US703739A - Anchor. - Google Patents

Description

No. 703,739. I Patented July I, I902.

,I. E. RECH.

ANGHUR.

(Application filed In. 6, 1902.)

(No Model.)

Jwwl- Qua/{1 WITN'ESSES: INVENTOR:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB EDWIN RECH, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ANCHOR- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 703,739, dated July 1, 1902. Application filed March 6I 1902. Serial No. 96,933. (No modelfi To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Moms EDWIN REcII, a

citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new. and useful Improvements in Anchors, of which the following is a specification.

In the most generally accepted'form of anchor, the stock and fluke are arranged at the respective ends of the shank, transversely with respect thereto, and approximately perpendicular with respect to each other. This arrangement possesses in operation advantages of definite and established value.

When, however, an anchor of this type is out of action and rests upon the hull of avessel, the angular relationship of the stock and fluke causes it to take up an excessive amount of space, and renders it very liable to become entangled with the various objects in its vicinity, and to interfere with the movements of the occupants of the vessel.

It is the object of my invention to provide an anchor which, while characterized when in use by the angular relationship of the stock and fluke described, is, nevertheless, so arranged as to be adapted to be, when out of use, readily reduced to compact form.

More specifically, it is the object of my invention to provide an anchor, the shank and fluke of which are fixedly engaged the one with the other, and the stock of which is adapted, when the anchor is out of use, to be moved downward along said shank to a position in which it is in the plane of the fluke, the shank, to such end, embodying a spiral curvature intermediate of its length over which the stock moves and by which it is rotated,-and, in connection with such structure, a means for securing a cable or the like to the stock, in such manner that the cable may in elevating the anchor receive the weight of the anchor at a point above and in line with the shank, and which means at the same time will not interfere with the movements of the stock up or down the shank.

In the drawings I show, and herein I describe, a good form of a convenient embodiment of my invention. Other embodiments may, of course, be resorted to at will, without departure from the spirit of my invention.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of an anchor embodying the preferred form of myinvention. In this view the stock is shown as occupying on the shanka position slightly below the head thereof.

Figure 2 is a view in side elevation of the anchor of Figure 1, with the stock in its position of coincidence with the plane of the fluke and in contact with said fluke, this being the compacted position of the parts.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the accompanying drawings,

a indicates the shank of an anchor, 1) its fluke, and 0 its stock. The fluke b and shank a, are, in the preferred form, conveniently arranged in fixed relationship in any usual manner. The body of the shank is of selected non-circular transverse section, preferably quadrangular, and the stock a is provided with an eye 01 of profile corresponding to the section of the shank, and fitting snugly thereon. An enlargement or head 6 at the upper end of the shank prevents the withdrawal of the shank from the eye.

The shank embodies, intermediate of its length, a quarter turn or spiral, f, of slow pitch, produced in any desired manner, and constituting what may be termed a spiral conformation of the shank.

g is a clevis of any preferred form, to which may be secured the usual rope or cable. The clevis instead of being secured to the shank as has been usual in prior constructions of anchors is hingedly or pivotally attached directly to the stock, that is to say said clevis I has eyes h'which embrace and are free for rotative movement upon said stock, said eyes being arranged on opposite sides of the shank so that the bight of the clevis will exist over and in line with the sh ank, with the result that in the elevation of the'shank by its cable, the point of attachment of the cable to the clevis will be immediately over the shank. By the attachment of the clevis'to the stock, the pull or drag of the rope or cable causes, when the anchor is dropped, the movement of the stock away from the fluke, and to the upper end of the shank so that the parts are immediately restored to operative position.

The clevis, being as stated, hingedly or pivotally connected to the stock, may in stowing the anchor, be thrown to one side of the stock, so as not to interfere with the movement thereof downward along the shank. As a further result of the arrangement described, when the stock has been moved down the shank the clevis exists at the side of said shank, and the net length of the structure as a whole is reduced, thereby rendering it more compact and easily stowed.

The relation of the stock to the shank is such that when the stock is at the upper end of the shank it extends transversely to said shank at right angles, approximately, to the plane of the fluke.

\Vhen, however, said stock is caused to slide downward along said shank, the relation between its eye and the shank is such that, in passing over the region of spiral conformation, said region imparts to said eye and stock a quarter rotation or turn, which brings said stock into approximate coincideuce with the plane of the fluke, with the result that when said stock reaches the lower end of the shank, it will be in the plane thereof, and its respective ends may rest upon the respective ends of the fluke.

The structure thus formed may obviously be much more compactly stowed within a vessel than is possible with an anchor the stock of which is fixed at right angles with the fluke. \Vhen the anchor is thrown overboard, the drag or traction exerted by its rope or cable is received directly by the stock, hence the shank, by reason of its own weight and that of the fluke, will slide through the eye of the stock, and in so sliding, a rotation between the stock on the one hand, and the shank and fluke on the other, the reverse of that already described, and carrying the stock to a position at right angles to the plane of the fluke, will occur, and hence the fluke and stock will, when the anchor is called into service, automatically adjust themselves to the right angular relationship or set in which the structure is best adapted to do its Work. Both rotative movements referred to are practically automatic, as, in the casting of the anchor overboard, the Weight of the fluke and shank causes them to slide with respect to the retarded stock, while, on the other hand, when the structure is lifted within the vessel and rested in vertical position with its fluke upon the deck or bottom, the stock will by gravity descend into proximity to the fluke, rotating as it descends.

I show the shank as of quadrangular section. I do not, of course, limit myself to such form, as the sliding relation between the shank and the movable member may be arranged in any such manner and form as will leave the movable member free to move longitudinally of said shank, but will limit its rotation to that due to a spiral or kindred formation identified with the body of the shank.

In referring herein to the plane of the fluke I allude to the plane projected upon its longer axis and in approximate coincidence with the axis of the shank.

Having thus described my invention, I claim An anchor having a shank, a fluke rigidly connected thereto, said shank being of noncircular section and embodying a spiral conformation, a stock, having an eye extending vertically clear through it and adapted to said shank, said stock being free for longitudinal movement with respect to said shank to a position in close proximity to the fluke, and arranged to be rotated, in sliding downward over said spiral conformation, to a position in the plane of the fluke, and in sliding upward, to a position approximately perpendicular to the plane of the fluke, and being maintained in-all adjustments in perpendicular relation to said shank, and a clevis adapted to be engaged by a cable, the respective side members of which clevis are engaged with the stock on opposite sides of the shank, the arrangement being such that said clevis has lateral swing or movement with respect to the stock with the result that said clevis when the stock is at the upper end of the shank may extend in line above the shank, and may, when the stock is to be moved down the shank, be thrown to one side to clear the shank.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as myinvention I have hereunto signed my name this 4th day of March, A. D. 1902.

JACOB EDXVIN RECH.

In presence of S. SALOME BROOKE, THos. K. LANCASTER.

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