US756051A - Steam-generator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 756,051. PATENTEDMAR. 29, 1904. M. H. PLUNKETT. STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 18, I903.

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STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY. 18, 1903.

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STEAM GENERATOR.

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- M. H. PLUNKBTT.

STEAM GENERATOR.

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No. 756,051. T PATENTED MAR. '29. 1904. M. H. PLUNKETT.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION EILED JULY 18, 1903.

R0 MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Patented March 29, 1904..

PATENT OFFICE.

MICHAEL H. FLUNKETT, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed uly 18, 1903.

T0 0/. whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MICHAEL H. PLUNKETT, a citizen of the-United States, residing at Baltimore city, inthe State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention. relates to water-tube boilers 1 or steam-generators intended'especiallyfor use with marine, engines, but at the same time applicable for use for stationary engines.

The object of the invention is to provide a l steam-generator of this class which shall contain straight tubes accessible for inspection,

cleaning, repairing, and replacing-from the I front in such a manner that the operation upon one tube will not disturb any other tube.

- A further object of the invention is to provide a steam-generator of this class with improved means whereby the water-tubes are permitted to expand and contract as the fur nace temperature varies without straining any joints or producing longitudinal stress ofthe tubes.

A further object of the invention is to generally improve the construction and increase the heating capacity of steam-generators of this class While maintaining simplicity and economy of construction.

With these objects in view the invention consists in a steam-generatonthe construction, arrangement, and combination of the parts of which will be first hereinafter fully described and afterward specifically claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, in which I have illustrated a steam-generator in which the objects of my invention are carried out,

Figure 1 represents a front elevation, a small portion being broken away to show parts in section and few of the openings in the front of the headers being shown with their screwplugs in them. Fig. 2 represents a vertical section taken on a plane cutting through the boiler from front to rear on the broken line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a vertical section taken one. plane cutting through the boiler from front to rear on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 represents a partial horizontal section taken on the plane indicated on the Patent No. 756,051, dated March-29, 1904.

flerial No. 166,110. (No model.)

line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a slightly-modified construction, in which Fig.1 '5 is a front elevation, the headers being straight instead of corrugated, and Fig. 6 isa through Fig. '5 from front to rear, as indicated by the broken line 6.

:parts in all the figures of the drawings.

dicates the grate-bars; 2, the furnace-chamber or fire-box; 3, the usual doors to afford access to the fire-box 2 and ash-pit 4E. v

7 '5 and 6 indicate transverse horizontal drums, technically termed mud-drums, and 7 and 8 transverse horizontal steam-drums in the upper part of the generator, 9 longitudinal pipes connecting the steam drums, and 10 blow-out pipes from the mud- drums 5 and 6.

The generator may be supported upo'n masonry, as at 11, or otherwise in any suitable manner, that portion of the construction forming no part of my invention. The mud- drums 5 and 6 may also be supported upon any suitable structure forming or surrounding the fire-box 2 and ash-pit 4.

The mud-drum 5 and steam-drum 7 are connected by vertical columns 12 at their ends at each side of the front of the generator, while similar vertical columns 13 at each side of the rear of the generator connect the mud-drum 6 with the steam-drum 8.

