US761418A - Fire-brick. - Google Patents

Description

fication. Y

r is another source of injury to the fire-brick, as,

JOSEPH WORMALD, and HENRY L. SHUPERT,

.engine causes much swaying and jarring of the tends to break the brick before they are disout breaking or disintegrating for a period UNITED STATES Patented May 31, 1904.

PATENT. O F CE.

FRANK w'. SHUPERT,

FIRE-BRICK.

srncmrca'rmiv forming par or Letters Patent No. 761,418, dated May 31, 1904.

Application filed August 28, 1903.

To all ZUhI/O WZ/jt may cgnccrn:

Be it known that we, FRANK W. SI-IUPERT,

citizens of the United States, residing at Hillyard, inthe county of Spokane and State of Washington, have invented a new and useful Fire-Brick, of which the following is aspeci- This invention relates to fire brick,and more particularly to fire-brick used as arches in the fire-boxes of locomotive-engines and other fire-boxes in which heat of similar intensity is developed. 1 I .,i 7

In the arches of fire-boxes of locomotiveengines,especially modern high-power engines in which steam is maintained at apressure of from two hundred to two hundred and-twentyfive pounds to the square inch, the fire-brick are subject to heat of great'intensity, which tends to disintegrate the brick with great ra pidity, and, moreover, the high speed of the engine, together with a certain amount of dis tortion of the contour of the fire-box, which integrated by the action of the heat developed in the fire-box. The feeding of coal into the fire-box in engines of the type above specified owing to the forced draft employed, the coal is drawn into the fire-box withunusual velocity. Owingto all of the conditionsnoted inthe preceding paragraph, the fire-bricks which form the arches of the fire-boxes of locomo tive-engines deteriorate very rapidly, the life of the fire-brick being in some instances as short as a week.

The objectof this invention is to provide a fire-brick especially designed for use in the construction of the arches of the fire-boxes of modern locomotive-engines and capable of re si'sting the jars, strains, and excessive heat to which fire-bricks sofiised are subjected withvery much. longer than that which usually suffices to render'the ordinary fire-bricks unfit for further service.

- In attaining the object above stated we make Serial No. 171,149. (No model.) a

, different forms in the accompanyingdrawings,

described in the following specification, and

having the novel features thereof pointed out in the appended claims.

In the draw1ngs,Figure 1 1s a view in longitudinal section through a fire-brick, illustrating one form of embodiment of the inyen- 7 tion. Fig. 2 is a view in longitudinal sectioii through a fire-brick, showing a modified form of the invention.

Inthedrawings corresponding parts are des- I ignated by the same characters of reference in both views.

Referring to the drawings by reference characters, 1 designates the main portion of the brick, formed, as usual, of fire-clay.

. 2 2 are metal rods, preferably iron, extending through the brick from end to endthereof, as shown. 7 1 3,3 designate channels in the brick, within which are inclosed. the metal rods which strengthen the .brick for use as. specified.

- In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 1 the brick is made with channels 3, extending through it,- each channel having at either end a countersunk portion 5. The rods 2 are inserted into the channels afterithe bricks are baked, and each rod is'held in place by means of a nut and washer at one end and a bolthead and washer at the other end, as shown. The. countersunk openings in the ends of the brick are filled upwith asbestos and clay after the rods are inserted, which forms a pro; tecting-covering over the ends thereof.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 2 the metal rods provided with asbestos cove erings 4 are laid in the fire-clay of which the brick is made before the brick is subjected to pressure in the mold to compact it before balcing. 1 The ends of the rods are left uncoveredduring the baking of the brick in order to permit the clay of which the brick is formed to shrink, as it always does duringthe baking process, without causing injury 1'50 the ends of the. brick from the rods incas'ed within the brick. After the brick is bakedthe openings in the ends are filled in with 'fire-clay, as in the form of the invention"alreadydescribed As iswell knownto the makers of bric fire-clay contracts about one inch in twelve during the baking process, and the temperature at which the baking is carried on causes an appreciable degree of expansion in the metal. For this reason it is necessary to provide between the metal rods and the fire-clay of which the brick is formed a yielding sheet or covering for the rods which will permit the shrinkage of the fire-clay forming the brick without splitting the brick. Before the brick are baked they are subjected to very heavy pressure to thoroughly compact the clay of which they are made, and the fibers of the asbestos which are used in making the coveri'rigs of the metal rods are considerably compressed thereby; but suflicient compressibility is still left in the asbestos after the molding of the brick by pressure to permit the shrinkage which inevitably occurs during the baking process.

Bricks constructed as described in the foregoing paragraphs are adapted to withstand the shocks, strains, and intense heat to which the fire-brick arches of the fire-boxes in locomotives are subjected for a much longer time than the ordinary form of fire-brick, and they are also adapted to stand handling and ship-- ment much better than the ordinary form of V fire-brick, as will be readily seen.

\ In both of the forms of embodiment of the invention described and illustrated the metal vious that the rods may be placed in other positions in the brick and accomplish the same results contemplated in our invention. Hence we do not desire to limit ourselves to any spethe brick.

cial mode of disposition of the rods within The rods shown in the drawings a are round rods; but it is obvious that rods of other configurations may be used instead without sacrificing any of the advantages obtained by our system of strengthening, and any wellknown form of rod may be substituted for the round rods shown.

While the asbestos covering has been shown only upon the rods placed in the brick prior to the baking process, as that form of brick is the only one in which asbestos covers are a necessity, it will be understood that asbestos covers may be employed, if desired, upon the rods in the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1.

Having thus described the construction and use of our inv ention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A fire-brick consisting of a body portion of fire clay and containing an internal strengthening structure composed of metal rods incased in non-combustible, compressible coverings.

2. A fire-brick comprising a body portion of baked fire-clay and a plurality of iron rods with asbestos covers disposed through said body portion.

3. The combination with a lire-brick having channels therethrough, of a plurality of metallic bolts disposed one in each channel, nuts and washers to hold said bolts securely in place, and plugs of asbestos and fire-clay over the ends of said bolts.

4;. The combination with a fire-brick having a plurality of channels extending therethrough, each channel having at each end a counterbored portion, of a plurality of metallic bolts disposed one in each channel, nuts and Washers to hold said bolts in association with the brick, and plugs of fire-clay and asbestos over the ends of said bolts.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we have hereto affixed our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANK W. SHUPERT. JOSEPH VVORMALD. HENRY L. SHUPERT.

Witnesses:

E. J. HOLLAND, Gno. F. HOLLAND.

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