US783390A - Apparatus for drawing sheet-metal bodies. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED FEBJ21, 1905.

H. SGHIMMBLBUSCH. APPARATUS'FOR DRAWING SHEET METAL BODIES.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 2. 1901.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I I I PATENTED EEB. 21, 1905.

H. SCHIMMELBUSGH. APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SHEET METAL BODIES.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 2, 1901.

2 SHEETS-SA-SHEBT 2.

I IINTTED STATES Patented February 21, 1905.

PATENT rtree.

APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SHEET-METAL BODIES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 783,390, dated February 21, 1905.

Original application led November 8, 1900, Serial No. 35,874. Divided and this application filed December 2, 1901. Serial No. 84,386.

Be it known that I, HANS SCHIMMELBUSCH, a citizen of Austria-Hungary, residing at Vienna,Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Drawing Sheet-Metal Bodies, this being a division of my application iiled November 8, 1900, Serial No. 35,874, for method of drawing sheet-metal bodies; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and -exact description of the invention` such as will enable others skilled in the art t'o which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to an apparatus for a step-by-step drawing of thin-Walled metallic vessels from sheet metal in one continuous operation and without essentially red ueing the thickness of the metal plate. In this art it has been found necessary that the metal plate must be yieldingly held at its outer parts, because otherwise the plate would become creased and cracks would appear in the vessels, which would prevent their being used.

There have been provided machines for producing out of thick-walled hollow bodies or out of solid blocks hollow bodies or vessels of reduced thickness of walls and considerable depth-fsuch, for instance, as German patents Nos. 73,005 and 91,946. In this mode of drawthen while yieldingly holding the outer parts l ing, however, it has not been found necessary to yieldingly support the outer portion of the metal from which the vessel is drawn. Also in the apparatus for the manufacture of caps for bottles and the like the above-described yielding support was not used, for the reason that these vessels are made out 4of soft metal. There exists a number ofprocesses for the successive drawing out of shells or other hollow ware of comparatively great depth from sheet metal-as, for instance, German Patent No. 87,629 and English Patents Nos. 6,099 of 1896 and 11,352 of 1895; but in these patents the shell must be removed after each drawingoperation and another matrix and punch used.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a means by which the sheet metal is first formed into a shell or the like body of comparatively large diameter and small depth,

of said shell by the drawing' means another drawing means forms the shell into a body of less diameter and greater depth, and then while again holding the outer parts of the reduced shell by the latter drawing means the shell is drawn into a shell of still less diameter and greater depth. These steps are continued in the same manner to a greater or less numloer until the shell is reduced to the desired form, and this is preferably accomplished without materially reducing the thickness of the sheet metalwthat is to say, the thickness of the walls of the finished shell is substantially the same as that of the original plate.

In the accompanying' drawings, Figure 1 1s a vertical section of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side View of the same, taken at right angles to Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 show in sequence the consecutive steps in the operation of the punches. Fig. 7 shows the several stages in the formation of the drawn body.

Referring now to the drawings, two or more pillars s are mounted on a suitable base and are bolted at their upper ends on a spider or head-plate k. Aveylinder /i is secured in a bore in the middle of the spider or head-plate and has a cylinder/1nl secured at its upper end by a coupling q. both ends, reciproeates in the cylinder /t and is secured at its lower part to a cross-head g. A carrier-plate b2 is connected with the crosshead g by the bolts e', and the carrier-plate and the cross-head are adjustable on the bolts by means of jam-nuts, as shown. A collar is bolted to a ring b, which latter has a ball-and- A cylinder f, open at socket engagement with the carrier-plate b2.

In the cylinder f, which is open at its lower end, is tightly fitted a tube d, that in turn reciprocates in the cylinder f and has a packing between its outer surface and the cylinder f at its upper portion. The lower end of this tube c has an 4integral collar on its outer surface and also has an externally-threaded portion that engages internal threads of atu besection c, by which the tubes c and c' are securely joined. together. The bore of the collar b is of the same size as the external diameter of the tube c, which latter reciprocates in said collar. Another tube, d', slides inside of the tube c' and is packed therefrom at its upper portion. This tube has an integral collar at itslower extremity and also external screwthreads engaging with internal screw-threads of' a short tube CZ, by which these tubes are secured together. Inside of these telescoping tubes is mounted another tube, e, having acollar on its lower' portion and also engaging with a short tube e by having screw-threads on its outer portion engaging internal screw-th reads on the tube e. The construction just described enables the tubes o. d, and e to be readily removed for the purposes of repair or renewal without disturbing the press proper and also permits the use in the same press of tubes of different gage, whereby vessels having walls of different thickness can be drawn in the same press.