Leading in an upwardly-inclined direction from the front mud-drum 5 are a series of large pipes 14:, which pipes enter upright headers 15, which alternate in a series in the rear of and forming the rear wall of the furnace-chamber, while a similar series of pipes 16 lead upwardly and forwardly from the rear mud-drum 6 to headers 17, which alternate in a series located in and forming the front wall of the furnace-chamber. From the headers 15 extend forwardly and upwardly inclined water-tubes 18 into headers 19, which alternate with thefront headers in the front series of headers, which headers 19 extend from the mud-drum 5 to the steam-drum 7 are closed at the bottom, and communicate at the top with the steam-drum 7. i From the front head- In the construction herein illustrated, 1 invertical sectional view on a plane cutting Like numerals of reference mark the same I ers 17, which extend upwardly from the muddrum 5 and are closed at top and bottom, water-tubes 20 extend rearwardly and upwardly to headers 21, which alternate with the headers and in the series forming the rear wall of the fire-box, said headers 21 extending from the mud-drum 6 to the steam-drum 8 and being closed at the bottom and open at the top, communicating with said steam-drum 8. It will thus be seen that the water from the horizontal transverse steam-d rum 8 will pass down through the vertical columns 13 to the muddrum 6, from which it will be conveyed through the pipes 16 to headers 17, from thence by water-tubes and headers 21, and up again to the steam-drum 8, while in like manner the water from the steam-drum 7 passes down through columns 12- to drum 5, thence through pipes 14 to headers 15, thence through water-tubes 18 to headers 19, and, finally, back to the drum 7. It will also be seen that the alternating headers 17 and 19 in the front of the boiler are side by side in pairs, of which there are as many pairs as the width of the boiler will accommodate. The headers 17, as stated before, being closed at top and bottom are loosely mounted and rest at their lower ends on plates 22, mounted on the drum 5 and may extend, as shown, only part of the height of the headers 19 or the whole length thereof, the loose mounting of said headers permitting the whole series of water-tubes which connect therewith to expand and contract as the furnace temperature varies without danger of breaking any joints and causing leakage or other accidents. The headers 15 and 21 of the rear series also alternate in pairs, the headers 15 being similar in construction to headers 17 and resting loosely on plates 23, mounted on the top of mud-drum 6, so as in a similar manner to permit the expansion and contraction of its connected series of water-tubes without danger of breakage or damage. From Fig. 1 it will be observed that the headers have their sides corrugated in order that the different series of water-tubes may be staggered in order to prevent the formation of open vertical passages for the gases of combustion through the fire-box, thus baffiing said gases and utilizing the maximum of their heat by continued contact with the witter-tubes. The headers, both front and rear, are formed, as shown in Fig. 1, with openings 24 in their outer faces, through which the water-tubes may be removed for repairing or replacing, said openings being closed by means of screw-plugs, some of which are shown in Fig. 1 at 25. Like openings 26 are provided in the headers for the removal and replacement of pipes 14 and 16. Said openings may be closed in any desirable manneras, for instance, by screw-plugs 27. Suitable manholes or hand-holes may be provided for giving access to the drums, such openings being indicated in Fig. 1, and closed by suitable doors or plates, as at 28 and 29. The water from the mud- drums 5 and 6 is first heated in the pipes 1 1 and 16, which starts its circulation through the channels described, the steamdrums being the upper ends of the circulation and being connected by longitudinal drums or large pipes 9, as before set forth.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 I have illustrated the generator with the rear mud and steam drums, their connecting vertical pipes 13, the pipes leading from .the rear mud-drum to the front headers, the watertubes leading upward from the front to the rear headers, and the large pipes connecting the rear steam-drum with the front steamdrum omitted, the result being substantially one-half the mechanism illustrated in the other figures. In these views, Figs. 5 and 6, the firebox, grate-bars, doors, and blow-out pipes and the front mud-drum are of the same construction and are connected by the same referencenumerals; butin order to properly distinguish this construction from the other I have indicated the remaining parts by the same numerals used in the other figures with the exponent a added thereto, 1 indicating the grate-bars; 2, the furnace-chamber or fire-box; 3, the usual doors to afford access to the fire-box 2 and ashpit 4; 5, the front mud-drum; 7*, the front steam-drum; 10, the blow-out pipes from the mud-drum 5; '11, the masonry upon which the generator may be supported; 12, the vertical columns connecting the mud drum 5 and steam-drum 7 a at their ends; 1 1, the series of large pipes leading in an upwardly-inclined direction from the mud-drum 5 into upright headers 15 at the rear of the generator and forming the rear Wall thereof; 17 the front headers, which in this instance are all of'full length, and 18 represents upwardly-inclined Water-tubes leading from the headers 15 to the headers 17 The front headers 17* are supported upon the mud-drum 5, are closed at the bottom, and open into the steam-drum 7 a at the top, extensions thereof, as at 30, located in the steam-drum, serving to discharge the circulating steam and water in the steam-drum at about the water-level. The rear headers are free to move frontwardly or rearwardly with the contraction and expansion of the Water-tubes, and baflie- plates 31, 32, and 33 are provided to cause the products of combustion to take a zigzag course between the water-tubes and be discharged through an opening 34: into the uptake or smoke-stack. (Not shown.) The course of circulation is down from the steamdrum through the downtake-pipes to the muddrum, from the mud-drum to the rear headers by the pipes passing through the furnace in a rearwardly and upwardly inclined direction, from the rear headers to the front headers, water-tubes in a rearwardly and upwardly inclined direction, and from the front headers into the steam-drum. It will be observed that all the headers in the rear of the boiler are free to move under expansion and contraction at both ends, the front headers being open at the top and closed and free to move at the bottom. The lower row of pipes from the mud-drum to the rear headers are at a reverse angle to the upper rows of watertubes, so that the ascending currents will have free circulation upward. The lower row of pipes, which first receive the circulating water through the downtake-columns and muddrum, are subjected to the greatest heat, and thus the circulation cannot be cut oif, as is sometimes the case when the circulating water is first fed through tubes at the top instead at the bottom, which naturally are subjected to the least heat. The headers in Figs. 5 and 6 are shown straight, but may be corrugated, if desired, in order to give the tubes a staggered position.

