group l ot' jars J. is the other spark-gapterminal, which is in electrical communication with a terminal ol theI group ot' jars J. A is the usual aerial conductor ot' a wireless-telegraph system. 'lhe inductance L forms with the groups ot'jars J J, along' with the spark-gap terminals an oscillating circuit whose period is extremelyhig'h Vfas, tor example, from one hundred thousand to several millions per second. Upon depressing the key l( there are radiated fromA trains ot' electromagnetic waves, the Vfrequency ol' the waves being' as aforesaid. 'l`he earth connection E may, however, be made to the terminal u, if desired, as in my prior patent, No. T-1,90%.

Referring to Eig. l, 1 is the bottom ot' a rack, made otl wood or other insulating material, having the side portions 2 and the top 3. On the upper side otI the bottom board l is a piece ot' sheet-copper or other metal i. Upon the sheet 4f rest the Leyden jars 5, with the result that the outer coatings ot' all the jars are in electrical contact with each other. l prefer to employ twelve jars arranged in two groups J J, six jars in a group, all the jars in each group being' connected in parallel with eachother. (5 is a disk of metal having' radiating therefrom the copper rods 7, a rod T extending over the mouth ot' each jarot' the g'roup J. (SeeFig'. From each rod T there depends a chain or other electrical connection to the inner coating' otl a jar. 8 is a binding-post having' a connection extending through the insulating'-bushing' 9, split horizontally, such connection secured to the disk 6. 10 is a heavystrip ot' eopperextending' trom binding-post S and held under the scre\\'head ll in electrical communication with the member 1Q, which in turn eng'ag'es in the brass bushing 13, held by nut 11 to the member 15, supported in the circular member or head 1G, made ot' wood or other insulating' material. Screwed in the upper end oi' the member 12 is a spark-gap terminal 1T. The member le is supported on the member 3 by a tripod, two of whose leg'sare shown at 1S and 1S). Erected upon the member Uf area plurality of members 20, ot' wood or other insulating material, and to the upper ends of these is secured another member or head 21, similar to 16. The

heads

16 and 21, along with the members 20, constitute adrum within which are located the spark-gap terminals. 22 is a member of brass or other suitable metal having the cylindrical portion 23 extending through 21 and having the upwardly-extending portion 24, whose outer surface is tapered and screw-threaded. Extending axially through the'member 22 is the rod 25, of brass or other suitable material, and whose lower end forms the other terminal of the spark-gap. On the upper end of rod 25 is a handle 26, of hard rubber or other suitable material, by means of which the length of the spark-gap may be adjusted. To clamp the rod 25 in any desired position, the portion 24 has a plurality of radial slots extending vertically and into the bore through which extends the rod 25. This causes the portion 24 to be resilient, and when the hand-nut 27 is screwed down on the tapering member 24 the segments of 24 are forced inwardly and clamped to rod 25'. 28 is a metallic disk embracing the member 24 and lying in contact with 22 and the metallic collar 29 held against 28 by forcing the screw 30 against 24. 28 is, however, loose and capable of rotation with respect to 24, though maintaining electrical contact with 24, and therefore with rod 25. 31 is a heavy copper conductor, preferably onefourth of an inch in diameter, which is secured at its one end to the member 28 and which is then coiled into a helix, shown at /L as supported upon a plurality of members 32, of insulating material, and held between said members 32 and the members 33, also of insulating material. This helix composed of the turns /L constitutes the inductance L. Shown in Fig. 2.) The other end of the helix simply terminates in one of the members 32. The

members

32 and 33 constitutea frame for supporting the helix, such frame being rotatable in the

channels

34 and 35, cut in the

members

16 and 21, respectively. This structure permits the entire helix to rotate to any desired position,electrical communication being maintained with the rod 25 by means of the member 28,as heretofore described. 36 is a springclip of copper or brass secured to the heavy copper strip 37, whose lower end is held under the binding-post 38. The binding-post 38 eX- tends through the bushing 39, similar to 9, and connects with the disk 40,similar to disk 6. 41 designates a plurality of rods similar to rod 7 from which depend members 41', engaging the inner coatings of the jars in group J. 42 is a binding-post in electrical communication with the copper sheet 4, this binding-post being adapted to receive the earth connection, the aerial connection being made at binding-post 38, or to conform with the connections shown in my prior patent aforementioned the aerial connection may be made at 38 and the

ground members

16 and 21,1'espectively. This forms an inclosure around the spark-gap serving to muffle the noise created by the spark. 46 represents mica or similar tubes affording means for circulation of air through the drum 43. At 47 is indicated an orifice in the cylinder 43 at a point opposite the spark-gap in order to facilitate inspection of the spark.