Each of the three tubes, c', d and e is open at its upper end and communicates with the upper portion of the cylinder 7L, which is in communication with a source of hydraulic or other fluid pressure by means of a pipe p. The tube c atits upper extremity has a portion overlapping the upper end of the tube d', while the tube d has a portion that overlaps the upper end of the innermost tube e. The upper end of the tube e is closed and has a rod Zconnected thereto and extending upwardly through an aperture in the coupling q. When the said parts are in a lower position and the rod lis forced upwardly, the tube c will serve to carry the tube d up with it, when the said overlapping shoulder of el strikes the upper portion of the tube e. In the same manner the tube d will serve to carry the tube c upward, and the tube c has i y carry the tube f upwardly, the latter, being of a diameter equal to that of the bore 2 less also provided with external rings or ianges ff, (see Fig. 1,) which engage cross-head g, lifts head g and bolts v1, together with the carrier-plate 722, ring b, and collar On the table is mounted the matrix al, which consists of a shallow channel 1 of a thickness equal to the metal plate w, a bore 2 of larger diameter than the desired size of the shell w3 and of less depth, another bore, 3, of less diameter than the bore 2 and of greater depth, and another bore, 4, of the diameter of the desired shell. The bore below the last bore, 4,-is preferably of slightly-increased diameter. lf desired, an ejector 7 is located in the bottom of the matrix for vremoving the'iinished shell. These bores are preferably concentric and may be circular, elliptical, or of any other desired configuration. The lower part of each bore is preferably slightly tapered toward the succeeding bore. i

The collar b is the same size as the channel 1 in the matrix c. The-outermost tube c is the thickness of the metal plate w. The next tube, d, is of the diameter of the bore 3 less the thickness of the plate w, and the inner tube or punch e is of external diameter equal to that of the bore 4 less the thickness of the plate w.

The operation of the device embodying my invention is as follows: The metal plate 0.0 is inserted in its channel 1 in the matrix a, and then pressure is admitted th rough the pipe p, which will force all the members of the punching-tool downwardly from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that of Fig. 3. From this latter figure it will be observed that the parts b, (Z, c, and e occupy the same position relative to each other as in Fig. l, but that each of them has its lower portion or face in the same plane and in contact with the plate f1.0. Since the collar b cannot descend farther, the pressure upon the members c, d, and e will force the parts c, (Z, and a still farther down, which will result in the outer tube c drawing the fiat plate into the shell w', (see Fig. 7,) the parts of the machine taking the position shown in Fig. 4. During this latter operation it will be observed that the outer portion of the plate w will be yieldingly held between the channel 1 and the lower portion of the collar L. Since thetube c cannot descend farther, the inner tubes Z and e will be carried farther down, and the tube (Z, acting on the bottom of the shell w', will force it down into the next bore 3, forming the shell w, (see Fig. 7,) the parts taking the position shown in Fig. 5. During this latter operation the outer parts of the shell w will be yieldingly held between the' bore 2 and the tube c. The tube d having reached its lowermost limit, the Huid-pressure will force the innermost tube or punch @still farther downward, which latter impinging on the bottom of the shell wz will force it down into the bore 4, still further increasing its depth. During this last operation the outer parts of the shell 102` will be yieldingly held between the bore 3 and the tube d. By now raising rod Z each of the tubes e, (Z, and c and the collar b will be returned to their former position, when the shell w3 may be removed from the matrix by the ejector r.

My preferred means for raising the rod lis to have a piston l', sliding in the cylinder m, that is connected by a pipe a with a source of fluid-pressure. The' upper portion of the cylinder m is closed and may have a screw m, having a hand-wheel on its outer' extremity that serves to limit the upward movement of the piston Z.

