US780216A - Gun. - Google Patents

Description

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PATENTED JAN. 17, '19051 S. N. MGGLEAN.

Y GUN. APPLICATION FILED JULY 14,1900.

PATENTED'AJAN. 17, 1905.

S. N'. MGGLEAN.

GUN.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 14, 1900.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. l H11 rl PATENTED JANlV, 190.5. S. N. MGGLEAN. y

GUN. APPLICATION FILED JULY 14, 1900.

W 41.77.111 `r l.

no. vedere.

Patented January 17, 1905.

santini. N. Meerman, or' Cnnvnaaiin, oi-iio.

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SPECIFICA'SLEON forming part of Letters Patent No. 'Yil dated J l?, Iii-E55 Appleman ned my in, woo. serai no. 22,616.

To @ZZ whom it my'conccrn:

Be it known that, SAMUEL N. MOCLEAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of yUlevelanehOhio, have invented a new and useful improvement in Guns, which is uliy set forth in the following specification.

My invention relates toheavy ordnance and to power-actuated devices for manipulating the breech mechanism and to means for con- IO trolling the recoil and utilizing the force of Ithe gases of discharge for storing up the energy required in the various operations to be performed in manipulating the gun. In guns of this class, which often throw projectiles i5 nearly half a ton in weight, the discharge has heretofore resulted in the recoil of the gun with such enormous jforce. as to impose upon the gun-carriage most severe and destructive strains and has necessitated the construction 20,01l very heavy and exceedinglyexpensive gun- 2 5 isf exceedingly heavy and. difiicult to operate rapidly in opening and closing the breech.

The objects of the present invention are to provide means whereby the enormous and destructive strains due to recoil may be partially 'o r entirely eliminated to the end thatasimple,

iight, and inexpensive carriage may be used in connection with the heaviest guns and in this connection touprovide means actuated by the stored energy of the gases of discharge for opening and closing the breech mechanism.

With these objects in view the invention consists of a gun having at or near its muzzle end a combined recoil-check and air-comi pl'wlgaid check b eing in the form of a gas- 40 nozzle which catches any required portion oi the gases of discharge and directs or applies them in such a Way that their action opposes that of the recoil and at the same time actuates an airfcompressor whereby power is '45 stored to be utilized in the manipulation of .the breeclrblock.

More specically stated, the invention consists of a gun .having at or near its muzzle end a gas-nozzle in the form of an expansionchamber combined with anair-compressor,

which gas-nozzle is provided with automatically-controlled vent-ports whereby the force of the gas-current may be regulated and the application thereof be secured atany required pressure, said gas-nozzle and compressor being combined with a power device for automatically unlocking, withdrawing, and swingin'g the breech-block to one side, means being controlled by the compressor for automatically admitting compressed air from a suitable reservoir t said power device upon the discharge'of the gun; and the invention further consists in a series of connected cylinders for unlocking. withdrawing, and swinging the breech-block to one side to open the breech and to return, reenter, and relock the block to close the breech, combined with automatically-tripped valves admitting the pressure from one cylinder to the other in succession as required.

My invention is not limited to any particular construction of mechanical details, since the inventive idea involved may be embodied in a variety oi' mechanical structures. I have, however, for the purpose of illustration shown in the accompanyingdrawings one form which the invention may assume.

in the drawings, Figure i is a side elevation of the rear portion of a gun having my invention applied thereto', the guri-platformbeing shown in vertical section. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section through the breechblock and ,its pintle on the line 77, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of the breech end ot' the gun on the line 8 8, Fig. 1t, with the brecchblocl in locked position. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation oi' the gun.

10 10, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a sectionthrough the cylinder for swinging the block and tray open, showing a form oi' automatic valve that may be employed.

Fig. 5 is ay central horizontal section of the same on line4 Fig. 'i is a broken section onv the line i2, Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a central vertical section of the muzzle of the gun and lthe comblncd gas-nozzle and air compressor.

