US703888A

US703888A - Water-purifying apparatus for steam-boilers.

Info

Publication number: US703888A
Application number: US7872401A
Authority: US
Inventors: Joseph Beha
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1901-10-15
Filing date: 1901-10-15
Publication date: 1902-07-01
Anticipated expiration: 1919-07-01

Description

No. 703,888. Patented July I902. J. BEHA.- WATER PUBlFYING APPARATUS. FOR STEAM BOILERS.

(Application filed Oct. 15, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet. I.,

(No Model.)

m: Mumps versus 110., PNOYO-LITHO wnsnmaray. u c.

No. 703,888. Patented luly I, I902. .1. BEHA.

WATER PURIFYING APPARATUS FOR STEAM BOILERS.

(Application filed Oct. 16, 1901.)

(No Model.)

No. 703,888. Patented July I, I902.

J. BEHA. WATER PURIFYING APPARATUS FOR STEAM BOILERS.

(Application filed Oct. 15, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.-

(No Model.)

Zgvzgzfor: 6 e w, A,

Ens c0. Pnc'roum UNITED STATES PATENT OF ICE.

JOSEPH BFHA, OF THANN, GERMANY.

WATER-PURIFYING APPARATUS FOR STEAM-BOILERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 703,888, dated July 1, 1902.

Application filed October 15, 1901. Serial No. 78,724. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH BFHA, manufacturer, of Thann, Alsace, in the German Empire, have invented new and useful 1mprovements in Water-Purifying Apparatus for Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings for purposes of illustration.

This apparatus, which is arranged upon the boiler for the mechanical purification of the boiler-water, acts on the continuous-circulation principle, depending on the difference of temperature and density between the water raised from the boiler to the purifier and the column of water returning therefrom to the boiler, the Velocity of the current of liquid, together with the suction,being greater the greater these differences.

In apparatus heretofore employed the difference of temperature between the ascending and descending columns of water is not very great, and hence the working is intermittent, since the direction of circulation alters according as the cooling is greater on one side or on the other. An uninterrupted circulation of water flowing in the same direction is, however, an essential condition in a satisfactory form of water-purifier. For this purpose, according to the present invention, the column of water ascending the apparatus is considerably heated by the continual admission of'steam from the boiler and is protected against cooling in the tubes outside the boiler by covering the latter with non-conducting material, while the cleansed water returning to the boiler passes through uncovered tubing and is cooled by a supply of feed-water in or around the tubing. The cooling is likewise continuous, this new purifying apparatus being especially designed for boilers provided with a continuous feed ,which practice proves to be the best for the rational generation of steam.

The water-purifier is so constructed that it first separates or decants the entering water and trees it from the lighter impurities before it filters itthat is to say, removes the heavier impurities from it.

In the accom an in drawin s Fi ure 1 is D b 3 b zontal section on the line A B of Fig. 1; Fig. 4:, a horizontal section on the line C D of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section of a Oornish boiler with two furnaces, showing the new purifying apparatus applied thereto. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the same with the feed-Water pipe opening into the return-tube. Fig. 7 is a portion of a longitudinal section showing the feed-water pipe 40 arranged around the return-tube. Fig. 8 represents a modification of the arrangement shown in Fig. 7, the return-tube being surrounded by a spiral feed-water pipe.

The purifier 1 is arranged upon the boiler 2 and is connected therewith by means of the siphon or inlet pipes 3, 4, and 5, said pipes, where outside the boiler,being suitably lagged or covered with a non-conductor of heat. The middle inlet pipe at serves to take up the heavier deposit from the bottom of the boiler, (which deposit usually consists of sulfate of calcium,) and therefore communicates with the deposit-collecting tube 6, which is provided with openings 7 and is arranged at the lowest part of the boiler. The other two inlet-pipes 3 and 5 terminate a little below the water-level and carry two scum-collecting funnels 8, having their mouths arranged in opposite directions. These serve to take up the lighter impurities which rise to the surface of the water and generally consist of carbonate of calcium. The accumulation of the latter usually takes place above the tines, as the ebullition of the water is more energetic at this point. The scum-collecting funnels should. therefore be placed, as represented in the drawings, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the flues. The pipe 4, which reaches to the bottom of the boiler, is also provided with funnels 10 at the level of the water for the purpose of allowing a small quantity of water mixed with steam to enter the said tube, so that it shall heat the Water which is ascending into the purifier in the same manner as is the case with thelpipes 3 and 5. In consequence of the combined action of the steam and the insulation of that part of the pipes which is outside the boiler the water enters the purifier at approximately the same temperature as is in the boiler itself.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 6 the purified water passes back to the boiler through it by means of the opening 21.

the bend 11 and the unlagged return-pipe 12. An injector 13 is arranged in the return-pipe 12 near the boiler, and through this the feedwater continuously flows, and thus lowers the temperature of the return column of water, at the same time forcing the circulation, and therefore augmenting the suction of the apparatus. The return-pipe 12 has its mouth open near the bottom of the boiler.

crease the circulation of the water through boiler and purifier.

