US71742A - Improved apparatus for making paper articles - Google Patents

Description

Wein emes: 71 WMM i a i TATE Afrnrrr @Fr-IGEL HARRISON GRAMBO, OF PHLADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MAKING` PAPER ARTICLES:`

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 7 1,742, dated December 3, 1867.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LHARRISON GRAMBO, of the city and county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have made a certain new and useful Device for Manufacturing Articles from Paper-Pulp; and I do hereby declare the following to be a clear and exact description of the nature thereof, sufficient to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to fully understand. and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making' part of this specification, in which- Figures l and 2 are side views of the device illustrating.;` `my invention. Fig. 3 is a plan or top view thereof. Fig. 4 is a central vertical section of the former and the parts immediately connected therewith. Fig. 5 is a central transverse vertical section of the blocking mechanism.

Similar letters of reference indicatelcorrespending parts in the several figures.

My invention has for its object a device for making 'various articles from paper-pulp by continuous operations; and consists, first, in means for preparing the pulp and feeding it to a former; second, in a novel and peculiar former; third, in the blocking mechanism; fourth, in the flocking device; fifth, in the hollow drying v and finishing cylinder, and, in connection therewith, the various gearing and parts necessary for the proper operation of the device, as. will be hereinafter more fully described.

In the drawings, A represents the foundation or bed-frame, from one end of which rise standards or legs B, supporting a vat, tub, or hopper, C, of ordinary form and construction.

Within the vat are arms a, secured to a re volving shaft, b, whose lower bearing is in the bottom of the vat, and its upper bearing in a cross-piece, c, resting on the vat. The upper end of said shaft has secured to it a bevel-gear, d, meshing with a similar wheel, d', on a horizontal shaft, e, which is supported i Lon ears f, resting on the cross-piece c, and having a pulley, y, at lts outer end, by which motion is communicated tothe arms a through the medium of belts or bands passing around a pulley, g', secured to a shaft, h, which is` mounted on the legs B, and has on its opposite end a pulley, g, receiving motion from a pulley, g, secured to the driving-shaft D at the opposite end of the bed-frame A.

An eccentric, h', is mounted on the shaft lz., between the pulley g and the leg B, and carries a yoke, hf', which has a series of projecting arms, to one of which is pivoted a vertical rod, c', whose upper end is pivoted to a bell-crank, fi', secured to the vat C. A horizontal rod or shaft, fl, is pivoted to the other end of the bell-crank, and also to one end of an interlacer, E.

F represents a suction and force pump, suitably supported on the bed-frame A, whose valve-rod j is operated bythe yoke h" of the eccentric h'.

k k are pipes or tubes, one of which, k, communicates with the vat A, and the other, k', with the agitator and feed-box G, which is mounted and secured above the interlacer E. The box G consists of a suitable receptacle or chamber having a central sliding partition, which is raised and lowered by means of a set-screw, A', and divides the box into two compartments, in one of which is an agitator, l, mounted in the sides of the box. The other compartment is unoccupied, and has at its upper end a nose, spout, or lip, l', which hangs over the interlacer. The tw`o compartments communicate. The partition is of smaller size than the depth of the box Gr, and limits the flow or feed of pulp to the interlacer.

Power is communicated to the agitator l by means of a pulley, gm', on its shaft, by any suitable attachment.

The interlacer E consists of a pan or tray` of gauze or network having one end pivoted to a frame-work, l, which is supported on a shaft, on', bearing a revolving frame or wheel, H, and resting 011 standards B', rising on the bed-frame A.

The pivoted end of the interlacer has a projecting arm, c', by which it receives its motion through the medium of the horizontal shaft i and bell-crank li. The opposite end of the interlacer has a circular opening, a, through which protrudes a crankshaft or windlass, n', mounted 011 an ear or lug, n", secured to the vat, or otherwise. From the lower end of this shaft is suspended the former I, of conical form, whose base is at the lower side upper arms, o', of which limit the play of thel interlacer, and the lower ones, o", carry ringsor frames J I( represents a iiexible former of the form.

of an inverted truncated cone, whose widest part, corresponding to the base, is rmly secured between the rings J. The truncated end is below, and has secured to it cords p p, which pass through perforations in the arms o o', and have their other ends connected to the windlass a', whereby the truncated end can be contracted and expanded when desired.

