US735058A - Brick-machine. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTBD AUG. 4, 1903.

T. BRIQKI MAG 'HINE.

APPLIGATI'JI'QK Hum MAY 19. 1902.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1,

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No. 735,058. PATENTED AUG. 4, 1903. T. M. BOGGS.

BRICK MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19- 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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No. 735,058. PATBNTED AUG. 4, 1903.

T. M. BOGGS.

BRICK MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19! 1902.

NO MODEL. I 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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PATENTED AUG. 4, 1903.

T. M. BOGGS.

BRICK MACHINE.

APPLICATION FLLEI) MAY 19. 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- NO MODEL 3 w/ VA THE NORRIS FUERS CO, PHOTO-LITNQ, WASHINGTON. D. C.

U. S ATES Patented August 4, 1963.

THADDEUS M. BOGGS, OF MONONGAHELA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BRICK-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 735,058, dated August 4, 1903.

Application filed May 19, 1902. Serial No. 108,020. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, THADDEUS M Boccs, a resident of Monongahela, in the county of Nashington and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Brick-Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

Myinvention relates to brick-machines, and more especially to machines for forming hollow brick or tile of a type wherein there is a vertically-movable plunger located above the mold. Machines of this character as heretofore constructed have been provided with a frame having cross-beams for supporting the mold-holder and having thereabove a verticallymovable cross-head carrying the plunger, which compresses the clay in the mold and forms the hole in the brick or tile. The mold is provided with movable bottom, and

underneath the mold-holder is placed a V91,

tically movable cross head carrying rods, which at the proper time raise the mold bottom to eject the brick or tile.

My machine does not differ in general construction from the type of machine so far described; but it differs therefrom in special features of construction, as will further appear.

Machines of this type as heretofore constructed have been provided with a wooden frame, and the driving-shaft and connected mechanism for actuating the cross-head which carries the mold-plunger have been located in the upper part of the frame above said crosshead. This construction subjects the frame to a large amount of vibration and has made necessary a stronger frame than would otherwise be the case.

One of the objects of myinvention is to overcome these defects, and to this end I construct the frame of commercial rolled iron and locate the driving-shaft and gearing for actuating the plunger-carrying cross-head in the bottom of the frame, thus reducing vibration and making a lighterframe possible and at the same time getting a more lasting construction of frame.

In prior machines also in case the driving mechanism is disconnected and the machine stopped with the plun ger-carryin g cross-head in its elevated position the weight of the lat ter is suflicient to cause it to descend, so that the workmen in trying-to get at the mold are liable to be caught by the descending plunger and cross-head. y

Another object of my invention is to overcome this defect and to provide means for holding the plunger-carrying cross-head at its elevated position, so that the workmen can get in above the mold with perfect safety. To this end I provide a suitable counterweight for the plunger-carrying cross-head, said counterweight preferably being connected to the cross-head by means of a walking-beam.

In prior machines of this type the plunger cross-head and the ejector cross-head have been connected to move in unison. As a consequence when the mold-bottom had been raised to its full height to eject the brick or tile it almost immediately began to descend, thus giving the workmen very little time to remove the brick or tile, clear away the clay adheringv to the mold, oil the same, and put in a fresh charge of clay.

A further object of my invention is to provide actuating mechanism for the ejector cross-head which will give it a dwell or pause at the upward limit of its movement, thus giving the workmen more time to remove the brick or tile, clean the clay from the mold, oil the latter, and insert a new charge of clay.

Further objects of myinvention are to improve machines of this character in various details of construction to produce a more useful and efficient machine, such details comprising means for driving the same at various speeds-as, for instance, at higher speeds when making small brick or tile and at lower speeds when making larger ones; providing mechanism for conveying away the punchedout clay cores; providing means for healing both the mold and plunger, so as to insure a. better molding of the clay and prevent the same sticking to either the mold or plunger; providing adjustable cross beams for the mold-holder, so as to accommodate-various sizes of molds and mold-holders or so that two or more molds may be operated simultaneously, and providing adjustable guides and gibs for taking up wear of the plunger crosshead and bring the plunger into true vertical position, so that it will move perfectly true and in alinement with the mold.

In the accompanying drawings,Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the plunger crosshead on an enlarged scale. Fig. 5 is a side View of the same. Fig. 6 is an end view of the same. Fig. 7 is an enlarged View of the plunger, partly in section. Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8 8, Fig. 3; and Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section through one of the moldholder cross-beams.