One. of the main advantages resulting from the use of my invention is the 'continuous drawing action exerted upon the blank, by reason of which the heat generated by the first action of the first plunger remains in the blank and softens it and increases its ductility during the drawing action of the second plunger, and soon until the end. The walls j IIO connecting the several sections of the matrix extending substantially at right angles to the common axis of the plungers and the matrix, the action of the mechanism is a true drawing action as distinguished from a stamping or folding action. The material of the blankbeing drawn around two turns of substantially ninety degrees each and through a passage-way in a direction radially of the matrix, the molecules of the material are compelled to shift and rearrange themselves to suit the varying condition of the blank, and thereby the true drawing action is produced. This operation is facilitated by the fact that each plunger is held down upon its seat in the matrix by yielding' hydraulic pressure during the operation of the next plunger, which draws the metal of the blank under the end of the firstmentioned plunger. This I find to permit a better working of the metal than where the various plungers are held rigidly in position by means of unyielding mechanical connections. ln such mechanical arrangements the metal of the blank maybe so rigidly held and greatly compressed as to produce a tearing or breaking action when it is drawn through. The absolutely continuous working feature of my apparatus results from so constructing the same that the working faces or lower ends of all the telescoping plungers are initially lo-v cated in the same plane. They thus present to the blank a smooth plane surface and are pressed down simultaneously upon said blank. As the first or outer plunger reaches the end of its travel in the matrix the inner plungers continue without stopping, so that there is not the slightest interval of time between the period during which the first plunger is doing the work and that during which the second plunger is doing the work, and so on.- This absolute continuity leaves no interval for the cooling of the blank between the various periods of operation, and thereby avoids the necessity of the interruption of the process for the annealing of said partly-formed blank. Furthermore, there is no shock or straining of the material such as would result if the drawing action consisted of a series of blows or stamps produced by the several plungers. The hydraulic pressure operating independently upon the several plungers smooths over and adjusts itselfl to the junction of these successive sections or phases of the press action and materially contributes to the successful working thereof. The lower ends or working parts c, d, and c of the respective plungers can be unscrewed, and others of different diameter can be substituted, whereby the machine can be accommodated to blanks formed of different thickness of material.

Having thus fully described the nature ofl my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The combination in a draw-press of a series of telescoping plungers whose working faces are initially located in the same plane, a fixed matrix cooperating with said plungers having a series of concentric bores of different diameters for the reception of the several telescoping plungers, and means for simultaneously forcing said plungers into said matrix and continuing the motion thereof until each plunger reaches the limit of its motion therein.

2. The combination in a draw-press of a series of telescoping plungers whose working faces are initially located in the same plane` a fixed matrix cooperating with said plungers having a series of concentric bores of different diameters for the reception of the several telescoping' plungers connected by walls extending substantially at right angles to the common axis of the matrix and plungers, and means for simultaneously 'forcing' said plungers into said matrix and continuing' the motion thereofl until each plunger reaches the limit of its motion therein. j

3. The combination in a draw-press of a series of telescoping plungers whose working faces are initially located in the same plane, a fixed matrix coperating with said plungers having a series of concentric bores of different diameters for the reception of the several telescoping plungers, and means for simultaneously forcing said plungers into said matrix and continuing the motion thereof until each plunger reaches the limit of its motion therein, said means comprising a hydraulic chamber with which the upper ends of said plungers are connected and means for creating a fiuidpresssure in said chamber.

4. The combination in a draw-press, of a drawing-tool, comprising an inner punch and a series of telescoping tubes surrounding said inner punch, a cylinder in which said outermost telescoping tube reciprocates, said cylinder being closed at its upper end, means for admitting fluid-pressure in the upper part of said cylinder above the members of said punching-tool to advance the members of said tool, and a fixed -matrix having a series of concentric bores of varying size for the reception of the respective telescoping tubes, and different means for positively returning said members to their former position.

5. The combination in a draw-press, of a drawing-tool comprising' an inner punch and a series of telescoping tubes surrounding said inner punch, a casing in which said .outermost tube reciprocates, said casing being closed at one end, means for advancing said members of the drawing-tool, and a fixed matrix having a series of concentric cylindrical bores of varying size for the reception of the respective telescoping tubes, and means for returning said members to their former position,

said means comprising a cylinder secured to the closed end of said casing, a piston working in said cylinder, a rod connecting' said inner punch with said piston, a projection on said IOO inner punch engaging the adjacent tube on the return movement of said punch, a projection on each tube except the outermost one for engagingits next outer tube on the return movement and means for admitting fluidpressure into said cylinder.

6. lhe combination in a draw-press, of a base, ahead-plate, pillars supporting theheadplate above the base, a casing mounted in said head-plate, a drawing-tool mounted in said casing and consistingoic a series of telescoping tubes, a cross-head secured to the outermost tube, a carrier-plate connected to said head, a collar secured to said drawing-tool and mounted on the carrier-plate, a fixed matrix mounted on said base, and composed of a series of concentric cylindrical bores of varying size, and means for moving said collar and tubes to and from said matrix.

7. The combination in a draw-press, of a drawing-tool, comprising an inner punch and a series of telescoping tubes surrounding said inner punch, a cylinder in which said outermost telescoping tube reciprooates, said cylinder being closed at its upper end, means for admitting iuid-pressure in the upper part of said cylinder above the members of said punching-tool to advance the members of said tool, and a fixed matrix having a series of concentric bores of varying size for the reception of the respective telescoping tubes, the lower portions of said punch 'and telescoping tubes being removable.

In testimony7 whereot1 I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HANS SCHIMMELBUSCH.

Witnesses: y

ALvEs'ro S. HoGUu, AUGUsT FUGGuR.

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