In consequence of the continual heating of the ascending and cooling of the descending pipe a reversal of the direction of flow of the current is prevented. As is well known, sulfate of calcium separates from water at 150 centigrade, and in the present arrangement care is taken that the purifier maintains approximately this temperature uniformly, so that the matter separated is retained in the filter, a result which could formerly only be obtained by the employment of chemical reagents.

The purifier shown in Figs. 1 to 4 has a twofold object. In the first place it separates the lighter scum from the inflowin g water and then separates the heavier deposit and retains the latter, which would otherwise form an incrustation in the filter. The purifier consists, broadly, of a conical filter-chamber 14, smaller toward the top and inclosed at top and bottom by wire-gauze diaphragms 15 and 16. At the lower end of the filtering-chamber is affixed the separating-chamber 17. The water enters through the bends 18 into an annular chamber 19 and from the latter into a spiral passage 20, which surrounds the separating-chamber 17 and communicates with The water before entering the separating-chamber flows through the spiral passage 20 and is given thereby a rotatory motion and then directed against a cone 22, having its point or apex downward in the center of the separatingchamber, the scum falling from the cone 22 into'a scum or sludge chamber 23, arranged below the said cone, while the cleaned water rises through the chamber 17 to the filter. An upright cone 26 is likewise arranged in the filtering-chamber 14 for the purpose of facilitating the cleansing of the filtering material in the said filtering-chamber, as hereinafter described. From the separating-chamher the water flows upward through the gauze then passes through the filtering material and out of the top end of the filter through the gauze 15 and bend 11, whence it returns in a purified condition through the return-pipe 12 into the boiler. The pressure above and below the filteringchamber being otherwise similar, itis necessary, in order to insure the fiow of the water from below upward through the filter, that the cross-sectional area at the bottom should be greater than that at the top in order to correspondingly increase'the pressure. The purified water before returning to the boiler is mixed with feed-water or is surrounded by the latter, and thus cooled to a certain degree, which consequently increases the circulatory force due to the denser and therefore heavier descending column of Wa ter. At the same time the temperature of the feed-water is increased for the same reason on its entrance into or contact with the returnpipe, and the calcium salts previously held in solution tend to separate from it and sink to the bottom of the boiler, where they are afterward collected in the depositcollecting tube 6.

Owing to the continual circulation and constant separation of impurities, a clearing out of the filter as well as of the scum-chamber from time to time is unavoidable. To enable this to be done, the scum-chamber 23 is provided with an outlet 24, at the end of which is a valve 25. By opening this valve a fall of pressure takes place in the purifier and its pipes, with the result that the water of the boiler rises high in the return-pipe 12 and flows through the filter from the top downward. The filter-block in the contracted part of the filtering-chamber is thus pressed downward by the water and forced upon the cone 26, arranged in the center for the purpose. The water also washes the filtering material-- sand, infusorial earth, or the like-removing the impurities therefrom'into the sen m-chamber 23, from which, together with the impurities it contains, they pass away through the outlet 24. The operation of thus cleansing the filter and clearing out the scum-chamber is performed in a moment. By-closing the valve 25 the circulation of the water is restored to its proper condition suitable for purifying the boiler-water. A cock 27 is fitted on the filter in case it should sometimes be necessary to allow air to escape.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In an apparatus of the class described, a steam-boiler, a separating and filtering device, a plurality of raising-tubes connected with said separating and filtering device, and the lower ends of which are located in superposed planes, a deposit-collecting member connected with one of said pipes at the lower 2. In an apparatus of the class described, A

a steam-boiler, a separating and filtering de vice, raising-pipes connected with said separating and filtering device, and one of them having a deposit-collecting tube, and the others having oppositely-facing funnels, and the funnels being located above said tube, and means for conducting water from said sepa rating and filtering device.

3. In an apparatus of the class described, a steam-boiler, a separating and filtering de vice, raising and return pipes connected with said device, and adapted to be also connected with said steam-boiler, and a spiral pipe surrounding the return-pipe.

4. In an apparatus of the class described, a separating and filtering device, having a scum-chamber, an inverted cone arranged above said scum-chamber, a separating-chamber in connection with the scum-chamber and 20 inclosing said cone, an annular chamber hav her, and a tapered chamber having reticulated top and bottom, and located above and in connection with said separating-chamber.

5. In an apparatus of the class described, a separating and filtering device, having a scum-chamber, an inverted cone arranged above said scum-chamber, a separating-chamber in connection with the scum-chamber and inclosin g said cone, an annular chamber having an inlet, a spiral passage connecting the annular chamber with the separating-chamber, a tapered chamber having reticulated top and bottom, and located above and in connection with said separating-chamber, a cone in said tapered chamber, and avalved outlet for the scum-chamber.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

JOSEPH BEHA. Witnesses:

CHE. WEILBRENNER, HERMAN SOHMELZLE.