H is a revolving frame or ring, consisting of two disks',`mounted on the shaft m of the standard B', and carries the blocking` mechanism L, which is pivoted between the disks, Figs. 1 and 5.

The blocking mechanism consists of au open box or frame, L', at the bottom of which is a gauze former, M, for the article to be made, and, in the present case, is of the form of a hat.

' N is the block, made in sections, and corresponding in size and shape with .the former M. The sections slide within the box, and are adapted to readily open `and close.

The blocking mechanism or blocker has gudgeons p mounted on boxes secured to the disks of the frame H, and freely rotating thereon.

The -top and bottom of one side of the box L have projections .mt-f, extendn g partly across the width of the box.

From one side of the standard B' there rises a right-angular arm, q, having a notch, q.

When the wheel is in motion and'theblocker reaches the arm the lower projection strikes it and causes the blocker to make a quarterrevolution, when the upper projection will enter the notch and cause a similar revolution. It will be noticed that the gauze side of the box L is now on the upper or top side. Suitable or correspox'iding mechanism is likewise arranged to cause the box to return to its normal position.

O is a pump or bellows, which is supported from the frame-work L, and is arranged relative to the position of the blocker L in the revolving wheel H.

N represents the mold or block cylinder, which is hollow, and having on its upper face a series of openings, r, which receive metallic molds ,of the shape, pattern, or fashion of the hat or article intended. to be admitted into this cylinder in any .proper manner. j

The lower face has a circular rack, which is operated by a revolving toothed segment, P, secured to the main or driving shaft D, whose bearings are on the bed-frame or foundation A. The cylinder has thus imparted to it an intermittent motion, and is supported on friction- Steam or hot air is rollers and held by guides t, whereby it is iirmly and evenly guided during rotation.

R. represents a frame rising from the foundation A, having a series of set-screws, S, arranged in -semicular form over the'l cylinder N and in line therewith, and having swiveled arms u, carrying cani-rollers T, which are intended to bear against the hat or article made while resting in the molds in the openings 1'.

From a proper portion of the frame-work l" there projects the ,flocking device U, consisting of a receiver having a gauze or sieve bottom, against which bears arevolving brush, V. The flocking, consisting of ground shoddy or other suitable material, is placed within the receiver, and a swift motion is imparted to the brush, so as to force and sift or powder the unfinished hat beneath it.

The parts heretoforel described may be variously arranged and constructed, and may:l have power applied in the best manner-possible other than stated, and I therefore do not Vlimit myself to what is shown.

The operation is as follows: The pulp is first placed within the vat C, and subjected to seating and agitation by the arms c, which revolve at ordinary speed. The pump F,vnow being in operation, will suck or draw the pulp from the vat C into the boxG through the pipes 7s lc. The pulp will-enter the box G in the compartment over the agitator I, and be subjected to the swift revolutions ,of said agitator, whereby the pulp becomes smooth and uniform in consistency.

The central partition in the box leaves an opening atthe bottom, whereby the two cornpartments communicate and allow the prepared pulp to enter the unoccupied compart ment. The continual supply thereto will raise the quantity in the compartment,` so as to overflow and be discharged by the lip or spout L on the interlacer. A reciprocating mot-ion is imparted to t-he interlaeerby means of the rods t' and fi" and bell-crank t" and the eccentric h on shaft h. f ihis shakingmotion causes all superfluous water to flow through the meshes of the gauze bottom of the interlacer, and to move or feed the pulp to theopening a, at the free end of the interlacer.

The pulp llows in a sheet through the opening and around the cone I, whence it is separated and assumes the form of a tube or cylinder, and continues in this form through the flexible formerK. The bottom of this former is previously expanded to the size ofthe brim of the hat to be formed by means ofthe cords 1) and the windlass u.