Figs. 9 and i() are like views ot' modified forms of the same. Fig. ll is a fragmentary view of the iiring mechanism. Fig. l2 is a section of the compressor-tube on line 17 17, Fig. 10; and Figs. 13 and la are diagrammatic views IDO illustrating' the three cylinders for opening and closing the breech mechanism, together with the lines of communication between them and the valve for controlling the How of pressure thereto.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is a stationary support for a revolving platform 2, turning `on antifrictional bearings 3 and retained in position on the support 1 in any suitable manner, here shown as by a clip-ring 4. Suspended under the support 1 is a compressedair reservoir 5, having a pipe 6 connected thereto and passing centrally through the support l and platform 2, saidpipe 6 being preferably iexible throughout the whole or a portion of its length and communicating with a pipe or pipes 7, extending longitudinally under the gun from the breech to the muzzle end thereof.

Attached to the muzzle end of the gun isvrny combined gas-nozzle and air-compressor, by the use of which am enabled to utilize the gases of discharge to neutralize or minimize the recoil when the gun is tired and also operatc an air-compressor for storing up energy to be used in manipulating the gun and its breech mechanism.

Referring to Fig. 8, 34 is the muzzle end ofthe barrel, here shown as reduced in its outer diameter so as to leave a shoulder 35,

foration 40 being surrounded by the inwardly-v turned wall or liange of the frontend of the cyl/- inder, whereby the interior line of the cylinder at its front end leads forwardly along said iange and then on a reverse curve rearwardly. The cylinder is also provided with one or more vent-ports 41, normally closed by the fiange 37 on the piston 36. A stout coiled spring 45 is interposed between the ring 38 and the piston 36 and tends to hold the cylinder in its rearward position with the vent-ports 41 over the lange37. The cylinder is provided, with a tubular extension 42, within which fits the enlarged piston-like head 43 cf the pipe 7, which thus is brought into communication with the cylinder 39. cylinder is also provided with an inwardlyopening valve 44, which permits air to pass therethrough to enter the cylinder, but closes under the influence of internal pressure, ussisted, if necessary, by a. spring. rlhe operation of this por tion of the device is as follows: When the gun is lired, the gases of discharge expand into thc forward end of the The cylinder 39 the instant the projectile passes the muzzle of the gun and exert a forward pull upon the cylinderthat is, the energy of the gases of discharge is exerted in the opposite direction to that of the recoil. This fors ward pull of the gases of discharge upon the cylinder is transmitted to the gun barrel through the spring 45, which yields, however, and allows the cylinder to travel forward over the piston 36, thereby forcing the air out of the cylinder, past a valve 46, and into the pipe 7, leading to the. reservoir 5. The cylinder in advancing under the tension of the gases opens the vent-ports 41, and thereby permits the gases to escape, whereupon the spring 45 returns the parts to the position shown in Fig. 8, the valve 44 opening to permit a fresh supply of air to enter the cylinder.

in the modification shown. in Fig. 9 the cylinder 47 is iixedly secured to the muzzle end of the gun and has a perforation 4S concentric with the bore of the gun, and from this perforation a second cylinder 49 projects inwardly a short distance concentric with the cylinder47. Snugly fitting within the cylinder 47 is aperforated piston 50, having ahollow piston-rod 5l extending into the cylinder 49, while a stiff spring 52 reacts between the piston and the forward end of the cylinder 47. Forward of th piston the cylinder is provided with vcntports 53, which are normally covered by the flange. on the piston, and the cylinder is connected with pipe 7 at the forward end thereof, the tubular sleeve 42 of Fig. 8 being' omitted. The operation of this form of combined gas-nozzle and air-compressor will be understood from the the description given of the operation of Fig. 8.

1n Fig. 10 I have illust-rated a construction like that of Fig. 8, except that in this ease the cylinder is fixedly secured to the muzzleY of the gun and the piston moves rearward under the pressure exerted by the gases of discharge.

