US781869A - Pavement, floor, &c., composed of plastic material. - Google Patents

Description

No. 781,869. PATENTED FEB. 7, 1905. J. C. BAYLES. PAVEMENT, FLOOR, &0., OOMPOSBD OP PLASTIC MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.14, 1903.

Wz'in 63565: I ilzi/eniar Patented February '7, 1905.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

JAMES (J. BAYL 18, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PAVEMENT, FLOOR, &c., COMPOSED 0F PLASTIC MATERIAL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 781,869, dated February 7, 1905.

Application filed December 14, 1903. Serial No. 185,139.

To 1077 [1'71 emif 'III//I/ l/ concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES C. BAYLES, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, county and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pavements, Floors, 620., Composed of Plastic Material, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure I shows in plan view a pavement constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section thereof. Figs. and 4 show in plan view modified forms of the grille.

My invention relates to improvements in road-su rfaces,street-pavements, and other surfaces made from material plastic at the time of use, such as asphalt, concrete, or cement.

The object of my invention is to correct the defects which are found in practice to exist in pavements and other surfaces of material laid in a plastic condition. In the case of asphalt roadways and street-surfaces these defects are (/1) their dangerous slipperiness when wet or cold, causing horses to fall upon them; (6) their inability to afford an adequate foothold for horses when drawing heavy loads, in stopping quickly, or in backing; (0) their tendency to wear unequally; ((Z) their tendency to flow or creep in hot weather. To correct these features, I employ -the device shown in the accompanying drawings, which show grilles for use in connection with a plastic material employed to give a wearing-surface in roadways for vehicles or pedestrians.

In the drawings, 2 2. are the grilles, and 3 the plastic material, of the pavement.

In carrying out my invention as applied to the improvement of roadways, street-surfaces, lanes, &c., laid with asphalt or other bituminous material I prepare mygrilles by bending flexible strips or ribbons of iron or steel into the form best adapted to accomplish the objects immediately in view. The strips or ribbons of iron or steel are of such thickness and width as the traffic and other conditions may require. In connection with asphalt streetpavcments in ordinary practice I shall make my grilles of strips or ribbons of iron or steel aboutone inch wide and about one-eighth of an inch thick, each long enough to form from one piece by bending edge up a grille covering a superlicial area about twelve inches square. It will be understood that the widthor thickness of the strip or ribbon, the pattern into which it is to be bent or folded, and the superlicial area of the grille are not arbitrary, but may be varied as may be found :ulvantageous in dealing with given conditions. One general form or pattern which will be found especially advantageous and useful is that in which the free ends of the strip are so disposed by the bending as to place them within the periphery of the pattern. One of the many patterns which may be thus constructed is shown in Fig. a, and the obvious advantage of such a pattern is that the free end is thus shielded by the surrounding convolutions of the strip and is prevented from being exposed and turned upward out of a plastic material by any unusual wear or lifting, such as might result from contact with a horseshoe-calk, especially when the plastic material is softened by heat.

In laying a new asphalt pavement or relaying an old one by resurfacing it after the superficial layer is spread and partly :smoothed I dispose my grilles edgewise in position, hot or cold, as may be found most iulvantageous, and partly embed them in the plastic material with which they are to be incorporated by malleting or pressure. I then pass a roadroller back and forth over them, condensing the material and at the same time pressing the grilles into the plastic material until the upper edges of the folds or convolutions composing them are H ush with the surface. They are thus incorporated into the plastic material of the wearing-surface of the pavement, dividing it by lines of metal so disposed as best to accomplish the purpose sought in each instance. Being harder and more resistant to wear than any bituminous or other plastic material, the grilles do not wear down as fast as the material in which they are inserted, and by the slight protrusion of the edges of the bent strips of metal from which they are formed they give the foothold to horses required and equalize the wear of the streetsurface. The grilles do not extend through the wearing-surface to the rigid base of the pavement, but terminate above the same, as shown in Fig. 2, and being of flexlble nature the elasticity of the pavement is preserved and all inequality of wear is prevented. It is therefore important that the grilles should not be composed of a rigid frame or structure.

I claim 1. A pavement formed of plastic material having embedded edgewise in its surface a grille consisting of a single strip of metal folded to bring the edges of the folds into a common plane; substantially as described.

2. A pavement formed of plastic material having embedded edgewise in its surface, and terminating above the rigid base of the pavement, a grille consisting of a metal strip folded to bring the edges of the folds into a common plane; substantially as described.

8. A pavement formed of plastic material JAMES (J. BAYLES.

l/Vitnesses:

FRED J. iVILLocK, EDWARD A. DITHMAR.

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