US707084A - Image-projecting apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 19, [902. c. w. G-ABMAN. F IMAGE PRUJECTING APPARATUS.

(Application filed m 9, 1902.)

3 Shaets8heat I.

(No Model.)

i-HEEEE Inventor:

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' JLM/ kill tturn No. 707,D84. Patented Aug. 19, I902.

C. W. CARMAN.

IMAGE PROJEGTING APPARATUS.

(Application filed May 9, 1902.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

Inven or: E

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IMAGE- PROJECTING APPARATUS.

srncrrrcarron forming part of Letters 1=atent No. 707,084, dated August 19, 1902. Application filed May 9,1902. Serial No. 106,525. (N0 model.)

To all whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES W. CARMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ohicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Image-Projecting Apparatus, (Case No. 8,) of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for projecting images upon screens.

Heretofore it has been customary to project images upon screens by the use of so-called lantern-slides. It has also been customary to arrange the optical bench of a stereopticon in such a way that experimental apparatus may be mounted between the condenser-lens and the objective-lens'in such a way as to throw its shadow on the screen but such apparatus has been limited to small objects whose shadows form an efficient and instructive projection. Other projecting apparatus has been heretofore devised by means of which imagesfrom microscopic slides may be thrown upon a screen.

In all of the above apparatus the rays of light passing from the lamp to the screen pass through and around the picture to be thrown upon the screen. Thus it is always necessary to mount the desired picture on a piece of glass or other transparent medium. Inimy improved projecting apparatus I provide a means by which the image or picture of any object may be directly thrown upon a screen in its true proportion and colors without the use of lantern-slides. This object may be, for instance, the page of a book or m anuscript, a colored picture, any experimental apparatus or specimen, or a living insect or animal.

The objects of my invention are to arrange in efficient and convenient combination with the above opaque projector mechanism by which either dissolving stereopticon views or views from microscopic slides or the usual experimental apparatus can be projected, thereby providing an efficient and convenient single apparatus which is capable of employment either as an opaque projector or in any of the ways in which a stereopticon may be used.

My invention will be more readily under stood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a side elevation. Fig. 2 represents a front view of the apparatus without its supporting-frame. Fig. 3 represents a rear view of the same. Fig. 4 is a side view with the doors partially open to show the internal arrangement. Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line of Fig. 4.

The apparatus which I have shown in the drawings for illustrating my invention consists of a carrying-frame 1, pivotally mounted upon a standard 2. The frame 1 conveniently consists of front and rear frames 3 and 4 and connecting cross-pieces 5 and 6. Frame 1 supports the hollow casing 7, which contains the opaque reflector and the apparatus comprising the stereopticon and the associated lamp mechanism. The casing 7 preferably consists of a hollow cylindrical casing 8, from the front end'of which, project three hollow conical tubes 9, 10, and 1 1.

A rotary object carrier 12 is'preferably mounted at the rear of the cylindrical casing 7. y This object-carrier conveniently comprises a pair of disks 13 13, arranged parallel with one another, and a pair of intersecting plates 14 14, which extend transversely to the disks 13 13 and are equal in length to the diameter of said disks. These intersecting plates 14 14 thus form four supports, and each of these supports is preferably provided with an object-holder15. 1 These holders are preferably made adjustable relatively to their supports-as, for example, by connecting them to theouter edges of the plates 14 14 by means of hinges 16 l6--and are provided with adjusting devices-as, for example, the slotted strips 17 17 and the knurled screws 18 18. Each of these slotted strips 17 is fastened to one of the hinged object-holders 15, while its associated knurled screw 18 screws into the adjacent supporting-plate 14. Each objectholder can thus be swung about this pivotal connection 16, so as to vary its inclination to its support 14, and can be securely held in such adjustment by means of the slotted strip 17 and its associated screw 18. Clips 15 are conveniently provided for the purpose of firmly holding objects in place upon the object-holder. This rotary object-carrier 12 thus constructed is preferably mounted for rotation at the rear of the hollow casing 7, a convenient way being to provide the disks 1'3 13 with pivot-pins 19 19. The casing 7 is provided with projecting plates 20 20, in which are provided the bearings 21 21 for the accommodation of the pivot-pins 19 19. A cylindrical inclosing casing 21 preferably of sheet metal, is rigidly fastened to the plates 20 and the casing 7 in such a way as to inclose the front part of the rotary object-carrier 12. The axis of rotation of the carrier 12 is only slightly above the lower edge of the casing 7, so that the middle of the object-holder 15 when in a vertical position is about on a horizontal line with the axis of the cylindrical casing 7. 'Thus any objectas, for instance, the picture 22When mounted upon the holder 15 and turned into a vertical position is directly in line with the axis of the lens 23, adjustably mounted in the tube 10. If now this lens 23 be properly adjusted and the object 22 be sufficiently illuminated, the apparatus will throw upon a screen placed in a darkened room a proper distance in front of the lens 23 an image of the object 22 perfect in form and color.

