US707565A - Rendering apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

INVE%0H Patented Aug. 26,1902,

E, R, EDSON. RENDERING APPARATUS.

(Applicatiqn led Oct. 19, 1901.)

(No Model.)`

w/mssfs g A. A 770MB YJ THE NOHRIS PETERS C0, PHOTO-LITNO.. WlSHlNGTGN, 0.12.

'on line II II, Fig. I.

UNTTE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE R. VEDSON, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

RENDERING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 707,565, dated August 26, 1902.

Application filed October' 19, 1901. Serial No. 79,200. (No model.)

.To all whom, it 77u07/ concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE R. EDSON, a resident of Cleveland, in the county of Cuya-V hoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reducing or Rendering Apparatus; andI do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, `and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus suitable for use in the production of oil and fertilizer from fish, iish waste, and other oil-yieldable1naterial,and pertains more particularly to apparatus not only suitable for extracting oil from the said material by the treatment of the material with a volatile solvent-such, for instance, as naphtha-but especially well adapted for eliminating from the mass all traces of naphtha, gases, noxious odors, and moisture after draining or removing the extracted oil and the solvent mixed with the said oil from the mass, so as to render the residue suitable for use as a desirable fertilizer.

The primary object of this invention is to provide apparatus capable of more efficiently and more speedily reducing material of the character indicated. Y

I/Vith this general object in view and to realize other advantages hereinafter appearing the invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is a side elevation, largely in central vertical section, of apparatus embodying my inven-k Fig. Ilis a horizontal section in detail Fig. III is a horizontall tion.

section in detail on line III III, Fig. I. Fig. IV is a vertical section in detail on line IV IV, Fig. I, looking outwardly. Fig.'V is. a vertical section in detail on line V V, Fig. I, looking outwardly. Fig. VI is a horizontal section in detail on line VI VI, Fig. I. Fig. VII is a section in detailon line VII VII, Fig. I. Fig. VIII is a vertical section in detail hereinafter described. The detail illustrations are on a somewhat larger scale than Fig. I.

Referring to the drawings, a designates a normally closed tank or receptacle which is cylindrical and provided at the top and one side with a charging-aperture 15, at which the material which is to be treated within the said receptacle is introduced into the receptacle.

The aperture 15 is normally closed by a suitably-applied cover 16. The receptacle c. is provided at the bottom and centrally with a downwardly-extending tube or duct 17, arranged to discharge downwardly, and the bott tom 18 of the chamber of the receptacle deelines toward the outlet-forming duct, so as to facilitate the flow of oil extracted from material treated within thereceptacle to the said outlet and to equally facilitate the discharge of the residue.

The receptacle a is externally provided with a heating-jacket b, which extends in under the said receptacle and around the duct 17. A valved pipe 2O is arranged to supply steam or other heating fluid to the chamber of the jacket b and has its valve 21 normally closed. A valved drain-pipe 22'extends from the lower end of the jacket and has its valve 23 normall y closed. vrThe duct 17 is normally closed at its lower and discharging end by a door c, which is hinged at one side of the said duct, as at 25, to any stationary object-such, for instance, as the casing of the jacket h. The door cat the opposite side of the duct 17 has an arm 27, which in the closed and normal position of the said door has its under side isnugly overlapped by a tiltable latch d,whicl1 is pivoted, as at 28, to any stationary object-such, for instance, as the casing of the jacket b. Obviously, therefore, a tilting or swinging of the latch d in the direction and to the extent required to disengage itfrom the door-arm 27 will render the door c free to be swung open.

