US744881A - Explosive-engine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 744,881. v PATENTED NOV. 24, 1903.

H. SUHNLEIN.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 21 1901. RENEWED SEPT, 28. 1903.

. H0 MODEL.

TH: Nonms PETERS co. PHo'ro-uma. WASHINGTON. o. c.

no. 744 ,esi.

lUnirnn dramas Patented November 24, 190? HEINRICH soI-INLEIN, or WIESBADEN, GERMANY.

EXPLOSiVE=ENGBNE SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 744,881, dated November 24:, 1903..

Application filed May 21,1901. Renewed September 28, 1903A Serial No. 174,955. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HEINRICH SoHNLEIN, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at the city of Wiesbaden, in the German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Explosive-Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to figures of reference marked thereon, which forms a part of this specification.

This invention has relation to explosionengines, and more particularly to engines organized to admit a charge of explosive fluid to the explosion-chamber of the power-cylinder during the outstroke of the piston,to compress said charge during the instroke of said piston, and to explode the charge at or about at the completion of said instroke and known as two-cycle engines.

In explosion-engines as generally constructed there is, as is well known, a liability to premature ignition and explosion of the charge of explosive fluid admitted to the power-cylinder, either by contact With the overheated walls of the engine or piston or by direct ignition from remanent incandescent products of combustion, such premature explosion not only interfering very materially with the operation of the engine, but being also liable to result in damage to the operative elements thereof.

My invention has for its object the provision of means whereby these premature explosions are effectually avoided, and this I attain by introducing a charge of a practically nondgnitible gaseous fluid into the explosion-chamber of the power-cylinder in such a manner that the entering stream of gaseous fluid will be practically inclosed in an envelop of cold air, whereby the cylinderwalls are cooled and the entering gaseous fluid kept out of contact with the cylinderwalls and with the face of the piston,the admixture of the airand gas being effected by compression during the instroke of the piston; but that my invention may be fully understood I will describe the same in detail, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which I have illustrated a vertical engine embodying my invention by a vertical sectional view.

As shown in the drawing, the piston 17 divides the power-cylinder into two chambers namely, the pumping or suction and forcing chamber 15 and the explosion-chamber 16. About midway of its length the power-cylinder is provided with a circular row of exhaust-ports 9, opening into an annular exhaust-passage 19, in communication with an exhaust branch, to which is secured the exhaust-pipe 20. Immediately below the exhaust-ports 9 the power-cylinder has a circular row of air-inlet ports 12, opening into an annular passage 13, the air admitted to such passage being controlled by an inwardly opening spring-seated check-valve 14-. At its outer end the power-cylinder is provided with a second series ofair-inlet ports 8, in communication with an air-inlet branch 23, connected by a pipe 22 with an air-chamber 6, the admission of air to said chamber 23 being controlled by an inwardly-opening springseated valve 1. A short distance above the air-inlet ports 8 the power-cylinder is connected by a passage or pipe 18 with a gaschamber 5, the admission of gas to which is controlled by an inwardly-opening spring seated valve 2.

The admission of gas to the explosion-charm ber 16 of the power-cylinder is controlled by an inwardly-opening spring-seated valve i, while air from chamber 6 is admitted to said explosion-chamber through an annular passage 10 and controlled by a spring-seated valve 3, opening inwardly into said passage 10, which encompasses the gas-inlet port.

The tension of the springs for the valves 1, 2, 3, t, and 14 can be regulated by means of a nuton the valve-stems in a well-known manner and therethrough the flow of fluids controlled by said valves, as will be readily understood, and, as will be seen, the chambers 5 and 6 perform the function of receivers for gas and air, respectively.

I may here observe that in practice the ports controlled by the valves 3 and t are of the same cross-sectional areas and that the valves are held to their seats by equal pressures. 1 may also state that some or all of the valves may be actuated by any of the lIOO well-known mechanical appliances instead of operating automatically without departing from the principle and character of my invention.

The length of the piston 17 and the location of ports 12 are so chosen that the outer edge of said piston again uncovers ports 12 when it has nearly reached the end of its instroke. Inasmuch as a slight vacuum will be established in the pumping-chamber 15 by reason of the friction and resistance of the fluids in the passages and valves, atmospheric pressure will unseat Valve 14 and a certain quantity of air will flow into said pumping-chamber through ports 12, thereby also establishing atmospheric pressure in the pumping-chamber, and consequently neutralizing the effect of the noxious spaces.