For the purpose of affordinga proper illumination of the object 22 I preferably provide the lamps 24 and 25. These lamps may be of any desired construction, such as electricarc lamps or oxyhydrogen-burners. Those I have shown are lamps intended to burn acetylene gas and are provided with burners 26 26 and parabolic reflectors 27 27. The lamps 24 and are respectively mounted in hollow conical projections 9 and 10. Each of these conical projections preferably carries a boxlike receptacle 28, adapted to accommodate and form a support for the base of the lamps 24 and 25. Each lamp is pivotally mounted, so that it may be turned to throw its light either along a line parallel with the axis of the casing 7, as best illustrated by lamp 25, or so that it may be turned to throw its light through the lenses 29 and 30, constituting transparent walls, directly upon the object 22, mounted upon the object-holder 15. The levers 31 31 are provided to effect the turn ing of the lamps 24 and 25, and knurled screws 32 32 to secure the lamps in either of their two alternate positions. In an axial line with each of the lamps 24 and 25 there is preferably provided a condenser-lens 34. Beds 36 36 and 37 37 conveniently form optical benches upon which may be mounted any of the apparatus usually associated with stereopticons. Mounted upon rods 37 37 are shown a lanternslide holder 38 and an obj ective-lens 39. Upon the rods 36 36 may be mounted a projecting microscope or any experimental apparatus of the usual form. Openings 4O 40 are provided at the rear of the casing 7 to allow the light from the lenses 34 34 to pass on its way to the screen. It will thus be seen that while the light from the lens 23 passes out from the front of the casing the light from the lamps when used as stereopticon-lamps passes out at the back of the casing.

In order to facilitate the'use of the same screen for both projections, the casing 7 and carrying-frame 1 may be turned upon the pivotal connection with the standard 2, so as to make either lens throw its light toward the screen. The casing 7 is pivotally mounted upon pivots 41 41, which are adapted to turn in bearings 42 42, provided in the frame 1. I have also shown a lever-handle 43, with the slotted quadrant 44, by means of which the casing may be readily turned and clamped by means of a thumb-screw 45 in any desirable position of rotation. Thus the lens 23 may be made to point in a vertical direction while the rotating object-carrier is underneath,with the illuminated object-holder in a horizontal instead of a vertical plane. tion it is wished to throw the image upon a vertical screen, a mirror may be used to deflect the rays of light emanating from the lens 23 from a vertical to a horizontal path. Doors 46 46 are provided, so as to form a ready means of access to the interior of the casing 7.

It will thus be seen that by the use of my invention a simple, compact, convenient, and efficient apparatus is provided, by means of which all the various kinds of projections may be thrown upon the same screen in rapid succession.

While I have herein shown and particularly described the preferred embodiment of my invention, I do not wish to limit myself to the precise construction and arrangement as herein shown and particularly described; but,

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- 1. An opaque reflector having a rotary object-carrier, provided witha plurality of radially-disposed object-holders, pivotally mounted at the periphery of the object-carrier and meeting at the axis thereof, movable toward and from the axis, and means for securing the object-holders in adjustment, substantially as described.

2. In an opaque reflector, a rotary objectcarrier, comprising a pair of disks arranged parallel with one another intersecting plates forming radially-disposed supports, objectholders pivotally connected to the outer edges of the said supports, and adjusting means for securing swinging adjustment of the objectholders with respect to the plates, substantially as described.

3. An opaque reflector comprising a hollow body, consisting of a rear cylindric casing, a lens-tube extending forwardly from the easing, an object-carrier rotatably supported by the said casing, and including a plurality of radially-disposed supports, each provided with an object-holder, the said holders being pivotallysecured to their supports, while the carrier is so mounted that the holders can be brought into projecting position in succes- If in this posision by the rotation of the carrier, lampboxes on opposite sides of the hollow body, lamps arranged in said boxes,and transparent walls between the lamps and the object-carrier, substantially as described.

4. In an image-projector, the combination with a rotary object-carrier, of a plurality of object-holders, pivoted at the periphery of the object-carrier, and movable toward and from the axis of rotation thereof, and means whereby the object-holders may be adjusted toward and from the axis of rotation, the said means including slotted strips 17, one for each object-holder, and extending at right angles to the object-holder, and fasteningscrews passing through the slots, substantially as described.

5. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a plurality of image-projecting means, of a pivotally-mounted source of light adapted to be operatively associated With one or the other of the said image-projecting means by its rotation, the said imageprojecting means serving to cast images in opposite directions with respect to each other, and a pivotal mounting for the aforesaid mechanism, whereby the apparatus may be adjusted to throw images upon the same screen at different times from both imageprojecting means, substantially as described.

6. In apparatus of the class described, the

combination with a plurality of image-projecting means serving to project images in opposite directions with respect to each other, of a source of light adj ustably mounted, whereby it may be operatively associated with one or the other of the said image-projecting means, and a rotatable mounting for the above apparatus, whereby the apparatus may be adjusted to throw images upon the same screen at different times from both imageprojecting means, substantially as described.

7. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a plurality of image-projecting means serving to project images in opposite directions with respect to each other, of a source of light common to the plurality of image-projecting means, and a rotatable mounting for the above apparatus, whereby the apparatus may be adjusted to throw images upon the same screen at different times from both image-projecting means, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 6th day of May, A. D. 1902.

CHARLES W. GARMAN.

Witnesses:

GEORGE L. CRAGG, JOHN STAHR.

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