US760625A - Window. - Google Patents

Description

110.760,625. l y PATENTED MAY24,1904.

` B. J. HAUsPELDaLIE. H. LUNKEN.

. WIND APPLIGATION'HLB .27. 190s.

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' 110,760,625. ,PATENTBD MAY 24,1904.

' 1s.l J4 HAUSFELD 44B. H.' LUNKEN,

WINDOW.

Arrmouxon rI-Lnn Nov. 2v, 190s.

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' 4 sums-#snm a.

MTA/15055. A n l l No. 760,625. y A PATBNTED MAY 24, .1904.. B; J. HAUsPE-LD & E. IH; LUNKEN.

WINDOW. APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 27, 1903.

A NO MODEL. l v 4 SHEETS- SHEET 4.l

` UNITED v'STATES- atented May 24, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

sAID HAUsFELD AssIGNoR To` sAID LUNIgEN.

'w|NDow.A f

sPEoIFmATIoNrermipg part 'ef Letters Patent Ne. 760,625, dated Mey 24,1904;

Applicaties tied November 27, i903. sriei Ngsisaseo, No moda.)

vTo all whom t mrtg/conceWe:v j

Be it known that we,'BE'RNARD J. HAUsFELD and EDMUND H. LUNKEN, citizens of the United States, residing at Cincinnati, in the-county of Hamilton and Statevof Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvementsin Windows, of Whichthe following vis a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

Our present lnvention relateslto Improvefl ments upon and modifications of the window construction illustrated and described in oury pending application, Serial No. 173,118, filed Septemberlft, 1903, and its novelty'will be hereinafter more fully setforth,`and particularly pointed out in ourclaims.

y1n the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a middle vertical section of a window embodying our invention; Fig. 2, a horizontal crosssection ofthe same on a larger scale; Fig. 3, a detail section of va portion of themainfrarne and swinging frame on the dotted line 3 34 of,l

Fig. 2; Fig. 3a, a corresponding viewon'- the `dotted line 3-3'of Fig. 2; Fig. 3-, a detail sectional plan-view onthe 'dotted line 3l 3b`of Fig. 1. Fig. 3'? is an enlarged sectional plan view on the dotted li'ne 3c 3c of Fig. l; Fig.

3d, adetail sectional elevationon dotted line 3131 of Fig. 3; Fi'g.4, a horizontal sectionali viewcorresponding to Fig. 2, but with the4 window swung to partially-openposition; Fig.

5, a horizontal section on line' 5 of.Fig..1 immediately beneath fthe-swingingl frame of Fig. 4;; Fig. 6, an elevation of a modied form of main frame with theswinging frame removed from.' it; Fig. 7, ahoriz'ontal rcross-'section of the mainframe of Fig.`6; Fig. 8, a horizontal sectionaldetail showing a modification of themain-frame construction; Fig. 9, asimilar View showinganother modification, Figs. l0 and 11, perspective `views dof the two parts ofthe hinge employed in Figs. 1 to 5; Fig.'12, a vertical section of thehinge at the bottom of the swinging frame, showing the ltwo parts of Figs. 10 yandll assembled together; Fig. 13, a .detail view showing a modification of the hinge construction, and

i Figs. 14 and 15 detailviews illustrating further modifications.

several views.

,Our presentinvention, like our former one,

vrelates to windows in which the sliding yglasscarrying frames aremounted in=a pivotedor swinging frame, which is in turn mounted in f the fixed main fr ame ofthe window,the glassf carrying frames being free to slide up and-.down

in the swinging frame, as.inordinary win dow construct1ons,.wh1le the swinging frame kmay be -swung inthe main frame to `open the window, both for the purposejof ventilation?" and for ythe purpose of bringing the-opposite sides of the glass -withinsfconvenienti' reac when it isl desired'to cleanthe samen.= fIn-ou-r pivoted at the `Iniddl'ef-itsl 'top` and; bottom, f swings upon a-vertical axis or f and therefore pivot. 1

i Certain featuresfof our invention. relate to'- provision for this `change, 1n .thea-,pivotalare'r.4

rangement of the swinging fram'eQwhile ot-hers relate to'improvements in theconstruc- I tion ofthe window which are applicabletoeither arrangementof the swinging frame.