In this construction the tubular extension 42 ing'a piston 59, whose rod moves in a slot 60,

formed in the tray under'the breech-block, and is provided with a tooth or lug 61, enL gaging in a longitudinal slot 61", formed in the breech-block. A pipe 62 extends from the pipe 7 (which is connected by the pipe 6 to theI auxiliary reservoir 5) through the pintle 56 to the left-hand end of the cylinder 58, as will be clearly understood from an inspection of Figs. 2 and 4. A-Talve 63 is interposed between the pipe 62 and the pipe 7 and controls the admission of fluid to said pipe 62, as well as certain other ports and pipes hereinafter 5 fmentioned.

64 is a pipe leading from the cylinder 58 through the walls of the tray 55 and a pistonrod 66, which rod has its rear end secured in the rear wall of the tray 55 and its forward end bearinga piston 67, playing in acylinder 68, formed in the breech-block, said cylinder being suitably closed at its rear end by a plate 69.

70 is a duct, likewise formed in the walls of the piston-rod 66 and the tray 55, leading` from the cylinder 68 through the stationary pintle 56 to the left-hand end of the cylinder 71, sup ported on the body of the gun and having a piston 71 therein, whose rod 72 extends outward past the pintleof the gun and has formed thereon a rack 73, engaging a toothed segment 74, integral with or secured to the hinge portion of t-he tray 55, as will be understood by an inspection of Fig. 5. A pipe 76 leads from the cylinderl to the valve 63, its point of exit from the cylinder being such that the piston when traversing the cylinder from left to right will move over the mouth of the pipe 76 before coming to rest.

77 is a pipe also leading from the valve 63 to the right-hand end of the cylinder 7l and to the rear of the piston when said piston is at rest in said right-hand end of the cylinder. (See Figs. 2 and 4.)

78 isa pipe leading from the cylinder 71 to the lower end of the pintle 56 and thence in the form of a duct upward through said pintle and the wallsof the carrier 55 to the rear end oi" the piston-rod 66 and thence through said piston-rodinto thecylinder 68 in front of the piston 67.

79 is a duet leading from the cylinder 68 on the forward side of its piston through the piston-rod 66 andthe walls of the carrier 55 to the The ports` with their respective cylinders are controlled by suitable valves, which valves are automaticallytripped by the piston in the cylinder aft'cr the piston has crossed the portand just as it is in the act of coming torest. Any suitable form of valve may be employed for this l have illustrated one form in, Fig.

shown, under the influence of aspring 8l and having a stem'82 projecting upward into the path of the piston, which latter is slightly beveled at one corner, as shown.. 'lhe valve 80V controls the pipe 78 and prevents the exit ot' fluid through said pipe except at the tlme when the piston rests over the valve-stem 82 and depresses the valve against the action of its spring. ln the drawings and the diagramthrough ducts and 79 is also controlled by automatieally-tripped valves 83 and 84, closing on valve-seats formed inthe body of the piston 67 and having valve-stems projecting in opposite directions through said piston, the stem of the valve 83 being in position to be struck by the right-hand end of the cylinder 68 and thefstern of the valve 84 in position to be struck by the left-hand end ot' such cylinder. The general arrangement and connection of the three cylinders 58, 68, and 7l will best be understood by reference to Figs. 13 and 14, which diagrammatieally illustrate the connections between the several cylinders and the valve 63, which controls the admission of fluid to said cylinders from the pipe 7 and the lexit of the fluid from the cylinders.