My machine is provided with a frame which in general construction need not differ from old forms of frames, except that it is built entirely of iron. As shown, said frame comprises the base-beams 1, which preferably are of some rolled flanged shape, such as the I- beams shown, and which are supported upon suitable masonry or other supports 2, providing a pit therebetween. Projecting upwardly from each of these base-beams are two guide-standards 4,also formed of some flanged shape, such as the I-beams shown, and a rear standard 5, which preferably will be a channel-bar or other suitable shape. The rear uprights 5 are secured to the base-beams 1, preferably by being riveted thereto, while the front uprights 4are secured to the base-beams by means of the connecting angle-pieces 6. The uprights 4 and 5 on each side are connected at the top by means of a transverse beam 7, which is shown as a rolled I-beam, although it may be a channel or similar shape. The transverse beams 7 are secured to the uprights in any suitable way-as, for instance, by'being riveted to one of the flanges of the rear uprights 5 and resting upon the uprights 4 and secured thereto by the connecting-plates 8. A base-beam 1, two front uprights 4, a rear upright 5, and a top beam 7 constitute a side frame, and the two side frames are exactly identical and are united by suitable transverse memberssuch, for instance, as the tie-rods passing through bracingtubes 10, interposed between the side frames. Any other convenient cross connections, however, might be employed.

The driving mechanism is mounted entirely in the base of the machine, and it comprises a shaft 12, mounted in bearings secured to the lower sides of the base-beams 1, said shaft being provided with variable-speed mechanism for driving the same, such as the stepped belt-pulleys 13, and being also provided with a pinion 14, which meshes with a gear on another transverse shaft 16, similarly mounted on the base-beams. The shaft 16 is provided with a pinion 17, which meshes with a gear 18 on one end of the main shaft 19. The latter is mounted in bearings secured to the lower side of the base-beams and extends entirely across the machine and is provided on its opposite end with a gear-wheel 20 of the same size as the gear-wheel 18. The wheels 18 and 20 are provided with crankpins 21, to which are connected the lower ends of connecting-rods 22, the upper ends of which are connected to journal-pins 23 in the ends of the plunger-carrying cross-head 24. The latter is guided in ways formed by the front uprights 4 4 and carries the mold-plunger 25, which projects downwardly and cooperates with a mold held below the crosshead 24. The ways for the cross-head 24 are formed by guide-pieces 26, which are bolted or otherwise secured to the inner faces of the uprights 4 4. By making these guides separate from the uprights they can be accurately machined so as to provide an absolutely parallel way for the cross-head. These guides 26 have main bearing-faces 27 and side bearing-faces 28, the latter also being accurately machined. Secured to the sides of the crosshead, near each end thereof, are guides 29, which bear against the side faces 28 of the guides 26. These guides 29 are adjustable, so that they can be brought close against the side faces 28 of the stationary guides. This adjustment may be secured in any suitable way. Preferably guides are provided, with slots through which pass bolts 30 for securing the guides in place, and behind said guides are ears 32, provided with screw-tapped holes through which pass the adjusting-screws 33, which bear against the guides 29 and move them into position. The ears 32 preferably are formed of separate steel blocks provided with a shank set in an opening in the crosshead and secured therein by a set-screw 34. By means of the adjustable guides 29 the cross-head can be shifted slightly sidewise, so as to bring the plunger into exact alinement with the axis of the mold. Sidewise movement of the cross-head when moving up and down is prevented by these guides, and all wear can be taken up thereby. The ends of the cross-head are reduced in width, as shown in Fig. 4, and on each face of this reduced portion is provided a Wearing shoe or guide which bears against the faces 27 of the oppositely-located guides 26. The wearingshoe 36 on one side of the cross-head is provided with two ears 37, one at the top and one at the bottom, having elongated holes for receiving the bolts 38, whereby the shoe is secured to the cross-head. Ordinarily this shoe is not adjusted; but, if desired, it may be adjusted by placing shims or liners behind the same, the elongated holes allowing for this. The opposite face of the cross-head isinclined, as shown at 39, and the wearing shoe or guide cooperating therewith is formed as a wedge 40, having a straight outer face and a tapered inner face cooperating with the inclined face of thecross-head. Thisguideorshoeis provided with an inwardly-projecting arm 41, having a slot 42 for receiving the adjusting-bolt 43, said adjusting-bolt being provided with collars both above and below the arm 41, so that by turning the bolt the shoe can be drawn up or down, thus securing a close fit of the cross-head in the ways 26 and taking up any wear that may occur. To prevent the crosshead from dropping by gravity when the machine is stopped, I connect thereto a suitable counterweight, and this preferably is done by connecting to the cross-head links 45, the upper ends of which are connected to the forward end of a lever or walking-beam 46. The latter is secured on a suitable cross-shaft 47, journaled in bearings secured to the top beams 7, and at its rear end said leveris provided with an adjustable weight 49, so that the plunger-carrying cross-head can be accurately counterbalanced, and when the machine is stopped with the plunger cross-head in its elevated position the workmen can safely get between the same and the mold without fear of having the cross-head descend and injure them.