i p Referring 'now vto the construction,andare" rangementofthe partsv shown-in Figs. l to5=A former .application Q the lswinging "frame'was 1 f pivoted midway. ofits'vertical lengthriiir't-he; Y if oppositesi'des o f the main .frameandlswung upon a horizontalaxisor pivot, vwhilein'our- Y. present constructionplgthe swinging yframeis of1 the accompanying drawings, lrepresents thjewall of a building in-whichis formed a -r window-opening, of which2 represent/sone of.` f r its'bottom piece' or'sill, these parts inthe pres-A its side walls, 3 its toppiece or lintel, and 4- en't instance being assunnedfto` be of--stohe, whilethe side walls 2 of thewindow-opening` are of brick.

ilhe refct'angularmetal frame 5 ofthe.

window, preferably made up of four separate pieces suitablysecured together atithe corners ofthe frame, is of` channel or U shape in crosssectionand is secured inthe window-opening behind the lintel 3 and sill` 4; and side walls 2 y of the window-opening, with its open orchannel side facing outward, as shown. Secured within the window-opening outside of "this metal frame is a wooden frame or casing composed of top and bottom strips 6 7, Fig. 1; side strips 8, Fig. 2, and front or outer strips 9, Figs. 1 and 2, the strips 9 being (with the exception of the bottom one) nailed to the strips 6, 7, and 8 before the wooden frame Composed of them is inserted in position in the window-opening. Thefront or outer face of the main frame 5 fits against the strips 9 at the top and sides of the window-opening, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, while at its bottom the frame 5 has its outer or forward side bent outwardly to form a supporting foot or bracket 10, which rests upon lthe upper edge of the bottom strip 9 of thewooden casing, as shown in Fig. 1, said foot or bracket extending the full width of the main frame and serving to support the latter in position in the windowopening upon the strip 9. This strip 9 may be nailed to the bottom and side pieces 7 8 of the wooden frame, as are the other strips 9; but we prefer to insert it loosely in place and rest the metal main frame upon it for a purpose hereinafter described.

The foot or bracket 10 of the main frame 5 also serves to prevent water at the bottom of the window opening from passing inward through the joint between the main frame 5 and the wooden strips 9. The joint between the outer face of the main frame 5 and the strips 9 entirely around the window-opening, as well as between the strips 9 and the lintel 3 and sill 4 and side walls 2 of the windowopening, are covered by a finishing-strip' 11,ex tending entirely around the window-opening.

Fitting against the inner or rear side of the main frame within the inclosing wooden frame is a rectangular retaining-frame 12, nailed or otherwise secured to the top and bottom and side strips 6, 7, and 8 of the wooden frame heretofore described. The under surface of the top piece of the retaining-frame 12 and the inner faces of the side pieces of said frame are covered by a thin strip of sheet metal 13 to hide and protect the wooden frame. This sheet-metal cover may be continued over the bottom of the frame .12; but we preferably cover the upper surface of the bottom piece of the frame with either a thicker strip of metal or a marble slab or other finishing-piece 14. The rear face of the retaining-frame 12 is covered by a metal finishing-strip 15 at the top and sides of the window and at the bottom by a similar strip or a metallic molding 16, Fig.

1. The joint between the inner or rear face of the main frame 5 and the retaining-frame 12 or its sheet-metal covering is covered by a Vfinishing-strip 17, similar to the outer iinishing-strips 11, heretofore referred to.

The purpose of leaving the bottom strip 9 of the wooden casing detached from the bottom and side pieces7 and 8 thereof may now be explained, such purpose being to permit said bottom strip to be removed and trued up to compensate for any irregularities produced by settling of the building or otherwise without the necessity of removing the entire wooden casing even were the latter possible. To obtain access to the strip 9 for this purpose, itis only necessary to remove the wooden retaining-frame 12 and the main frame 5 and bottom finishing-strip 11, whereupon the strip 9 may be lifted out of its position between the bottom piece 7 of the wooden casing and the rear facing of the sill 4 and removed for the purpose of planing o' or adding to its upper or lower edges as occasion may require.