Referring to Fig. 13, when the valve is positioned as shown in said figure fluid passes from the pipe 7 through the pipe 85 and the duct 86, formed in said valve 63, to the pipe 62 and thence into the cylinder 58, whereupon the piston 59 will be moved to the opposite end of the cylinder 58, tripping the valve at the entrance to the pipe 64 and coming to rest with the piston and valve in the position indicated in Fig. 14. Pressure will then flow through pipe 64 to the cylinder 68 and move the piston 67 from the left to the right hand end of said cylinder, closing the valve at the entrance of pipe 79 and passing over the entrance to the pipe 70 and openingv the valve in connection with said pipe, the piston coming to rest with the parts in the position shown in Fig. 14; whereupon fluid will fiow through the pipe 70 into the cylinder 71, forcing' the piston 71 to the left, closing the valve in the pipe 78 by its initial movement and opening the valve in a pipe 76, leading' from the cylinder 71 to tho valve 63, the valve, however, in the position assumed-that is, the position shown in Fig. 13V preventing the escape of pressure through said pipe 76. Uponf-shifting the valve 63 from the position shown in Fig. 13 to that shown in Fig. 14 the duct 86 will be shifted so as to register with the pipe 76 and with the port 89, leading to the atmosphere, and pressure will be permitted to pass freely from cylinders 58, 68, and 71, through the pipe 76 and duct 86, to the atmosphere. At the same time that duet 86 is thus placed in communication with pipe 76a second duct 90, formed in the valve 63, is placed in communication with the pipe 85 and with the pipe 77, leading' from the valve to the cylinder 71, Awhereupon pressure flows from the pipe 7 into the cylinder 71, shifting the piston 71'Ll from the position shown in Fig. 14 to that shown in Fig. 13, thereby closing the matic views shown in Figs. 13 and 14 the 1 valve controlling` they pipe 76 and opening the IOO IOS

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vulve lending into pipe 78, the parte then essuminof the position shown in 13, iif'hereupon nuid passes through pipe 78 into the cylinder' 558 and forces-the piston 67 from the positionshown in l to that shown in i3, closing the entrance to the pipe TO and opening the velve leading into the pipe 79, as shown in 13, there-hy permitting iuid to poss from cylinder 68 through pipe T9 to cylinder 58 and forcing the piston 59 in seid cylinder from the position shown in ift to that shown in Fin'. 13, closing` the valve st the mouth of pipe 64 in its movement.

it wili he observed that when the parts are in the 'position shown in Fig. the cylinder il in communication with the atmosphere by rmy oi pipe 7? and branch pipe 92, which communicates through suitable ports and a duct S3 in the relire 63 with the atmosphere. will also be observed that when the velve is iny the gosition shown in Fig'. M communes.- tion between the left-hand side 'of the piston il and the atmosphere is out oi', while the right-hond side oi' the cylinder open to the stmoson re through pipe TG and the duct heretofore described. ifi/T ith this dingrinnin tic illustration. of the manner in which the three cyiinders employed in menipuhiting the i-hlocii: are connected end the ineens y the piston in each cylinder is caused oily trip o valve which permits to poss to the next cylinder in the the o; er:-.tion oi the improved Ineens inqi l closing' the breech-block will :Ldiiy understood, sind operation being es for or n he r in the ",osiiion shown in r is closei'i.

the breech ole-c..A

J. 2 36, and t ie 62 up through the p ntie 5e, end' thence 1i lo the left-hed end oi' the cylind 58, es ein, ly shown in Fig. 2., thus forcing the n 5i) to the right, whereupon 'the lug engagement with the longg'itudinei slot the breef .h-i,\loch, imports to the breechblocl( u. tu ning movement sniiicient to unlock the interrupted screw-threads on the block from those in the breech of the zgun. the piston reaches the terminus of its movement to the right it trips the vulve leerling to the pipe (54; and pressure vie seid pipe into the cyiinder 68 to the rear oi' the piston e? inasmuch es the piston-rod 66 is secured in the ren-r well ot' the carrier the piston cannot move; but the pressure between the rear oi" the piston and the rear end oi" the cylinder to, formed-hy the plete ("0 serves to Withdr UU, the breech-"block rearward over the piston and into the troy. Just es the breech-block reaches the end of its movement the forward end or' the cylinder (58, formed in seid block, strikes the stem of the valve 83 and forces seid vulve open against the tension of its spring, (see fischio thereby permitting' pressure to How through the duct TO, formed in the walls of the piston-rod 66, the carrier and the pintle 56 into the left-hond end of cylinder 7l, (see Fig.