The mold is shown at 50, and it may be of any preferred form of tubular mold provided with a movable bottom 51. The mold and its bottom rest upon the mold holder or plate 52, which is provided with an openingin line with a central opening formed in the bottom of the mold. The mold may be held on the mold-holder by any suitable means, and as this forms no part of my invention further description is unnecessary. The mold-holder 52 is secured to the cross beams 54, which are two in number and which in turn are supported upon the transverse beams 55, resting upon brackets 56, secured to the uprights l. The cross beams 54 are provided on their lower faces with lugs 57, hearing against the inner faces of the transverse beams 55 and are clamped to said beams by means of the angle clamps 5S and bolts 59, so that said cross-beams may be adjusted along the beams 55 and securedin any desired place, thus enabling mold-holders of various sizes to be employed or permitting two or more mold-holders being supported on the transverse beams 55. Each of the beams 54 is provided at each end with an undercut slot 60, in which are held the T-headed bolts 61, which secure the mold-holder to said beams. These slots and T-headed bolts permit mold-holders of various sizes to be attached to the beams.

In order to secure a better molding of the clay and prevent it adhering to the mold or plunger, I provide means for heating both the mold and the plunger. The plunger 25 is secured to the cross-head 24 by means of a bolt 64:, and formed either integral with said plunger or surrounding the upper end thereof is a casting 65, which is cored out, as shown at 66, and provided with a steam-inlet 67 and steam-outlet 68, so that steam or other hot fluid can be passed through the casting to heat the same, which heat will be communicated by conduction to the plunger itself. The mold 50 is heated by providing the crossbeams 54 with cored-out chambers 68, provided with a steam-inlet 69 and steam-outlet 70, so that steam can be passed through said beams, thus heating the same, which heat is communicated by conduction to the moldholder 52 and thence to the mold. In this manner sufiicient heat can be imparted to both the mold and the moldplunger to prevent the clay from sticking thereto and to secure a better forming of the clay.

Connected to the movable bottom 51 of the mold are a pair of ejector-rods 74, which project downwardly and have their lower ends lying in the path of a vertically-moving crosshead 75. This cross-head is connected at its ends to slide-boxes 76, moving in channelshaped guideways 77, secured to the basebeams 1 and uprights 4. The slide-boxes 76 are provided with rollers 78, which rest upon cams or eccentrics 79 on the main shaft 19. Although eccentrics may be used for this purpose, I prefer to use cams, such as shown in Fig. 2, so shaped that the mold-bottom will be raised to eject the brick or tile, then permitted to have a pause or dwell, and its downward movement being rapid. As the plunger 25 is moved by means of cranks on the main drive-shaft, its up-and-down movement is fairly uniform, having, of course, a slight dwell or pause both at its upper and lower limits. The cams 79, however, give a longer dwell at the upward limit of their movement and a more rapid descent, thus working entirely in synohronism with the,

mold-plunger, but giving the long dwell to the mold-bottom at the upper limit of its movement, so as to give the workmen time to remove the brick or tile, clean the clay from the mold and plunger, oil the same, and insert a new charge of clay. v

On the main shaft 19 I secure a flanged roller 81, over which passes a suitable belt conveyer 82, provided with cross-slats 83, this belt conveyer passing over a flanged guideroller 8e, journaled in bearings secured'to the rear standards 5, and under another guideroller 85, journaled in the base-frame. The inner end of this conveyer is in position to receive the clay cores which are punched out by the mold-plunger and convey them away and deposit them in a suitable barrow, car, or other receptacle placed behind the machine.