Having now described the general window construction, it will next be in order to describe the mounting of the swinging frame in the main frame and its cooperation therewith. As shown most clearly in Fig. 5^, this swinging frame 18 is pivoted at top and bottom,l

midway of its width, on trunnions or pivots 34, herelnaftermore particularly described, so that the wlndow 1s free to swing through approximately a half-revolution either for purposes of ventilation or for the purpose of rcversing its position and bringing the outer sides of the glass windows carried by it tothe inner side of the window-opening for the purpose of enabling them to be easily reached and cleaned. It is desirable that this swinging frame shall form a tight joint with the main frame 5 entirely around the window when the swinging frame is closed. This is accomplished, as to the sides of the windowopening, by the cooperating angle or L-shaped stop- strips 20 and 21, secured, respectively, to the swinging frame and the main frame 5, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. A packing-strip 22 is interposed between the cooperating strips 2O and 21 to effect a more nearly air and water tight joint between them, which packingstrip may be secured either in the stop-strips 20, carried by the swinging frame, or in the iixed stop-strips 2l on the main frame 5; but to protect such packing-strips as much as possible from the weather we secure the lefthand one in Fig. 4 to the {ixed stop-strip 21 on the main frame and the right-hand one to the stop-strip 20, carried by the swinging frame, so that both will be protected from water and dust and dirt driven toward the window from the exterior when the swinging frame is partially open. The' stop-strips 2() and 21 are formed of metal, and while preferably secured to the sides of the metal swinging frame 18 and to the inner faces of the metal main frame 5, respectively, they may be formed integral with those frames.

Secured to the left side of the swinging frame in rear of the stop-strip 20 is a closing'- strip 23, while at the opposite side of the window a similar closing-strip 23 is secured to the main frame 5 behind the stop-strip 21, so as to close the space between the swinging frame and the main frame 5 when the window is closed, as shown in Fig. 2. rlhe strips 20 and 23 may of course be merged into one and like- IOO IOS

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v secured in thetop and bottom of the main frame 5, and cooperating stop-strips upon the wise the strips 21" and 23,.the onlypurpose of providing the two separate strips at each side being to lighten the construction.

- At the top and bottom of the window tight joints between the swinging frameand main frame are provided for by stop-.strips 24 25,

swinging frame 18. -`The two stop- strips 24 and 25 are clearly shown in elevation at the top and bottom ofthe window. in Fig. 6, where it will be seen that at both the top and bottom of the window the strips 24 andy 25 extend in receives` the pivot or trunnion of the'swinglng frame, said sockets being located midway of the width of the window-frame at its top and bottom. 1t willalso be noticed that the strips 24 areabout one-half the width of the strips 25, and therefore'project into the window-opening about one-half as far as the latter strips, this unequal 'projection of the stopl strips 24 and 25 into the'window-opening corresponding to the like unequal projection -of the cooperating stop-strips from the top and bottomv of the swinging frame, as hereinafter described, whereby the narrow lstop-strips'on the swinging frame, which cooperate with the wide stop-strips 25 upon the fixed frame, are permitted to swing past and clear the narrow' strips l24upon the fixed frame, wl'iileyet cooperating with. the wide stop-strips 25 to ef fe'ct a tight'joint when the swinging frame is closed, as in the case of the similar stop-strips in our former application heretofore referred to. Both setsof strips are L-shaped in crossseetion,'as most clearly shown in Figs. 1, 3,y and'3V `InFig. 6- the channels or grooves in the strip- 24 are 'exposed to view, while those' in the strips 25 are. upon the farther side of said strips and'hidden from view.

Thecoperating stop-strips 28 and '29 onthe swinging framel are shown in Figs. 3v and 3iL and alsoin Fig. 5, in whichV latter the pack# ing 30,l secured in the 'channel of the strip 29, is exposed to view, (Fig. 5 being a horizontal section Aimmediately beneath the body of the swinging frame 18'through the joint between its bottom and .thef stop- strips 28 and 29, secured thereto,) while the packing 31, secured in the channel of the fixed stop-strip 24, is shown in dotted lines.

As will be understood from the foregoing, when the frame 18 is swung from its positiony shown in Fig. .4 to closed position, asin the other views referred to, thelower edge of its L-shaped stop-strip 29 (carrying the .packing- 30) will enter the channel. or groove lof the reverselyarranged fixed stop -strip 25, as

lshown in Fig.y 5,. the upper and outwardlyprojecting edge of the latter strip' entering the channel or groove of the strip 29 and abutting tightly againstv the packing-strip 30, as shown. The samewill be true in respect'fto Y the; cooperation of the stop-strips 24I and 28 packing-strip '31.

site side of the pivot of the swinging frame,

-whilethe lower edge of the L-shaped stop-v i' strip 28, carried by the swinging frame, will pass beneath the upper and oppositely-projeeting edge of the iixed L'shaped stop-strip .24 and abut tightly against the interposed the socket 27, which receives they pivot'or trunnlon of thev swinging frame and is confined betweenthe outer curved surface of said hub and the curved connecting-piece 33; which opposite directions from the socket 27, which unitesthe stop- strips 28 and 29 on the under -side of the swinging -frame, so that a tight joint ismaintained entirely lacross thev window whenthe swinging frame 1s closed.

