US761117A - Electrical regulating mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

No. 761,117. 7 PATBNTED MAY'Sl. 1904.

A. B. WALTON. ELECTRICAL 11511111111111; MECHANISM.

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No. 761,117. P'ATENTED MAY 31, 1904..

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ELBGTRIQAL REGULATING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25,1902. I

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Patented May 31, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

ALLYN B. WALTON, OF LORAIN, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL VAPOR STOVE & MFG. (10., OF LORAIN, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

ELECTRICAL REGULATING MECHANISM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 761,117, dated May 31, 1904.

Application filed June 25, 1902. Serial No. 113,060. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALLYN B. WALTON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of L0- rain, county of Lorain, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electrical Regulating Mechanisms, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

My invention relates to electrical regulating mechanism embodying means for converting electrical energy into mechanical movement, particularly in arc-lamps; and it consists of a modification of the construction embodying the principle of application described and claimed in United States Letters Patent No. 651,985, issued to me June 19, 1900.

The object of such improvement is to provide a construction embodying my abovenamed principle of application as particularly adapted for use in multiple-circuit alternating-current lamps; and the invention consists of means hereinafter fully described, and particularly set forth in the claims.

The annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detail certain means embodying my invention," such disclosed means constituting but one of the various forms in which the principle of the invention may be employed.

In said annexed draWinga'Figure 1 represents a vertical axial section of an arc-lamp embodying my invention, illustrating the interior mechanism in elevationl Fig. 2 represents a verticalaxialsection taken upon the plane indicated by the line 11 II in Fig. 1, showing parts intersected by said plane in elevation. Fig. 3 represents a perspective diagrammatic view of the core used in the electromagnet which constitutes an element of my invention. Fig. 4 represents a diagrammatic side elevation of a modified form of an electromagnet used in my invention;

My improved lamp" is provided with an electromagnet embodying a movable coil, the construction being substantially that shown and described in the above-named Letters Pat- 'cross portion 0 of the core.

cut, with the exception that instead of using two movable coils, but one, A, is used and mounted upon a rocker-arm B, suitably located, a counterweight B, Fig. 1, being provided for counterbalancing the weight of the coil. The electromagnet of which said coil A constitutes a part is provided with a U-shaped core C, Fig. 3. This core is provided with two downwardly-projecting pole portions G and C the former being bent upon an are having its center lying upon the axis of the rocker-arm B. Such axis is located so as to permit the movable coil A to surround the projecting portion C of the core, as is shown,

and permit such coil to be freely oscillated in the magnetic field surrounding such projecting portion, as will be readily understood. Intermediately of the portion C of the core and the main or cross portion C of the core is wound a portion of the fixed coil A, a second portion A of such coil being wound upon the The two ends of such cross portion are formed with upwardly-projecting poleportions 0 and 0, between which the coil portion A is wound. It is thus seen that the construction of the core and the arrangement of the coils around same are such as to form a marked division in the magnetic field of the electromagnet, the greater portion of the magnetic lines of force passing between the pole portions 0 and 0, thereby giving the required reactance for the choking efiect, and the remaining lines passing between the downwardly-projecting pole portion C and the downwardly-extending opposite pole portion O thereby giving the required operating effect, Fig. 3. The upper portion of the lamp is provided with a cap D,constructed of a non-magnetic material, such as aluminium, which is secured to the top of the frame D by means of screws. The electromagnet-core is hung from the cap by means of screws 0Z, (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1,) whereby it is seen it may be adjusted toward and from the cap. Upon the lower surface of such cap is secured a yoke D of iron or steel, preferablylaminated, as shown, and of a length such as to extend over the core portion 0 and c, as shown in Fig. 3.

This yoke, as will be seen from the above description, is capable of adjustment toward and from the core C by turning the screws (Z, whereby it is seen that the air-gaps between the yoke and said core may be variably determined. The core portion upon which the coil portion A is wound is made of a crosssection less than that upon which the coil portion A is wound, as shown in Fig. 3. The movable coil A and coil portions A and A are connected in series, these elements in turn being connected in series with the carbons. The rocker-arm B is suitably connected with the carbons, so that its movement may be utilized to form the are, as will be understood.

A dash-pot E, provided with a suitable piston and piston-rod E, is suitably mounted upon the interior of the lamp-casing, the piston-rod being provided with two adjustable sleeves e e. The rocker-arm is provided with an arm 6, which is provided with a bore through which the piston-rod E loosely projects, and upon this piston-rod intermediately of the two sleeves e c and said arm 5 are mounted two helical springs a e.