The frame of the machine, it will be seen, is constructed entirely of commercial rolled steel, thus making a cheap construction and one that is very enduring. The driving mechanism is located entirely in the base of the frame, thus relieving the frame of vibrations and making a lighter frame possible. The plunger cross-head is provided with adjustable guides, so as to bring the plunger into exact alinement with the mold and insure the plunger moving accurately up and down. The cross-head, furthermore, is counterbalanced, as described, so thatwhen the machine is stopped with the cross-head in its elevated position it cannot descend by its own weight.

The tile-ejecting mechanism being actuated cleaning the mold and plunger, oiling the same, and inserting a new charge of clay, while the heating of the mold and plunger will, to a large extent, prevent the clay from sticking thereto. The mold-holder is supported by means of adjustable cross-beams, so that mold-holders of various sizes can be used or more than a single mold-holder applied, if desired. The machine can be driven at various speeds, depending upon the size of the bricks or tiles being made, and the punched-out clay cores are conveyed away automatically, so that hand labor for this purpose is dispensed with.

What I claim is- 1. A frame for a brick-machine comprising two side frames each comprising a base-beam, two front uprights and one rear upright, connecting members between said uprights and base-beams, top beams, connecting members between the same and the uprights, said uprights, base, and top beams being composed of rolled flanged metal shapes, and cross-connecting tie-rods for said side frames.

2. In abrick-machine,the combination with a frame, of a mold-holder and mold, a verticallymovable plunger located above said mold-holder and mold, a power-shaft, verticallymovable connectingrods from said power-shaft to said plunger for positively movingitboth up and down, and a counterbalance connected to said plunger.

3. In abrick-machine,the combination with a frame, of a mold-holder and mold, a vertically-movable cross-head carrying a plunger cooperating with the mold, a power-shaft,vertically-movable connecting rods from said power-shaft to said cross-head for positively moving the latter both up and down,-a walking-beam connected to said cross-head, and a counterbalance on said beam.

4. Inabrick-machine,the combination with a frame, of cross-beams, means for securing the same to the frame to permit lateral adjustment, and a mold-holder secured to said cross-beams.

5. In abrick-machine,the combination with aframe, of cross-beams therein provided with slots, and a mold-holder secured to said crossbeams by means of bolts seated in said slots.

6. In a brick-machine,the combination with a frame, of cross-beams secured thereto to permit lateral adjustment, said cross-beams being provided with slots, and a mold-holder secured to said cross-beams by bolts seated in said slots.

7. In a brick-machine,the combination with a frame, of cross-beams secured thereto to permit lateral adjustment, a mold carried by said cross-beams, said cross-beams being hollow, and steam connections thereto whereby steam may be passed therethrough to heat the mold.

8. In abrick-machine,the combination with a mold, of a cylindrical plunger cooperating therewith, an enlarged connterbored casting on the base of said plunger, and steam connections to said casting whereby steam maybe passed through the same to heat the plunger.

9. In a brick-machine,the combination with a frame comprising four uprights, two such uprights being located on each side of the machine, guide-rails secured on said uprights on the sides of each which face each other, and a cross-head moving between said guiderails and projecting beyond said uprights.

10. In a brick-machine, the combination with a frame, of vertical guides thereon, a cross-head moving on said guides, and adjustable plates or gibs secured to said crosshead and bearing against said guides.

11. In a brick-machine, the combination with a frame, of vertical guideways thereon, a cross-head moving in said guideways, and shoes adjnstably secured to said cross-head and bearing against the inner faces of said guides.

12. In a brick-machine, the combination with a frame, vertical guideways therein, a cross-head moving in said guideways, said cross-head having a tapered face on one side thereof, a tapered guide-plate cooperating with said tapered face, and means for adjust ably securing the same to the cross-head.

13. In a machine for making hollow brick or tile, the combination with a mold having a hole in its bottom of less width than the internal Width of said mold, of a plunger adapted to enter said mold, said plunger being of lesswidth than the internal Width of said mold, means for actuating said plunger, and a conveyer having one end located underneath the mold and leading beyond the machine.

14. In a brick-machine, the combination with a mold, of a plunger cooperating therewith to produce a hollow brick or tile, a driveshaft located underneath the mold, connections from the same to the plunger for actuating the same, a drum on said shaft, and a -belt conveyer passing over said drum and leading outside of the machine.

In testimony whereof I, the said THADDEUS M. BOGGS, have hereunto set my hand.

THADDEUS M. BOGGS.

Witnesses:

Bnssn B. COLVIN, GEO. T. LINN.

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