VThe `arrangement and cooperation of the stop-strips'at the topof the window are the 4saine. as those just described at the bottom of .the window. v

The pivot or trunnion at the bottom of the swinging frame, which has its bearing inthe socket 27 on the bottom of the'rnain frame, Figs. 5 and 6, comprises a tubular bearing 34,V having a reduced and exteriorly-threaded up- `perlend, which is screwed into the bottom i plate of the swinging frame 18, as best shown inFigs. 11 and12. Passing through the central bore of .this tubular bearing is a screw 19,

which vhas threaded engagement with said bore, but whose lower end, projecting below the tubular bearing, has a plain surface and fit-s in a circular openingformed to receive it in? the mainframe- 5. In first placing theA swinging frame in position in the windowopening this 'screw 29 is partially unscrewed or' retracted, so that its lower end may passoverthesurface of the frame 5 as the tubular bearing. 34 is engaged with the socket 27. After the parts have been adjusted to proper position, with-the screw 19 immediately over the hole' for Yit .in the plate '5, the screw isV tightened up and its lower end projected into said hole in the plate 5 and the swinging frame thereby 'positively secured in position in the.,

' main frame.

The same construction and arrangement of the socket 27, tubular 'bearing 34, screw '19,' and frame 5 is employed at the top of the window, ,the two hinges or pivots of the swinging framezbein'g the same. If it be desired at any* 1 time to entirely "remove the swinging frame from the .window-opening; it is simply necessarytopartially'` withdraw the screws19 at thetop and bottom of the frame, which may be readily done with; a screw-driver, as their heads are exposed as in Fig; 4,'and then swing the-frame to partially open position and withdraw it from the'window.

Theparticular construction of the pivot or hinge` above described, employing the screws f 19, provides a means for positively locking orholding the-swinging frame in place and pre- '.vents any accidental displacement of it which The left-hand end ofthe v packing-strip 30 vis curved around the hub of Ioo might be possible in the absence of the screws 19, owing to the open sockets 27, in which the tubular bearing 34 of the swinging frame rests.

The swinging frame 18 carries the vertically-sliding glass-carrying frames, which are mounted in suitable guideways upon the opposite sides of the frame and separated by the usual parting-strips. The construction of the swinging frame may in these respects be the same as in our previous application; but in the present instance we have illustrated an 4improved construction in which the vertical sides and top ofthe frame are rolled from sheet metal of such shape that the frame itself, without any attached guides and partingstrips, will furnish the guideways for the sliding frames and the parting-strips between them. This construction is indicated in Figs. 1, 2, 3", 3c, and 3d, in the latter two figures of which is shown that the frame 18 is so shaped in cross-section as to provide guideways 18" for the sliding frames and an intermediate parting-strip 18" to separate them. This parting-strip 18" projects farther inward for the purpose of stiffening the frame and affording a larger bearing for the sliding sashes than the outer tongues 18, which in connection with the parting-strip 18" form the guides for the sliding sashes, whose exterior sides entering the guideways are provided with the racks 51, which engage with the pinion 50 on each side of the parting-strip 18". The pinion 50 is located on line with the meeting-rails of the two sashes and occupies a cut-out portion in the parting-strip 18" and is free to turn loosely on a screw-stud 55, as seen in Fig. 3", which screw-stud has its head passed through the inner wall of the parting-strip 18", where it is countersunk, and has its rear end threaded and retained by a piece forming part of the frame 18, into which it is screwed, or by a filling of fireproof material which fills the entire interior of the parting-strip except at that point where the pinion passes through the walls of the parting-strip to engage the rack. The above-described construction of the parting strip enables us to make the swinging frame of very light rolled metal in which the parting-strip is integral with the guideways and is hollow, but at the same time can be filled with any suitable light material, preferably of lireproof character, which will stifi'en the frame and prevent it being warped or bent out of shape. Again, while we have shown as our preferred form of construction the parting-strip as integral with the rest of the swingingframe it is evident that it might be a separate hollow piece suitably secured to the frame, as by brazing, riveting, or in any other convenient manner. In the present instance, as in our former application, the two glass-carrying frames of the window are geared together by racks and pinions, 50 indicating one of the pinions in Fig. 3b and 51 the racks meshing with it. These racks 51 are secured upon or formed integral with the inner faces of the metal strips 52, which extend vertically of the sliding frames at their opposite sides and are secured thereto by screws 53. The outer edges of these strips 52, which carry the racks 51, fit in the guideways 18 of the frame 18, the opposite or inner faces of the sliding frame fitting' against the central portion 18" of the frame 18. To remove the sliding frames 'from the swinging frame when occasion requires, the screws 53 are withdrawn and the strips 52 and racks 51 lirst removed, which serves to free the sliding frame from the gnideways of the swinging frame and permits their removal. Likewise in assembling the parts the sliding frames are first placed in position in the frame 18 without the strips 52 and the latter afterward applied and secured to the frame by the screws In Figs. 6 and 7 a modified construction of the main frame of the window is illustrated, in which the rectangular main frame 35 is formed of wooden timbers whose outer corners are covered by angle-irons 36 to prevent warping of the frame.