A pipe e forsupplying the naphtha or solvent to thechamber of the receptacle c is ar- IOO carries the valve 30. The said pipe f and its component parts are shown very clearly in Fig. VIII. The outer pipe-section 32 is supported from a bracket 34, which is rigid with and depends from the casing of the jacket b. The inner pipe-section 31 has its inner end secured in any approved manner to the door c and is in open relation with the chamber of the receptacle a through the medium of the duct 17. The oil which is extracted from the material treated within the receptacle a gravitates to the bottom of the said receptacle and flows adown the latter' into the duct 17 and thence to the drain-pipe f, and the door c is dished upon its inner side, as at 35, to facilitate the iiow of oil to the said pipe f. It is obvious, of course, that the union 33 should be manipulated as required to disconnect the pipe-sections 3l and 32 of the drain-pipe f before the door cis unlatched and opened. 'lhe receptacle ct is provided at its upper end with a vapor-conducting pipe or flue g, which has a suitably-operated pump or device h, adapted when operating to create suction,and thereby establish a vacuum or partial vacuum in the vapor-outlet g, and consequently in the chamber of the receptacle a, upon opening the normally closed valve 36, with which the fiue g is provided, between the said receptacle and the receiving end of the suctioncreating device. A concavo-convex screen or strainer j is secured to the inner side of the door c and bulges upwardly, so that its capacity is considerable.

The shaft Zr; is arranged vertically and centrally of the receptacle a and extends from aboveJ and near the screen j upwardly and through and a suitable distance above the top of the receptacle a. A bevel-gear Z is operatively mounted upon the shaft 7c a suitable distance above the top of the receptacle a. The gear Zis rigid with the upper end of an upright frame or stand m, formed upon a turntable fn, which is mounted upon the upper end of a vertically-arranged tubular guide and shaft-steadying piece o, which is rigid with the top of the receptacle a and loosely embraces the shaft 7c. The shaft-steadying piece 0 is provided at its upper end with an external annular table forming iiange 37, which bears the turn-table n. Antifrictionballs 38 are interposed between the tables n Y and 37 and arranged within annular recesses ment of the said table is rendered impossible,

and the balls 38 and 40 also afford lateral bearing to the table. The stand or frame m forms the central portion of the turn-table, which is operatively connected with the shaft- 7o, and the gear Z is formed upon the central frame or stand'm of the turn-table. The shaft 7c, next above the stand or frame m and the gear Z, is provided with a collar 41, which rests upon the said frame or stand. It will be observed, therefore, that the shaft 7c is suspended from the turn-table, and by the construction hereinbefore described displacement of the shaft is prevented without wear upon the shaft, and twisting or wabbling of the shaft is reduced to a minimum. A shaft-steadying frame r, mounted upon and secured to the bottom of the receptacle a around the upper end of the duct 17, is provided centrally with an annular member 42, which loosely embraces and is adapted to steady the shaft 7c. The shaft Zo has its said lower end considerably reduced in diameter where it extends into the shaft-steadying piece r to reduce any friction between the said member r and the shaft to a minimum. The shaft 7c at the upper end of the central member 42 of the shaft-steadying frame fr' is provided with a downwardly-flaring external annular shoulder 43, which overlaps but does not bear upon the correspondingly-shaped upper edge `of the said member 42. It will be observed that the shaft 7c is suspended or supported from the elevated table 37 through the medium of the turn-table 'n and that theA frame r does not bear the load of the shaft, but merely participates in steadying the shaft, except that the said frame r forms also a guard for the protection of the screen j, preventing the crushing of the said screen by the weight of the body of material undergoing treatment within the receptacle a.

The gear Z meshes with the bevel-pinion s, operatively mounted upon a shaft 45, to which power is suitably applied. rThe said shaft 45 is supported in any approved manner. Obviously, therefore, power is transnlitted to the turn-table n and shaft 7c from the shaft 45 through the medium of the intergearing Z and s.

The shaft 7c is provided at its lower end, preferably next above its downwardly-flaring shoulder 43, with two laterally-projecting and radial arms t and t, which are arranged, preferably, diametrcally opposite each other and extend from the shaft downwardly to the bottom 18 of the chamber of the receptacle a, near the inner end of the duct 17, and thence extend outwardly and over in close proximity to the said bottom. The outer portion of an arm t and the adjacent portion of the bottom 18 are shown in cross-section in FigVII. The said outer portion of each arm tis provided with a scraper 47, arranged to clear the bottom of the chamber of the receptacle al. The Scrapers 47 of the arms Zpoint in the direction in which the shaft 7c rotates when operated, which direction is also indicated by the arrow 48 in Fig. I. Obviously, therefore, the armsfl are not onlyinstrumental in stirring the lower are instrumental also in facilitating the dis- IOO IIO'