From the foregoing' description it will be seen that I have provided a compact and portable arrangement of the elements of an oscillating circuit for use in wireless telegraphy or the like, such arrangement affording means for adjusting the wave length of the transmitted energy and for adjusting the sparkgap as well. i

I do not wish to be limited to the precise arrangement of parts shown. inasmuch as numerous variations and modilications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim isA 1. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a rack, a plurality of Leyden jars mounted therein, a drum member mounted upon said rack, spark-gap terminals within said drum 'and mounted upon the heads thereof, and an inductance-winding surrounding said spark-gap terminals and supported by said drum.

2. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a rack, a plurality of Leydenjars mounted therein, spark-gap terminals mounted upon said rack, and an inductance-winding surrounding said terminals and rotatable with respect thereto and mounted upon said rack.

3. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a rack, a plurality of Leyden jars mounted therein, spark-gap terminals mounted within a drum, said drum being mounted upon said rack, and an inductance-winding rotatable upon said drum.

4. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a

ICO

IIO

drum, spark-gap terminals within said drum l. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a drum, spark-gap terminals mounted therein and supported by the heads thereof, an ind uetancewinding surrounding' said spark-gap terminals, and rotatable upon said drum and means for maintaining' electrical communication between said winding and a spark-gap terminal.

T. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a condenser, a container therefor, an induetance-winding supported upon said container, and spark-gap terminals surrounded by said winding'.

8. In a wireless-telegraph transn'iitter, a condenser, a container therefor, spark-gap terminals supported upon said container, and an inductance winding surrounding' said spark-gap terminals and rotatable with respect thereto.

9. In a wireless-teleg'raph transmitter, a condenser, a container therefor, an ind uctauce supported upon said container, and means for rotatingl said inductance whereby the amount of induetanee cooperating' with said condenser may be Varied.

10. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a comlenser, a container therefor, spark-gap terminals supported upon said container, an indiu'tance-wimling' surrounding' said sparkg'ap terminals and connections for the radiating' conductor and earth at terminals of said comlenser.

1l. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a plurality of condensers, a container therefor, spark-gap terminals supported upon said container, an induetance-winding surrounding said spark-gap terminals, said spark-gap, induclanee-wimling', and condensers being serially connected, and connections for the radiating' conductor and earth at the terminals of a condenser.

12. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a plurality of Leyden jars in series-parallel grouping', a container therefor, spark-gap terminals supported upon said container, an induel'ancewinding surrounding said spark- `e'ap terminals, and connections for radiating l l l l l l l l i conductor and earth at the terminals of a group of said Leyden jars.

13. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a plurality of Leyden jars, a container therefor, an inductanee-winding' supported upon said container, and spark-gap terminals surrounded by said winding'.

lst. In a wirelesstelegraph transmitter, a plurality of Leyden jars, a container therefor, an inductance-winding supported upon said container, spark-gap terminals surrounded bysaid winding, said Leyden jars, ind uctancewinding,l and spark-gap being' serially connected.

15. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a frame, an induetance \\'inding' supported thereon, spark-gap terminals supported by and surrounded by said inductance-winding'.

16. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a frame, an inductance winding supported thereon, spark -g'ap terminals supported thereby and surrounded by said induetancewinding, and means permitting rotation of said induetance-winding.

17. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a condenser, aeontainer therefor, an inductance supported upon said container, and means for rotatingsaid induetance, said inductanee and condenser being' fre1uenc\'-determining' elements of an oscillating eireuit.

18. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a condenser, a container therefor, an induetance supported upon said container, spark-gap terminals supported upon said container and surrounded by said induetance, said spark-gap, induetance and condenser being' serially connected.

19. In a wireless-telegraph transmitter, a condenser, a container therefor, an inductance supported upon said container, spark-gap terminals surrounded by said inductance, and a mufiier surrounding' said spark-gap terminals.

AeNns D. CUTTING, E. M. BRYAN.