The operation of the engine is as follows: In the drawing the piston 17 is shown at the limit of its power or out stroke, and as said piston makes itsinstroke the air-ports 8 are uncovered and a partial vacuum is established in the pumping-chamber 15, under which valve 1 opens to admit air to said chamber. As soon as the piston 17 uncovers port 7 a partial vacuum is established in gas-receiver 5, under which valve2 opens to admit gas to said receiver, and when the said piston reaches or is about to reach the limit of its instrokethe previously forcedand compressed charge of explosive fluid is ignitedand exploded by any well-known means-as, for instance, electrically or by a hot tubethe piston making its power or outstroke. At this moment the air-inlet valve 1 and the gas-supply valve 2 close under the stress of their springs, and as the piston 17 continues its outstroke a graduall-yin creasing compression is producedin the pumping-chamber l5, and consequently in pipe 18, gas-receiver 5, pipe 22, and air-receiver 6, the pressure in both receivers being substantially the same until piston 17 covers port 7, when further compression in gas-receiver 5 ceases, while the compression in the air-receiver increases until the piston has reached the limit of its power or outstroke. Before this takes place, however, the exhaust-ports 9 are uncovered and the products of combustion escape through ports 9 into annular passage 19 and through exhaust-pipe 20 into the atmosphere. The rapid exhaust of the products of combustion and their consequent inertia in the exhaust-pipe produce a partial vacuum in the explosion-chamber 16, and as the piston uncovers ports 12 said partial vacuum causes valve 13 to move olf its seat, thereby admitting air to the explosion-chamber 16 immediately above the inner face of piston 17. Owing to the greater pressure in air-receiver 6, the valve 3 is first unseated, and air from said receiver is admitted to the explosionchamber 15 of the power-cylinder at its upper end through the annular passage 10,

whereby the remaining products of combustion are swept out and the cylinder-walls and inner face of the piston provided with a lining of air, if I may so term it, into which, the gas is admitted or forced shortly after the air-valve 3 is unseated. Inasmuch as the receiver 5 contains practically pure gas, in View of the fact that but a comparatively small quantity of air flows into said receiver through pipe 18, the mixture as it flows into the explosion-chamber 16 is not yet an explosive one, and being surrounded on all sides by pure air a premature explosion is effectually precluded. As soon as the piston 17 starts on its instroke valves 3 and 4 close, ports 12 and 9 being successively covered, when compression of the charge of gas and air in the explosion-chamber 16 begins and continues until the piston reaches or is about to reach the limit of its instroke and whereby the gas and air are thoroughly mixed into a readilyexplosible compound, which is then ignited and exploded, the piston then making its outstroke.

Having thus described myinvention, what I declare as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. Inatwo-stroke-cyclegas-engine,the combination with the explosion-chamber of the cylinder, the piston, exhaust-ports, and airinlct ports near one end of said chamber and controlled by the piston; of means to admit at or substantially at the same time, gas and air into one end of said explosion-chamber and air into the opposite end thereof through the air-inlet ports and in front of the piston when it has reached or is about to reach the end of the second stroke of the cycle, substantially as set forth.

2. In a two-stroke-cycle gas-engine,the combination with the explosion-chamber of the cylinder, the piston, exhaust-ports and airinlet ports controlled by the piston; of means to admit at or substantially at the same time a stream of gas enveloped by air and also air at the opposite end of said chamber through the air-inlet ports and in front of the piston when it has completedor is about to complete its outstroke and simultaneously exhausting the products of combustion through the exhaust-ports during admission on one side of the column of products of combustion of the combined column of air and gas, and on the opposite side of air only, substantially as set forth.

3. In agas-engine, the combination with the cylinder and its piston, of means for storing air and gas separately during the outstroke of the piston, means for compressing the stored air and gas, means admitting the same separately under pressure to one end of the explosion-chamber of said cylinder, so that the gas will be enveloped by the air, at or before the beginning of the instroke of said piston, means admitting air at or about at the same time to the opposite end of said explo sion-chamber and means exhausting the products of combustion at or about at the same time from a point intermediate of the afore- Maser said points of admission, for the purpose set forth.

4. In ages-engine, the combination with the cylinder and its piston, of means for storing air and gas separately during the outstroke of the piston, means for compressing the stored air and gas and for compressing the air to a greater degree than the gas, means admitting the same separately under pres sure to one end of the explosion-chamber of said cylinder, so that the gas will be enveloped by the air, at or before the beginning of the instroke of said piston, means admitting air at or about at the same time to the opposite end of said explosion-chamber and means exhausting the products of combustion at or about at the same time from a point intermediate of the aforesaid points of admission, for the purpose set forth.