of the shaft 7c and has its upper end communicating with the chamber of a chest 50, which surrounds the shaft 7n a suitable distance above the gear Z and is rigid with a suitablyapplied standard 5l. A pipe it for supplying steam, hot air, or other heating agent has a valved branch 52 communicating with the chamber of the chest 50, with its valve 53 normally closed. An air-supply pipe fw forsupplying air under pressure at the ordinary atmospheric temperature has a valved branch 5-i communicating with the chamber of the chest 50, with its valve 55 normally closed. The pipe w has its receiving end communicating with a tank or reservoirp, wherein air under pressure is stored, and the discharging end of a suitably-operated pump 56 is connected with the said reservoir by a pipe 57. Obviously, therefore, a heating agent or ordinary air under pressure is supplied to the passageway 49, according as the heating agent upon opening the valve 53 or air under pressure upon opening the valve 55 are supplied to the chest 50. The surrounding wall of the passage-way in each arm t is provided with a series of orifices 5S, arranged at suitable intervals longitudinally of the arm and slanting, preferably, downwardly and rearwardly, as shown in Fig. VII, so as to discharge the fluid received thereby against the bottom 18. Each arm t is provided with a guard-formin g flange 59, projecting rearwardly from the arm above and near the orifices 5S of the arm and adapted to prevent the weight of the material being treated within the receptacle a from forcing solid matter into the said orifices, and thereby avoid clogging of the said orifices and the connected passage-way.

The shaft la is preferably provided with a valve l0 for controlling contlnuity in the passage-way 49,which valve l0 is of course opened preparatory to supplying steam or air to the chest 50. The shaft k is provided also within the receptacle a withV two series of laterallyprojecting and radially-arranged arms, with the arms of one of the said series alternating, preferably, with the arms y of the other series. The armsare hollowinteriorly, but imperforate-that is, each arm is provided internally with a passage-way extending longitudinally of the arm and in open relation at the inner end of the arm with a passageway 60, formed in and extending longitudinally of the shaft 7.2, and the said last-mentioned passage-way communicates at its upper end with the chamber ofachest 6l, which surrounds the extreme upperend of the shaft a suitable distance above the chest 50 and is rigid withthe standard 5l. The arms :r are arranged a suitable distance apart vertically aud in pairs, and the arms of each .pair

i coil.

of arms are connected together at their outer ends by a hollow `web 62, which establishes open relation between the passage-ways extending through the said arms. Obviously, therefore, ea ch pair of arms-a: and the web G2, connecting the said arms together, form a coil whose opposite ends are the inner ends of the said arms and are in open relation with the passage-way 60 in the shaft, so that steam or hot air or other iiuid supplied to the said passage-way will circulate through the said The heating-agent-supply pipe u has another valved branch 63, which communicates with the chamber of the chest 6l and has its valve 64. normally closed.' The airsupply pipe fw has a valved branch 65, which vided with a scraper G8, as shown in Figs. III

and IV,which scraper is instrumental in clearing the surrounding wall of the chamber of the receptacle wand points, therefore, in the direction in which the arms r revolve during the operation of the shaft 7c. Each arm x has a blade 69, which extends longitudinally of the said arm at the side which faces in the direction in which the arm revolves during the operation of the shaft 7e, and the said blade 69 is arranged as required torender it instru mental in facilitating the passage of the arm through the mass of material undergoing treatment within the receptacle a and in avoiding undue strain upon the said arm. The shaft 7i; is preferably provided with a valve 70, arranged to control continuity in the passage-way 60, which valve 70 is of course opened preparatory to the supply of iiuid to the passage-way 60. The shaft 7tis provided interiorly with another passage-way 7 2,y which extends longitudinally of the shaft and is in open relation at its lower endwith the lower end of the passage-way 60 and has its upper end connecting with the chamber of an exhaust-ch est 7 3, which is arranged between the IOO IIO

chests 50 and 6l and rigid with the standard 5l. A valved exhaust-pipe7/.i` extends from the chamber of the chest 73 and is provided with a valve 75. The shaft 7s is-provided with a valve 76, arranged to control continuity-in the exhaust passage-way 7 2. 1 Obviously when The arms .fr form, therefore, heaters as well as stirring'devices.