ln Fig. 8 a wooden main frame is also shown in which the timbers composing it are entirely surrounded, excepting upon their sides facing the wimiow-opening, by a sheet-metal covering 37 to protect the timber from the dampness of the wall and prevent rotting.

In Fig. 9 the wooden main frame is shown composed of three timbers 38, 39, and 40, each tapering in cross-section, and the wall of the building is provided with a dovetailed recess to receive them. The outer timbers 38 and 40 are first placed in position and then locked therein by the middle timber 39, the latter being retained in place by metal plates 41, extending across the joints between it and the outer timbers and secured to them by screws. This construction permits the removal of the main frame fromvthe wall of the building by withdrawal of the middle locking-timber 39, if occasion requires.

In both Figs. 8 and 9 the stop-strips 21 are let into recesses in the timbers of the main frame and secured by screws 42.

Figs. 10, 11, and 12 illustrate our preferred construction and arrangement of the parts of the hinge or pivot of the swinging frame, as heretofore described, while Figs. 13, 14, and 15 illustrate modifications which may be employed, if desired. In Fig. 13 the socket 27, which is open in Fig. 10, is provided with a closing-piece 27 adapted to be secured to the body of the socket by screws 27 When this closed form of socket is employed, the screw 19 of Figs. 11 and 12 may be omitted and the tubular bearing 34 alone employed, or such bearing be made solid instead of tubular.

In Figs. 14 and 15 the socket 27 is shown of circular and permanently-closed form, in

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employing which the tubular bearing-piece 34 which we have illustrated and described the socket hasV been shown secured to or forming part of the main frame and the trunnion or pivot secured to the swinging frame, it is evident that the locations ofthese coperating parts of the hinge may be reversed and the socket placed upon the swinging frame and the trunnion upon the fixed frame. a `While we have shown ourY main metallic frame 5 as of channel or U form in crosssection, it is evident that it would be no departure from our invention to make said frame oftubularl form substantially rectangular in cross-section, and this frame, like the partingstrip above described, might be filled with any light stiffening material, preferably fireproof, to give rigidity to it and prevent its beingwarped or bent out of shape. l A Having thusfully describedour invention, weclaiml. Inv window construction for buildings, a main frame removably secured in position in the window-.opening in combination with a swinging frame pivoted at ornear its center `in said main frame, 'coperatingstop-strips upon the main and'swinging frames for effecting tight joints between them, said stop-strips on either sidel of the .pivots projecting unequal distances into the Window-opening and vertically-sliding glass-carrying frames'mounted l tially'as described.

in guideways in the'swinging frame, substan- 2. .In window construction for buildings, an outer Awooden casing or frame secured 1n pos1t1on 1n the W1ndow-open1ng,an independent metallic main frame fitting within sald outer l wooden frame or casing, and a retainingframe' also secured -within said outer casing and serving to hold themetallic framein place therein; substantially as described.