4,) thereby forcing' the piston 7l in seid cyl-` eninst )iston '71 will serve to rifridly heid 2b i b the ports in this position. 'ihe ,gun having been loaded, the reverse of the movements just described. is accomplished by shifting the valve 63 from the position shown in Fig. i3 to that shown in Fig. le, whereupon the pressure in the cylinders 58, 68, and 7l escapes to the atmosphere through the pipe 76 and the duct 86, s vwill he understood from inspectingn Fig. li, and pressure iiows from the pipe 7 through the pipe 85 end the duct 10 in the valve G3i/21nd pipe 77 into the riglit-hend end oi' the. cylinder 7l., thereby forcing the piston 7l from the right to the left, Fig. 4, where-- upon the rscl; 752, engaging with 'the toothed segment 74;, swings the troy 55 beck iig-einst the breech end of the gun, which movement is corripietcd just as the piston 71' reaches the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. end the vulve controlling the pipe 78 in seid cyiinder 7l. boing` opened pressure iiows through seid pipe upward through the pintle 56 end the wuiis of the tray ond the piston-rod 66 into the cylinder 58, es will. be understood by en inspection of Figs. 3 and 4, The riressure against the forward end of the cylinder 63 forces the breech-block to reenter the hreecl'i of the gun, und just es it is pushed fully home the rear end of the cylinder 68 strikes the stem of the volvo 8e, as shown in 5, permitting,` pressure to pass outward through ducti, formed in the walls of the `gisten-rod 66, and the tray 55 to the righthand end of the cylinder 58, thereby for ing the piston in said cylinder to the left-hand end oi' seid cylinder und imparting to the breechblock a partiel turn, which serves to engage the threads on the block with those in thc gun. 'ihe pressure in the cylinder 58 also serves to iirnily maintain the breech-block in this locked position until such time as the cylinder is vented, which Venting` may be secured by shifting the Valve 63 from the position shown.

in Fig. le to that shown in Fig i3, whereupon the pressure posses troni cylinder 58 through. pipes 79, cylinder 68, pipe 78, cylinder 7l, pipes 77 and 92, und duct 93 to the atmosphere. For the purpose oi avoiding` any break in the continuity of the ducts 62, 70, and 78 at the 'point where they pass from the pintle of the troy to the mein body of the tray during the Incremento? which the trey is capabie.

.in 'i'od' is in engegeinent.

Vvaivee rearward, the rod 88, attached to said `gun, end the construction. Ais euch that the 105 when the breccibbiocli is witiidiawn and.

reame turning; movement ci the latter around the pintle a partialiy circular chamber 9G. is formed-in the hinge o? the troy, es Wili be undei-stood by inspection oi This charnber extends enough on 'each' side oit the duct temoinn uninterrupted communica tion through s id duct during any turning The Valve 63 mcy manipulated inannaly by a siiitebie hendmiieel 87, and, its connectingrod is es shown in 2 and Provision is aise made *Lio-'r automatically operating; said valve when ,een is fired. For thispurpose the valve (shown in Fig. 8) has a red 88 exifendiril'r;F reitrward through 'the pipe i' and projectingtherefrom in immediate proximity to a disk 91h, formed on the valve-stem, as shown e, This disk 9i has a shoulder 91l formedtbereou, with which the heel of the Vixen the gun is fired and the air-compressor acts to force the Vaive, also moves rearward, compressing the Se between the shoulder 95 and the rear end of the tube 7. Upon this rearward inoyement the heei of the rod 88 engages the shouides: 91a on the disk 91h, thereby revoiving the valve-stom' and with-it the visive., shifting tbe latter Arom the position shown in, Fig. is 'tothst shown in i3, thus permitting" the current to iiow in the direction necessary to automatically open the breech mechanism.

