US701122A - Combined lightning-arrester and binding-posts. - Google Patents

Description

No. 70l,|22. Patented'May 27, I902.

E. E. YAXLEY. COMBINED LIGHTNING ARRESTED AND BINDING POST.

(Application flXed Mar. 13, 1901.)

(No Model.)

ads 94 51 m' UNrrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST E. YAXLEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN ELEC- TRIC TELEPHONE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

COMBINED LlGHTNlNG-ARRESTER AND BlNDlNG-POSTS SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 701,122, dated May 27, 1902.

Application filed March 13,1901.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ERNESTE. YAXLEY, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improveinentin a Combined Lightning-Arreste r and Binding-Posts, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a form of lightning- I0 arrester adapted more particularly for use in connection with and for the purpose of protecting the various devices and instruments involved in a subscribers telephone set.

Generally stated, the object of my invention is to provide asimple, efficient, and comparatively inexpensive lightning-arrester of the foregoing character.

A special object is to provide an'arrester which may be also employed for making the usual connection between the telephone set and line-wires, so as to obviate the necessity of employing two separate and distinct de vices.

Another object is to provide a construction. and relative arrangement which will adord ready and convenient access to the difierent parts, so as to facilitate cleaning and repair and so as to also facilitate the making of any necessary adj ustmentsas, for example, in grounding either side of the line or in shortcircuiting the subscribers set during a severe electrical storm.

The nature and advantages of my invention will, however, hereinafter more fully appear.

Reference may now be had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan View of myimproved lightning-arrester shown mounted upon a base. Fig. 2 is a side view of the same. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the connections of the line and lightning-arrester to its earth connection. Fig. 4: is a view showing the lightning-arrester in position upon the 5 apparatus of a subscribers telephone set.

I have shown the lightning-arrester A as it is designed to be attached to the front of a subscribers telephone set,this apparatus consisting, as shown, of a base C and bindingposts mounted thereon, the binding-posts G C receiving the line-wire D and the bindingpost E being connected to the earth or ground Serial No. 50,968. (No model.)

at E Each binding-post has a collar J, providing a central opening through it, and a carhon-pencil section or elongated circular-block J held to the binding-post by extending through said collar and by the set-screwj. These carbon-pencil sections I when mounted and held rigidly upon the binding-postsin the manner described are positioned end to end, the inner end surface of the line binding-post carbon sections being in close proximity to the ends of the section of carbon held in the ground binding-post. Thus the discharging-surfaces of the carbon sections are in close proximity to one another, separated only by a small air-space between them. In the normal operation of a telephone apparatus the currents on the line-wire pass from the incoming binding-post C through the instrument to the outgoing binding-post C as the air-spaces between the carbon sections present a relatively higher resistance than the resistance of the instrument itself.

When, I however, a disruptive lightning discharge of anextremely high potential encroaches upon the line, it tends to seek the nearest ground, and therefore passes from the line and bind ingpost into one of the carbon sections and disrnptively discharges from the line carbon section to the carbon section held in the ground binding-post and from thence to the ground or earth. When metal is employed,

the tendency of the repeated disruptive discharges is to form papillae between the pre- .sented metal ends of the arrester, and thus establish a permanent path between the secmeans of paper or any other substanceinserted between the carbon ends. Further, it often becomes necessary during thecontinuance of I00 a severe electrical storm to establisha permanent short-circuiting path to earth between the two binding-posts of the instrument, thus short-circuiting the instrument and taking it plished in my apparatus by loosening the setscrew jot the binding-post connected with the line to be grounded and then bringing the carbon section of that binding-post firmly into contact with the intermediate carbon section held by the ground binding-post and then set up the set-screw to maintain such intimate contact. It will be seen that each binding-post is, with the exception of the socket for the carbon, substantially of the usual form and provided at its top or outer end with a set-screw Z for holding a wire in the relatively small transverse opening 2. The base of each binding-post is preferably adapted'to be secured to the common base 0 in any suitable'or well-known manner. In this way each binding-post is provided at a point between its ends with a relatively large socket or transverse opening for a carbon and also with the set-screwy" for holding the carbon in place. In this way the fastening devices for securing the Wires in place are located immediately above or outside of the carbon-sockets. With this arrangement and construction the wires are easily and conveniently secured in place to the tops of the binding-posts, and, as stated, the carbons are in position to be easily adjusted and cleaned. It is evident that in my apparatus these adjustments for the purpose of short-circuiting the instrument or connecting either line-wire to ground through the lightning-arrester may be accomplished with facility and convenience, and it is also apparent that when it is desired to restore the apparatus to the normal conditions proper adjustments between the sections of carbon may be obtained accurately and conveniently. The lightningarresteras so constructed also presents a compact and substantial piece of self-contained apparatus.

If arranged close together, as shown, the middle carbon can be removed by sliding it out through one of the outside posts. In this Way the three carbons may be readily -removed without detaching the posts. Practically the carbons are capable of, unlimited adjustment in either direction. With this construction and relative arrangement the carbons are, as stated, easily accessible and readily adjustable to suit the requirements. Furthermore, the device is adapted to serve both as a lightning-arrester and as a bindingpost arrangement for making the usual connection between the telephone set and linewires. In this -way the invention obviates the necessity of employing two separate devices for these different purposes.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A lightning-arrester comprising three combined carbon-holders and binding-posts, each post having a transverse opening, three carbons held end to end in said openings and arranged in line, the head of each post being provided with a screw-threaded member for securing a wire in place.

2. A lightning-arrester comprising a plurality of combined carbon-holders and binding-posts, each post being formed with a base and a head and also with an enlarged middle or intermediate portion having a transverse opening, adjustable carbons held end to end in said openings and arranged in line, the head of each post being provided with a screwthreaded member for securing a wire in place.

3 The combination of three metal posts having their bases secured to a support and arranged close together in a row, a cylin-dric piece of carbon extending transversely through the middle portion of each post, the three carbons thus arranged end to end in a line being capable of unlimited endwise adjustment in either direction, and screwthreaded members mounted upon the heads of said posts and adapted for securing wires in place.

4. A lightning-arrester comprising three metal posts having their bases secured to a support and arranged close together in a row, each post being provided with a transverse opening, three carbons held end to end in said openingsand arranged in line, said carbons being capable of unlimited endwise ad'- just-ment in either direction, screws holding the carbons in place, a screw-threaded memher for connecting the middle post with a grounded conductor, and screw threaded members for connecting the outside posts with the circuit-conductors.

5. A lightniug-arrester for use in connection with a subscribers telephone set, consisting of three binding-posts having their bases secured to asuitable support, each bind ing-post being provided with a transverselyextending socket or opening," the said binding-posts being arranged in a row with their said openings or sockets in line, cylindric pieces of carbon mounted in said sockets or openings and held end to end, set-screws for holding the carbons inplace, the free end of each binding-post being provided with a relatively small transverse opening adapted to receive a wire, and also with a longitudinallyextending set-screw for holding a Wire in said relatively small opening.

Signed by me at Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, this 11th day of March, 1901.

ERNEST E. YAXLEY.

Witnesses:

CHARLES C. BULKLEY, HARRY P. BAUMGARTNER.

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