'3. In lwindow construction for buildings, a

main frame, a sashcarried thereby, a casing fitted to the space between lthe main frame and the Wall of thewindow-,opening and lying along the sides and outer face of lthe frame l;

and means for holding the main frame withinv the 'casing-frame, substantially as described.l

outer wooden casing or' frame of Iangularor L shape in cross-section, secured in position 4in the window-opening, a metallic main frame of channel or U shape'in cross-section iitting within said outer wooden frame or casing, and a retaining-frame also secured within said outer casing and serving to hold the metallic frame in place therein; substantially as described.

a 6. In combination in a window construction, a main frame, a casing, said mainframe being arranged adjustably within the casing and means for holdingthe main frame in place in the casing, substantially as described.

7. In combination in a window construction, a main frame, a sash carried thereby, a casing, within which the main: i"rame is adjustably mounted and means for yadjustably blocking up the main frame within the casing, substan-y tially as described. l g

18. In combination in a window construction, a rnain sash-carrying frame, a casing in which said main frame is movably iitted, said main kframe having a projecting foot and a strip or detachable bottomvmember thereof, and a retaining-frame for holding the frame in posif tion in the window-opening; substantially as l10. In window construction for buildings,VV anouter wooden casing or frame of angular or IOO Lshape in cross-section located in the winv dow-opening,the vertically-disposed member of the bottom of said frame being left detached lfrom the body of the frame, in combination with a metallic main frame of channel or U shape in cross-section fitting within said outer wooden frame and resting upon the detached bottom member thereof, and a retaining-frame secured infthe window-opening behind said main frame and serving to. hold it in position; substantially as described. e -11. In window construction for buildings, an'outer wooden casing or frame of angular or L-shape in cross-section fitted into the window-opening and having the vertically-disposed member of its bottom left detached from l the'body of the frame, in combination with a metallicV main frame of channel or U shape in cross-section located within said outer frame or casing and having thewall of its bottom j member bent outwardly to form a su pporting foot or bracket resting upon the detached ymember of the outer frame, and a retainingframe fitted into the window-opening behind said metallic frame and serving to secure the latter in'position; substantially as described. 12. In window construction Jfor buildings a removable supporting piece or timber disposed across the bottom of the window-opening, in combination with amain frame adjustably held Within the window-opening and resting upon said supporting piece or timber, and means for securing said main frame in position in the window-opening, substantially as described.

13. In window construction for buildings, a removable wooden supporting` piece or timber disposed horizontally7 across the bottom of the window-opening, in combination with a metallic main frame adj ustably held in the window-opening and resting upon said timber, and means for removably securing said main frame in position in the window-opening; substantially as described.

14. In Window construction for buildings, the combination of the outer wooden casing or frame comprising the top and bottom pieces 6 and 7, and side pieces 8, and'outer strips 9, in combination with the metallic main frame 5 located within said outer frame and resting upon the bottom member 9 thereof, and the retaining-frame 12 for securing'the frame 5 in place; substantially as described.

15. In window construction for buildings the outer Wooden frame or casing comprising the top and bottom pieces 6 and 7, and side pieces 8 and the front pieces 9, the bottom one of the latter being left detached from the bottom and side pieces 7, 8 of the frame, in combination with the metallic frame 5 having its bottom member' bent outward to form the foot lOresting upon the strip 9, and the retaining-frame 12 for holding the frame 5 in position; substantially as described.

16. In window construction for buildings, the combination of the side walls 2 and top and bottom walls 3, 4, of the window-opening, having the enlarged opening in their rear, the outer wooden frame or casing fitting in the enlarged opening in rear of said side and top and bottom walls and having its front members 9 abutting against the rear faces of said side and top and bottom walls, the metallic frame 5 of channel or U shape in cross-section located within said outer frame or casing and fitting against the rear faces of the top and bottom and side members 9 of said casing and resting upon the bottom member thereof, the retaining-frame 12 secured in the enlarged portion of the window-opening and fitting against the rear side of the metallic frame 5, and the finishing- strips 11 and 17 upon opposite sides of the frame 5; substantially as described.

17. In Window construction, with a windowopening enlarged at the rear, an L-shaped casing fitting in the said enlarged opening and abutting the shoulder formed by the wall about the reduced part of the opening, a main frame fitting in the casing and bearing upon both parts of the L-shaped casing and a retainingframe fitted against the main frame to hold the same within the casing, substantially as dcscribed.