So soon as a portion of the pulp tube or cylinder has passed the bottom of the former K, this bottom is contracted so as to reduce in diameter the subsequent portions of they tube, and thereby form the brim and body ot' the hat; and when a further quantity, equal to the height of the hat, shall have passed through the former K its bottom is entirely closed, so as to cut oft the supply, and thus form the top of the hat. The bottom is immediately to -be expanded, ready for the repetition of the same process as above.

The Windlass a and cords p are the operating mediums for the various manipulations of the iexible former.

Theblocks N being opened, the rough hat, as formed, now drops on the gauze former M, and the blocks N close thereon. The wheel L, revolving, will carry the blocker L to the arm q, which, with its notch q', will cause the blocker to make a half-turn and present the gauze bottom uppermost, which is then carried under the pump O, when a blast of air being directed against said bottom will blow `or force oft' the hat from the gauze former M,

whence it will drop into the iron molds in the openin gs r in the dryin g-cylinder N, into which steam or hot air has been previously admitted.

A series of blockers, L, will be placed on the wheel H, and always receive the hat as it falls from the iiexible former K. The blockers L will continue moving with the wheel and be again turned, and the blocks N opened to receive in their turn the hat intended for it.

The intermittent motion imparted to the cylinder N by the segment P will bring one of the openings 0' under the air-pump every time that one of the blocks L reaches the same spot. Anintermittent motion is likewise imparted to the wheel H by the pylinder N, or in any other suitable manner.

The hats now resting in the molds in the openings r will gradually dry, during which they will be subjected to the pressure of the rollers T of the set screws S, and thus be brought into the proper shape or form.

After leaving the series of rollers the hats are withdrawn, and are then ready for trimming, binding, and tinishing.

Should it be desired to produce a hat cov ered with Hocking, or felted, the various processes heretofore described are necessary, exceptin g the overturning of the blocker by the arms q and notch q.

When the blocker arrives under the iiocker U the blocks N are opened, and the brush V revolves at arapid rate. The flocking is forced through the sieve-bottom of the receiver U, and is sitted and powdered or showered over the hat, which, being moist, allows the shoddy or flocking to adhere to it. The hat thus prepared is then carried under the air-pump, and, the blocker being meanwhile turned, the'hat is blown off and into the drying-cylinder, as has been explained in the previous operation.

It is necessary that the metallic molds in the cylinder should have placed Within them an elastic bag, which shall rest on the hat. A rigid plate is then passed over the bag, and the whole subjected to the pressure of the camrollers. These rollers may be geared so as to have continuous motion, and thus make a uniform pressure.

It is intended that the cam-rollers shall exert the greatest pressure at the middle of the rigid plate.

The setscrews allowthe ready adjustment of the pressure-rollers to any desired degree. These rollers shall press lightly at one end of the series, and -gradually increase as the molds advance with the cylinder.

The swivel-arms allow the rollers to be placed in line with the curvature of the cylinder. By these means the hat or other article is forced into every part of its mold, and therefore obtains its full and perfect form.

The various parts may be differently arranged, and the power be communicated in any suitable manner other than that described. I therefore do not limit myself thereto, nor to the material, for wood and metal will be enr- Vployed, as is found expedient. V

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters.

Patent, is-

1. Forming articles from paper-pulp complete by continuous operations, substantially as described.

2. The feed and agitator box G, substantially' as described, for the purpose specified.

3. The interlacer E, substantially as dcscribed, for the purpose specified.

4. The cone I and flexible former K, substantially as described, `for the purpose specified.

5. The cords p and windlass a', or equivalents, in combination with the former K I,

substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

6. The blocking mechanism L M N, substantially as described, for the purpose speciied.

7. The drying and pressing cylinder N', in combination with the blocking mechanism L and blast apparatus 0, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

8. The flocking device UV, substantially as .as described, for the purpose specified.

9. The series of setscrcws S, arranged in circular form, carrying ca1n-rollers T on swivelarms a, for the purpose substantially as de scribed.

10. The combination and arrangement of the various devices and parts herein described, or their equivalents, operating in the manner and for lthe purpose substantially as described.

To the above I have signed my name this 4th day of October, 1867.

HARRISON GRAMBO.

Witnesses JOHN A. Wrnnnnsnnnu, J W. HAMPTON, Jr.

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