i, The arms y of the shaft 7c are tubular,having` passagc-ways formed' therein andl extendingf longitudinally thereof, which passage-ways connect at the inner ends of the arms with the passage-way 49 in the shaft. The arms y are arranged a suitable distance apart vertically and in pairs, and the arms of each pair of arms y have their outer ends connected together by a hollow web 80, which establishes open relation between the passage Ways formed in the said arms. Obviously, therefore, each pair of arms y and the web 80, connecting said arms together, form a coil whose opposite ends are the inner ends of the said arms and connect with the passage-way 49 of the shaft. The web or central portion 80 of each coil is provided with a scraper 81, instrumental in preventing caking of the material upon the surrounding wall ofthe chamber of the receptacle a, and the scraper 81 consequentlypoints in the direction in which the said coil revolves during the operation of the shaft, and each web 80 has lateral orifices 82, arranged to discharge against the said wall. Each arm y is provided with a blade 83, which extends longitudinally of the arm at the side which faces in the direction in which the said arm revolves during the operation of the shaft 7c, and the said blade 83 is arranged as required to render it instrumental in facilitating the passage of the arm through the mass of material being treated and in avoiding undue strain upon the arm. Each arm 'y is provided in the rear wall of the passageway extending therethrough with a series of orifices 84, arranged to discharge somewhat downwardly. Obviously, therefore, when air under pressure is supplied to the arms t air under pressureis also supplied to the arms y and by the latter during their revolution distributed throughout the mass of material.

It is evident, of course, that all joints where leakage might occur in the absence of proper packing must be suitably packed-as, for instance, a stuffing-box 85 is provided around the shaft k at the upper end of the shaftsteadying member o; but the application of ture, and during the said treatment the shaft k is rotated, so as to cause its arms a: and y to stir and disintegrate the mass, and thereby facilitate the extraction of the oil.. When the p oil has been extracted, the valve 30 of the drain-pipe f is opened to permit the extracted oil to run from within the receptacle a, through the duct 17, and oi by the said pipe f. The shaft lo is operated to revolve its arms and fy during the draining period, so as to stir or disintegrate the mass Within the receptacle a and facilitate the flow of oil to the outlet of the receptacle,and especially is the clearing of the bottom and surrounding Wall of the chainber of the receptacle by the Scrapers 47, 68, and 81 instrumental in facilitating the iiow of oil vdown the said wall and bottom. When the extracted oil and solvent mixed therewith have been drained from the material,the Valve 30 is closed and the valve 21 of the pipe 20 is opened to permit the iow of heating agent into the chamber of the jacket b, so as to heat the receptacle a. The residue remaining after the draining of oil is heated, preferably, to from-100 to 150 Fahrenheit and dried. Traces of naphtha or volatile solvent remaining within the receptacle vaporize and escape at the top of the receptacle through the flue g upon opening the valve 36, and the pump or suction-creating device h is operated to create a vacuum or partial vacuum within the upper portion of the receptacle a, and thereby draw or pull the vaporized solvent aud gases and moisture from the mass through the said flue, and the shaft lc is operated during the vaporizing period to stir the mass of material undergoing treatment and facilitate an equal distribution of the lheat throughout the mass and facilitate the elimination of the vapors, gases, and moisture from the mass. Heat is also transmitted to the mass interiorly of the receptacle by the heating-coils formed by the shaft-arms which coils are supplied with a heating agent upon opening the valves and 64, and the said arms .fr revolve through the mass during the operation of the shaft and not only stir ordisintegrate the material, but directly heat the material being dried and distribute heat throughout the mass of material. While the mass being dried is being heated and operated upon by the arms heating agent is supplied to the shaft-arms t upon opening the valves 10 and 53 and also to the coils formed by the shaft-arms 'y and discharged directly into the mass. Any heating agent thus discharged into the mass by the shaftarms t and y is of course distributed throughout the mass during the operation of the shaft and in its passage to the vapor-outlet of the receptacle absorbs vapors, gases, and odors and carries them o. Then the valve 53 is closed, and while the suction-creating device is being operated air under pressure is supplied to the mass upon opening the valve 55 and distributed throughout the mass by revolving the shaft-arms t and y, and all traces of moisture, gases, and odors remaining in or with the mass are eectually eliminated. The air under pressure supplied and distributed throughout the mass during the drying and vaporizing period is lnot only instrumental in disintegrating the mass, but in absorbing moisture and in facilitating the elimination of gases and odors. The air under pressure discharged against the bottom IOO- IIO