13. In window construction for buildings, the combination of the side walls 2 and top and bottom walls 3 4 of the window-opening, having the enlarged opening in their rear, the outer wooden frame or casing fitting' in the enlarged opening in rear of' said side and top and bottom walls and having its front members 9 abutting against the rear faces of said side and top and bottom walls, the metallic frame 5 of channel 01 U shape in cross-section located within said outer frame or casing and fitting against the rear faces of the top and bottom and side members 9 of said casing and resting upon the bottom member thereof, the frame 12 secured in the enlarged portion of the window-opening and fitting against the rear side of the metallic frame 5, the finishing- strips 11 and 17 upon opposite sides of the frame 5, and the metal covering-strips13 and 15 applied to the retaining-frame 12; substantially as described.

19. In window construction for buildings, a main frame secured in position in the window-opening, a swinging frame pivoted at top and bottom in said main frame, cooperating tongued and grooved stop-strips upon the two frames for effecting tight joints between them, packing-strips interposed between the coperating 'stop strips, and vertically-sliding glass-carrying frames mounted in guideways in the swinging frame, substantially as described.

20. In combination, a main frame, a swinging frame pivotally mounted therein, a pair of balanced sliding sashes in the swinging frame and a casing fitting between the main frame and the Wall of the window-opening, substantially as described.

21. In window construction for buildings, the combination of a metallic frame having guideways therein for a pair of sashes, said guideways being formed by two end guidestrips and a central parting-strip, said end guide-strips and central parting-strip being formed of one piece of metal, and cach of said sashes having a strip removably secured to the exposed face thereof and extending into the guideways, to removably hold the sash therein substantially as described.

22. In combination in a window construction, a main frame having guideways, and a sash having a strip removably secured to the exposed face vthereof and extending into one of the said guideways, to removably hold the sash therein, substantially as described.

23. In combination in a window construction, a 4main frame having guideways, a sash having a strip removably secu red thereto and extending into the guideway and provided with teeth and a balancing-pinion meshing with said teeth.

24. In window construction for buildings,

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y -socket 27 secured to or formed upon one memv. Io

ber, the tubular bearing 34 iitting within said socket, and the screw 19 carried by the opposite member and screwed into said tubular bearing; substantially as described.

25. In window construction for buildings, the herein-described hinge, comprising the socket 27, secured to or formed upon one member, the tubular bearing 34 projecting from the opposite member and fitting in said socket, and the screw 19 passing through and threaded in said` tubular member and having a bearing-surface fitting a bearing formed in the member which carries the socket, substantially as described.

26. In window construction, the combination of a stationary frame'in the window-opening, a swinging glass-carrying frame pivoted in said stationary frame, guideways for the glass-carrying-sash frames in said swinging frame, said guideways being partially formed capable of being filled with suitable material,

pinions pivotally mounted in cut-out portions of said parting-strips and supported loosely on studs. carried entirely by said partingstrips, and racks upon the glass-carrying-sash frames with which said pinions engage.

28. In window construction for buildings, the combination of the Xed main frame, the socket-piece 27 thereon, the swinging frame 18,r the tubular bearing 34 projecting therefrom and fittingv inthe socket-.piece 27,

` and the screw 19 passed lthrough and threaded lin the tubular 'bearing 34 and having its eX- tremity projecting beyond said tubular bearing and shaped to enter and have afbearing in a hole in the frame 5; substantially as described.

29. In window construction for buildings, the .herein-described hinge comprising the socket 27 secured to or formed upon one member, and the. closing-cap 27a for said socket, lin combination withthe bearing 34 projecting ing from the opposite member, and the screw l9passing through and threaded in said tubular .bear-ing and having its extremity projecting beyond the same and shaped to enter and Y have a bearing in a hole in the member carrying the socket 27, substantially as described. v 31. In combination, an 4L-shaped casing, a`

taining strips on either side of the glass, one of which glass-retaining strips of each sash, has a rack attached thereto,`and bears against the end strip and projects farther into the guideway than does the other ,parts of the sashes, and the pinion v connecting the sashes lying partly behind the edge of the least projecting part of the sashes, substantially as described. l

BERNARD J. HAUSFELD. IEDMUND H. LUNKEN.

Witnesses:

EijwA'RD` PnoK, WM. J. Prion.

Images