The lamp constructed as described operates as follows: The current being passed through the lamp-circuit creates a divided magnetic field all of the lines of force of which, as before stated, pass between the two sets of pole portions, the impedance encountered by the one portion of the magnetic lines of force being, however, greatly in excess of that encountered by the other portion thereof, since such one portion contains, as has been described, a good conductor of' its magnetic lines of force in the form of the yoke D Upon the creation of such field the movable coil portion A is attracted toward the coil portion A,thereby establishing the are at the carbon-poles, the piston in the dash-pot reacting against this movement to cause it to-be effected at the proper speed. Assuming now that a marked difference of' potential suddenly be created at the carbons, thereby creating aconcomitant and corresponding differenee in the intensity of the magnetic field of the electromagnet, it will be seen that a corresponding change will take place in the position of the movable coil A relatively to the coil portion A and that a corresponding change will take place at the carbonpoles in the distance between the latter. Instead, however, of' an equal division of such difference in the magnetic field being extended throughout the two field portions when the difference of potential at the carbons is decreased a greater number of added magnetic lines of force are caused to flow between the pole portions'having the magnetic field of the least impedance that is, such lines of' force will at the first instant nearly all travel through the yoke D. This produces what is called a dead-beat action and prevents the jump ing of the carbons which would otherwise take place if the movement of the carbons took place simultaneously with the change of potential at the are. This characteristic of the magnet is still further emphasized by the reduced cross-sectional area of the core upon which is wound the coil portion A, such form of this coil portion creating more nearly, if not entirely, a condition of magnetic saturation at this point, so that a change in the number of magnetic lines of force createdby a drop of the potential at the arc willbe expressed more readily in the field portion of the lesser impedance. The springs e have the effect of' providing the slight amount of' mechanical resistance necessary to properly regulate the movement of the movable coil due to very slight changes in the are of potential, providing a more sensitive resistance than could be obtained from the dash-pot and piston. The latter, hence, is only used for resisting the movement of the carbons when a marked difference in potential at the arc is effected, the springs being used for this purpose whenvery slight differences of potential at such are are effected.

In the modified form of' magnet illustrated in Fig. 4 the yoke D is pivoted, as at cl, and its opposite end connected with the rocker B in a manner such as to increase the air-gap between the core and yoke upon the recession of' the movable coil portion from and decreased upon its approach toward the core. By these means it is seen that the intensity of' the magnetic field portion lying between the pole portion cand c is automatically varied and controlled, so as to still further decrease the liability to too sudden movement, which would otherwise result from a marked increase or decrease of the pressure in the circuit.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention maybe employed instead of the one explained, change being, made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, provided the means covered by any one of the following claims be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention- 1. In electrical regulating mechanism, the combination with an electromagnet having two sets of poles forming two magnetic fields, one of such fields being of markedly greater impedance than the other, of a movable coil connected in series with the magnet-coil.

2. In electrical regulating mechanism, the combination with means for forming an are, an electromagnet having two sets of poles forming two field portions of markedly different degrees of impedance, and a movable element related to the magnet-coil in a manner such as to be movably affected by variations in the current in such coil, said element being located in the field of greater degree of' impedance and arranged to actuate said arc-forming means.

3. In electrical regulating mechanism, the combination of' a single-core electromagnet having a permanentlylocated conductor of IIO magnetic lines of force in a portion of its field, a movable element in that part of such field of lesser impedance and arranged so as to movably respond to variations of current as the magnet-coil, and arc-forming means connected with such movable element.

4. In electrical regulating mechanism, the.

combination of an electromagnet, a conductor of magnetic lines of force in a portion of the field of such magnet and forming two fields of different degrees of impedance, a movable coil in the field portion of lesser impedance and connected with the magnet-coil, and arc-forming means connected With such movable coil.

5. In electrical regulating mechanism, the combination of an electromagnet having a projecting core, a conductor of magnetic lines of force in a portion of the field of such magnet and forming two fields of different degrees of impedance, a movable coil in the field portion of lesser impedance connected in series with the magnet-coil, and surrounding such projecting core portion, and arcforming means connected with such movable coil..

6. In means forconverting electrical energy into mechanical movement, the combination of an electromagnet having two distinct field portions, a movable element located in and controlled by one of such field portions, and a movable conductor of magnetic lines of force located in the other field portion and connected with said movable element.

Signed by me this 10th day of June, 1902.

ALLYN B. WALTON.

Attest: D. T. DAVIES,

S. LOUISE PATTESON.

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