The reservoir 5 is connected by suiteble piping with the ,air-compressor, with the trunnionenpporting cylinders ii end fnei evatinef and depressing cylinder '20, cylinders 58, 68, and il for man ipnieting the breech. mechanism and, motor E8-13er traversing the breech mechanism may be operated. either sin tornetically at eeoh discharge of the or its operation may be contoiied by the hand- Whoei Bi'.

Referring to 3, e', and il, 10i vis e iiring-nin iccated in tube 192, seoured'cee treliy'iu the breech- Mock andere," ward through cylinder' 68 eating with tbe contrai bore .i tonrod 66, seid tube reciiro bore 103 ci :the piston-rod es the breec is'rnoved backward and forward in Witiidr ing; it fromm" repiac' y of the gnu. The front end or et of the pin 10i may extend thro@ w opening in the block to impiego on ci' the'Eai-trdge, end giofr'esr end of trienio `irojects from. te tubo 3.92 in o to be struck by any suitsble striker-Ls, ple, spring-actiieted i plnngeree forced back against the tension s isL ring;

retained in its rear ooeition by the spring actuated sear "M35, l

The operation oi' the device as a whois is felici/vs: Upontne discharge of the een *he bil securely in its open position until the valve 63 is turned from the position shown in Fig. 13 to that shown in Fig. le, when the passage of the current through the cylinders 58, 68, and Ii is reversed and the breech-block closed. lin cese it is desired that the breech mechanism should be opened at the will of the -gunner rather than automatically the disk 9i on the valve-stem 87 may be arranged so as to turn loosely upon the valve-rod or be rio;- idiy connected thereto, as may be desired. Any suitable means may be employed for thus rigidly connecting the disk Qlbto the vaivesters': 87a or disconnecting it' therefrom. i have shown in dotted lines a set-screw l0?,

7, which may be empioyed for this purpose. The air-reservoir 5,1nay be initially ,charged by a suitable air-pimp, which may be connected in any suitable mannerwith the reservo'ir-as for example, through the inietvelve e of the air-compressor.

li'yhiie i have herein shown and described my invention as an entirety, i have not claimed the means for traversing, elevating, depressing, and locking the gun by the use voi" the stored energy oi' the gases of discharge, eeA saine :forms the snbjectmatter of a separate application, Serial No. 37,817, tiled November 26, i900. I l

' Having; thus described my invention, what cioim is- K i. @he combination of a gun, an air-oook' ressor supported onthe Amuzzle thereof, a gescatebing nozzle also supported on the muzzie oi the gun' and operatively connected to s d.nir-compresser.`

. ina gun the combination of the barrel the combined gas-nozzle and alr-`com gressor supported on the muzzle of the barrel.

i3.4 The combination of the cylinder and pisc y ton supported on the muzzle of the gun and beging nimlenoentv relative to each other and Va ggwcatching chamber of which `the piston. ji'orins one or the Walls.

e. in a gun the combination oit' a nozzie and. piston sunpozted near the muzzie end of the baz-rei and movable reietiveiy to each other, a

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spring between the piston and cylinder,

air-reservoir, s'condnit connecting said cylinder and reservoir and a checlovaive in said condena.v f

5. in a gun, the combination of a nozzle for catching the gases of discharge, a power de'- vice for operating the breech mechanism,

means controlling the application 'of power to said device, and operative connections between said nozzle and controlling means.

6. In a gun the combination ofA ages-catching nozzle, a power device for operating the breech mechanism, means controlling theapplication of power to said device, and connections between Asaid nozzle and controlling means whereby the latter are automatically operated to admitpower to said device upon discharge of the gun.v

7. In a gun, the combination ot' a gas-nozzle, a fluid-actuated power device for operating the breech mechanism, avvalve controlling the passage of fluid tosaid device, and means extending from the -nozzle'to said valve and operating'it to admit fluidl to said power de- 'vice when the gun is'fired, whereby the breech is automatically opened upon the discharge of the gun.