of the chamber of the receptacle a is not only instrumental in clearing the said bottom, but ascends through the entire body of material being dried on its way to the vapor-outlet of the receptacle, and is consequently very effective in facilitating the drying of the material. lVhen the material is dry, the door c is opened, as hereinbefore described, and the dried residue discharged th rough the duct 17, and the shaft 7a is operated during the discharging period to cause its arms to revolve through the mass and facilitate the said discharge.

The drying or reducing process disclosed in this application forms the subject-'matter of a contemporaneous application of even date.

What I claim is- 1. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vaporoutlet, a pump having its inlet in open relation with the said vapor-outlet; means for heating the receptacle; a shaft extending into the receptacle and provided, within the receptacle, with laterally-projecting arms having passage-Ways formed therein and extending longitudinally thereof, which arms have orifices discharging into the receptacle; means for supporting the shaft; means for operating the shaft; and means for supplying the aforesaid passage Ways with a gaseous or aeriform fluid.

2. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vaporoutlet, which receptacle has itsV lower end provided with a suitablyclosed outlet; a pump having its inlet in open relation with the said vapor-outlet; means for heating the receptacle; an upright shaft extending into the receptacle and provided, within the receptacle, with laterally-projecting and radially or approximately radially arranged arms which have passage-ways form ed therein and extending longitudinally thereof, means for supporting the shaft; means for operating the shaft; and means for supplying the aforesaid passage-ways with a gaseous or aeriforrn iiuid.

3. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising aclosed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vaporoutlet; means for heating the receptacle; a shaft extending into the receptacle and provided, Within the receptacle, with `laterallyprojecting perforated arms having passageways formed therein and extending longitudinally thereof, whicharms have orifices discharging into the receptacle`;'means for supporting the shaft; means for operating the shaft, and means for supplying the aforesaid passage -ways with a gaseous or aeriform iinid.

4C. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vaporoutlet, which receptacle hasfit's lower end provided with a suitably-closed outlet; a pump having its inlet in open relation with the said vapor-outlet; means for heating the receptacle; a verticallylarranged shaft extending into and centrally of the receptacle and provided, within the receptacle, with laterallyprojecting radially or approximately radially arranged perforated arms having passage- Ways formed therein and extending longitudinally thereof; means for supporting the shaft; means for operating the shaft, and

Imeans for supplying thev aforesaidpassageways with a gaseous or aeriform fluid.

5. Apparatus ofthe character indicated, comprising the following: a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vapor-outlet, a shaft extending into the `receptacle and provided, within the receptacle, with laterally-projecting arms having passage-ways formed therein and extending longitudinally thereof, which arms have dis` charge -orifices; means for supporting the shaft; means for operating the shaft, and

means for supplying'air under pressure to the said passage-ways, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. Apparatusof the character indicated comprising the following: a closed receptacle having a suitably-closedA charging-aperture and a vapor-outlet, which receptacle has its lower end provided with a suitably-closed outlet; a suction-creating device adapted,"

when operating, to create suction Within the vapor-outlet; an upright shaft extendinginto the receptacle and provided,'within 'the receptacle, with laterally-projecting arms having passage-ways formed therein and extend- `vided, at its lower end, witha suitably-closed outlet; an upright shaft extending into the receptacle and provided, within the receptacle, with arms t projecting laterally of the ICO IIO

shaft at or near the lower end of the shaft,-

which arms extend over and in close proximity to the bottom of the chamber of the receptacle, and are provided, respectively, with a scraper arranged to operate in close proximity to the said bottom; means for supporting the shaft, and means for rotating the shaft.

S. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising the following: a closed receptacle IZO having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and avapor-outlet, which receptacle is provided, at its lower end, with a suitably-closed outlet; an-upright shaft extending into the receptacle and provided, within the receptacle; with perforated hollow arms t projecting laterally of the shaft at or near the lower end of the shaft, which arms have discharge-orices arranged to discharge downwardly against the bottom of the chamber of the receptacle; means for supplying fluid under pressure to the said arms; means for supporting the shaft, and means for rotating the shaft.

9. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising the following: a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vapor-outlet, which receptacle is provided, at its lower end, with a suitably-closed outlet; an upright shaft extending into the receptacle and provided, within the receptacle, with perforated hollow arms t projecting laterally of the shaft at or near the lower end of the shaft, which arms have discharge-orifices arranged to discharge downwardly against the bottom of the chamber of the receptacle; means for supplying fluid under pressure to the said arms; guards upon the arms and overhanging the discharge-orifices of the said arms; means for supporting the shaft, and lneans for rotating the shaft.

10. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising the following: a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vapor-outlet; a shaft extending into the receptacle and provided with a duid-conducting passage-way formed in and extending longitudinally of the shaft, whichshaft has radially or approximately radially arranged hollow arms at suitable intervals longitudinally of the shaft, with each of the said arms in direct communication, at its inner end, with the aforesaid passage-way; means for supplying the iiuid tothe said passageway; means for supporting the shaft, and means for rotating the shaft.

ll. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising the following: a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vapor-outlet, a shaft extendinginto the receptacle and provided with a fluid-conducting passage-way formed in and extending longitudinally of the shaft, which shaft has hollow perforated arms in open relation, interiorly, with the said passage-way; means for supplying air under pressure to the said passage-way means for supportingfthe shaft, and means for operating the shaft.

12. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising the following: a closed receptacle provided, at its upper end, with a suitablyclosed charging-aperture and a vapor-outlet, which receptacle is provided, at its lower end, with a suitably-closed outlet;,a suction-creating device adapted, when operating, to create suction in the vapor-outlet; an upright shaft arranged centrally of the receptacle and provided with a fluid-conducting passage-way formed in and extending longitudinally of the shaft, which shaft has hollowperforated arms in open relation interiorly with the said passage-way; means for supplying air under pressure to the said passage-way; means for supporting the shaft, and means for operating the shaft.

13. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising a closed receptacle, a shaft extendinginto the receptacle and provided with a fluid-conducting passage-way formed in and extending longitudinally of the shaft, which shaft has hollow perforated arms projecting laterally of the shaft and in open relation interiorly with the aforesaid passage-way; a chest surrounding the shaft and having its chamber in open relation with the aforesaid passage-way; a valved pipe arranged to control the supply of fluid to the said chest; means for supporting the shaft, and means for rotating the shaft.

14. Apparatus of the character indicated comprising the following: a closed receptacle provided, at its upper end, with a suitablyclosed charging-aperture and a vapor-outlet, which receptacle is provided, at its lower end, with a suitably-closed outlet; an upright shaft extending into the receptacle and provided with a duid-conducting passage-way formed in and extending longitudinally of the shaft, which shaft has hollow perforated arms projecting laterally of the shaft and in open relation interiorly with the aforesaid passageway; a chest surrounding the shaft outside of the receptacle and having its chamber in open relation with the aforesaid passage-way; a valved pipe arranged to control the supply of iuid to the said chest; means for supporting the shaft, and means for rotating the shaft.

15. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising the following: a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vapor-outlet; an upright shaft arranged within the receptacle and having a passageway formed in and extending longitudinally of the shaft, which shaft is provided, within the receptacle, with laterally-projecting hollow imperforate arms arranged radially or approximately radially at intervals longitudinally of the shaft and in direct communication, at their inner ends, with the said passage-way; means for supplying a heating fluid to the said passage-way; means for supporting the shaft, and means for rotating the shaft.