Having thus fully describedmyinvention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

l. A steam-generator provided with a furnacechamber, a front mud-drum, an upper transverse front steam-drum, vertical columns directly connecting the mud-drum and steamdrnm at each end and serving as supports for the steam-drum, front headers resting on the mud-drum and discharging into the steamdrum, rear headers closed at top and bottom and free to move under expansion and contraction, upwardly-inclined large pipes connecting the mud-drum with the rear headers and upwardly-inclined water-tubes connecting the rear headers with the front headers, substantially, as described.

2. A steam-generator provided with a furnace-chamber, a front mud-drum, an upper transverse front steam-drum, vertical columns directly connecting the mud-drum and steamdrum at each end and serving as supports for the steam-drum, front headers resting upon the mud-drum and free to move under expansion and contraction at their lower ends, rear headers, upwardly-inclined large pipes connecting the mud-drum with the rear headers and upwardly-inclined water-tubes connecting the rear headers with the front headers, substantially as described.

3. A steam-generator, provided with a furnace-chamber and upper transverse front and rear steam-drums, in combination with a series of headers placed side by side and forming a wall of the furnace-chamber, each alternate header communicating at its upper end with a steam-drum, and the intermediate headers being closed-at their upper and lower ends and connections between the intermediate headers and the drum at the opposite end of the generator, substantially as described.

4:. A steam-generator, comprising a furnace-chamber, transverse upper front and rear steam drums and transverse lower muddrums, in combination with a series of vertical headers forming a wall of the furnacechamber, each alternate header being connected at its upper end to a steam-drum and disconnected at its lower end, the intermediate headers being closed at both their upper and lower ends and connections between the intermediate headers and the drum at the opposite end of the generator, substantially as described.

5. A steam-generator, comprising an upper steam-drum, a lower mud-drum, and a series of vertical headers in the plane of and between said drums forming a wall of said chamber, means for conveying water from the steamdrum direct to the mud-drum, a series of headers forming the opposite wall of the chamber, pipes communicating between the mud-drum and said opposite headers, water-tubes cominunicating between saidopposite headers and alternate headers of the first-mentioned series, and connections between said alternate headers and the steam-drum, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

Witnesses:-

S. BRASHEARS, IDA J. FORD.

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