8. In a gn the combination of a nozzle catching the gases of discharge, a Huid-actuated power device for operating the breech mechanism, a valve controlling the passage ot' motive fluid to said power device, and means actuated by the gases of discharge to operate I said valve.

9. In a gun, the'combination of. a nozzle catching the gases of discharge, an air-compresser connected therewith, a finiti-actuated power device ,f or operating the breech mechanism, a valve controlling the passage of moytive uid to said device, an outlet-valve to said 'com presser and operative connections between said outlet andcontrolling valves.

10. T'he combination of the gun, its breech mechamsm, and pneumatic cylinders for op- .lerating said mechanism, with an air-com- Lis pressor actuated by the gases of discharge, an outlet-valve for said compressor, a valve controlling the supply oi' air to said pneumatic cylinders, and a rod extending from said outlet-valve into operative relation with said con: trolling-valve. I

11. ln agun, the combination of the breechL block, a Huid-actuated power device for oper,- ating the same, 'a valve controlling the passage of motive Huid to said device, and discharge-actuated means operatively connected to said valve.

12. ln a gun, the combinationol the breechblock, afluid-actuated power device for opcr- 'reame andadmitting motive duid to said cylinders one after the other.

15. rlhe combination of agun and its breechblock havinga plurality of movements to open or close the breech, with a series of motor-cylinders in operative relation with said breechblock, and means permitting motive fluid to pass through said cylinders in series.

16. The combination of a gun and its breechblock having a plurality of movements to open or close the breech, with a series of motor-cylinders,1 one for each opening or closing movement, valved connections between said cylinders, 'and means automatically and successively opening said valves, whereby motive tiuid is admitted to said cylinders in succession and the opening or closingmovements of the block are consecutively imparted thereto.

17. Thev combination of the gun and the breech-block having rotating and reciprocating movements, with a motor-cylinder operatively connected to the block to rotate it', a second cylinder operating to reciprocate the block, a valved connection between said cyl# inders, means controlli'ngthe admission of motiv" Huid to said first-mentioned cylinder, and means automatically opening the valve in said connections and permitting the motive Huid to pass to the second cylinder.

18. The combination of the gun and its breech-block having rotating, reciprocating'- and swinging movements with a motor-cylinder to rotate the block, a second cylinder to reciprocate the block and a'third cylinder to impart the swinging movement thereto, and means for admitting motive iiuidto said cylinders.

` 19. The combination ot' the gunand the breech-block havingrotating, reciprocating ando., inging movements with a motor-cylinder to rotate the block, a second cylinder to reciprocate thebloch and a third cylinder to 'impart the swinging movement thereto, and Aautornatically-operatedmeans for admltting vmotive iuid to said cylinders consecutively.

20. The combination of the gun and a breechblock having rotating, reciprocating and swinging movements, with a carrier tray hinged lto the gun, a motor-cylinder supportedon said tray in operative relation with the breech-block to rotate it, a second cylinder in operative relation with said block to reciprocate it, a third cylinder operatively connected to the tray to swing the same around its hinge,

and means for supplying said cylinders with motive fluid. v

21. The combination of the gun, the breechblock and the air-reservoir, with the gas-nozzlc, the air-compressor connected thereto and communicating with the reservoir, 'motor-cyl" inders in operative relation with the breechblock, connections between the reservoir and said cylinders, and means tor controlling said connections.v

22. The combination of a gun, a breech-,

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the carriage, means operated by gases of discharge to place the Huid in said reservoir under pressure, and connections between said reservoir and motor mechanism, whereby en i ergy due to the discharge of the gun is utilized to open the breech.

In testimony whereof l have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

y SAMUEL N, MCCLEAN. Witnesses:

L. 0. MALLERY, S. T. MAIERON.

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