16. Apparatus of the character indicated, comprising a receptacle; a shaft extending into the receptacle, and provided, within the receptacle, with laterally-projecting arms arranged a suitable distance apart and in pairs, with a web connecting together the outer ends of the arms of each pair of arms and provided with a scraper arranged to travel in close proximity to the surrounding wall of the chamber of the receptacle during the operation of the shaft.

17. In apparatus of the character indicated, a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed chargingaperture,and a vapor-outlet a shaft extending into the receptacle, and having a huid-supply passage-way formed therein and extending longitudinally thereof, which shaft IOO IIS

is provided, within the receptacle, with laterall y-proj ectin g hollow imperforate arms in open relation interiorly with the said passage-way; means for supplying the heating fluid to the said passage-way, and a valved exhaust passage-way formed in and extending longitudinally of the shaft and connected with the first-mentioned passage-way.

IS. In apparatus ofthe character indicated, a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture andavapor-outlet; ashaft extending into the receptacle and provided, within the receptacle, with laterally-projecting hollow perforated arms; a compressed-air reservoir; a valved pipe leading from the said reservoir, and means for conducting air from the said pipe to the interior of the aforesaid arms.

19. In apparatus of the character indicated, a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed chargin g-apertu re anda vapor-outlet; a shaft extending into the receptacle and having a fluid-conducting passageway-19 formed therein and extending longitudinally thereof, which shaft is provided, within the receptacle, with laterally-projecting hollow perforated arms in open relation interiorly with the said passageway; a chest surrounding the shaft and having its chamber in open relation with said passage-way; a compressedair reservoir, and a valved pipe leading from the said reservoir to and in open relation with the said chamber.

20. In apparatus ofthe character indicated, a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vapor-outlet; a shaft extending into the receptacle, and provided, within the receptacle, with laterally-projecting perforated arms arranged in pairs, with a web connecting together the outer ends of the arms of each pair of arms, and means for supplying fluid to the said arms.

2l. In apparatus of the characterindicated, a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a Vapor-outlet; a shaft extending into the receptacle, and provided, within the receptacle, with laterally-projecting perforated arms arranged in pairs, with a hollow web connecting together the outer ends of and establishing open relation between the arms of each pair of arms and having orifices arranged to discharge against -the surrounding wall of the chamber of the receptacle, and means for supplying fluid to the said arms.

22. In apparatus of the characterindicated, a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and a vapor-outlet; a shaft extending into the receptacle and having a series of laterally-projectin g hollow imperforate arms x and another series of laterallyprojecting hollow perforated arms y; means for supplying a heating agent to the imperforate arms, and means for supplying air under pressure to the perforated arms.

23. In apparatus of the character indicated, a closed receptacle having a suitably-closed charging-aperture and avapor-outlet; a suction-creating device adapted, when operating, to create suction in the vapor-outlet; means for draining the receptacle; a'shaft eX- tending into the receptacle and having a series of laterally-projectinghollow imperforate arms and another series of laterally-projecting hollow perforated arms,and means for supplying fluid to the saidarms.

24:. In apparatus of the character indicated, a receptacle provided, at its lower end, with a downwardly-dischargin g duct 17; a door normally closing the said duct from below;

i means for holding the door in its closed position, and a drain-pipe j comprising a pipesection 3l attached to the door and in open relation with the aforesaid d uct, another pipesection 32 and a union 33 for coupling the said pipe-sections together.

25. In apparatus of the character indicated, a receptacle provided, at its lower end, with a downwardly-discharging duct 17; a door normally closing the said duct from below; means forholding the door in its closed position; a strainer or screen at the inner side of the door and bulging upwardly, and a guardforming frame extending over the said screen or strainer.

26. In apparatus of the character indicated, a closed receptacle having a downwardly-discharging duct 17; a door normally closing the said duct from below; means for holding the door in its closed position; a drain-pipe comprising a pipe-section attached to the door and in open relation with the aforesaid duct; a concave-convex strainer or screen at the inner side of the door and bulging upwardly, and a guard-forming frame r extending over the said screen or strainer.

Signed by me at Cleveland, Ohio, this 14th of September, 1901.

EUGENE R. EDSON.

Witnesses:

C. H. Donna, V. C. LYNCH.

ICO

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