5. In agas-engine, the combination with the cylinder having a series of ports intermediate its ends, and the piston controlling said ports and dividing said cylinder into an explosion and a pumping chamber; of a gas and air receiver arranged to open into said explosionchamber and also connected with said pumping-chamber and arranged to be successively cut oil therefrom by the piston, whereby a greater compression is produced in the airreceiver than in the gas-receiver, for the purpose set forth.

6. In agas-engine, the combination with the cylinder provided with a series of ports intermediate its ends, and the piston controlling said ports and dividing the cylinder into an explosion and a pumping chamber; of a gas and air receiver arranged to open into said explosion-chamber and also connected to the pumping-chamber and arranged to be successively cut off from the cylinder by the piston, and valves controlling the admission of gas and air from their receivers to the 6X- plosion-chamber, for the purpose set forth.

7. In a gas-engine, the combination with the cylinder having exhaust-ports intermediate its ends and the piston controlling said ports and dividing the cylinder into explosion and pumping chambers; of gas and air receivers arranged to open into said explosion-chamber and also connected to said pumping-chamber and arranged to be successively cut oft from the cylinder by the piston, and equally-loaded valves controlling the admission of gas and air from their receivers to the explosionchamber, for the purpose set forth.

8. Inagas-engine,thecombination with the cylinder having exhaust-ports intermediate its ends, and the piston controlling said ports and dividing said cylinder into explosion and pumping chambers; of a gas and an air receiver arranged to open into said explosionchamber and also connected to said pumpingchamber and arranged to be successivel cut off therefrom by the piston and valves controlling the inlet of gas and air into the explosion-chamber, the air-inlet surrounding the gas-inlet, whereby the inflowing gas will be surrounded by air, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a two-stroke-cycle gas-engine, the combination with the explosion-chamber of the cylinder; of a gas-inlet port and an air-inlet port surrounding the gas-port and both opening directly into the cylinder, and automaticallyoperated valves to control said ports whereby the jet of gas is enveloped bya column of air and protected from the hot sides of the chamber during admission to prevent premature explosion, substantially as set forth.

10. In a two-stroke-cycle gas-engine, the combination with the explosion-chamber of the cylinder, a gas-inlet port and an air-inlet port concentric therewith both axially arranged atone end of said chamber, and independent automatically-actuated valves controlling the ports, whereby the gas will be surrounded and protected by an annular column of air during admission, substantially as set forth.

11. In a two-stroke-cycle gas-engine, the combination with the explosion-chamber of the cylinder; of a gas-inlet port and an airinlet port concentric therewith, both axially arranged at one end of said chamber, and independent automatically-actuated valves c0ntr lling the ports, the air-inlet valve to open before the gasport,substantially as described.

12. In a gas-engine, the combination with the cylinder having exhaust-ports intermediate its ends and the piston controlling said ports and dividing said cylinder into explosion and pumping chambers; of a gas and an air receiver arranged to open into said explosion chamber and also. connected to said pumping-chamber and arranged to be successively cut off from the latter by the piston, valves controlling the admission to the explosion-chamber of air and gas in the order named by reason of the excess of pressure in the airreceiver which is cut off from the pumpingchamber later than the gas-receiver, for the purpose set forth.

13. In a gas-engine, the combination with the cylinder having exhaust-ports intermediate its ends, air-inlet ports beyond said exhaust-ports and a valve controlling the admission of air to said inlet-ports, and the piston controlling both sets of ports and dividing the cylinder into explosion and pumping chambers; of an air and gas receiver provided with back pressure inlet-valves, both said receivers in communication with the explosionchamber, valves controlling ports for the admission of air and gas to said explosion-chamher, said ports arranged to deliver the gas enveloped by air and the gas protected from the piston by a stratum of air from the airports controlled by said piston, for the purpose set forth.

14. In a gas-engine, the combination with the cylinder having exhaust-ports intermediate its ends, air-inlet ports beyond said exhaust-ports, the piston controlling both sets of ports and dividing said cylinder into explosion and pumping chambers, means for admitting air through said ports to the explosion-chamber at or about at the completion of the outstroke of the piston by reason of the partial vacuum produced by the inertia of the exhausting products of combustion, and for admitting air to the pumping-chamber at or about at the completion of the instroke of said piston by reason of the partial vacuum produced in the last-named chamber; of an air and a gas receiver connected to said pumping-chamber and arranged to be successively cut off therefrom by the piston, valves con- HEINRICH soHNLEIN.

Witnesses:

TH. VOIGT, W. EIFERT.

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