US698810A

US698810A - Heating-stove.

Info

Publication number: US698810A
Application number: US91622A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edwin R Cahoone
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1901-03-05
Filing date: 1902-01-28
Publication date: 1902-04-29
Anticipated expiration: 1919-04-29

Description

Patenfed Apr. '29, |902.

E. ,Ri CAHODNE.

` HEATING sTovE.

`(Application filed Jan. 28, 1902.)

LNn Model.)

wi blusas 4 Sheets-'Sheet' l7 M ttomwg Patented Apr. 29,1902.

fm1.'v 69mm E. n. cAHouNE. HEATING `STOVE.

(Application led Jan. 28; 1902.)

v4 shuts-sheet 2.

No. 698.18m..

HEATING -smv|=..A (Application med Jan. 2, 1902.)

.4 Sheets-'Sheet .3.

v(llo Model.)

Witwen@ No. 698,8I0. Patented Apr. "29; i902. y

Y' E. R. (IAHONE.- :HEATING sTovE.

(Application led Jan. 28, 19(12.) (No Model.) v 4 SheetAs-Sheet 4` y Y .r v

, v lrmmf UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN R. OAHOONE, vOF TROY, NE\V YORK.

HEATING-Nove.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 698,810, dated April 29, 1902.

Original application filed March 5, 1901l Serial No. 49,818.

.To a/ZZ whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, EDWIN R. CAHooNE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Troy, county of Rensselaer,State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating-Stoves, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in downdraftv heating-stoves and forms a division of my application filed March 5, 1901, Serial No. 49,818.

The prime object of the invention is to provide an air-heating chamber at a point where the fuel is usually incandescent and to mount on said chamber a re-pot and lire-pot eX- tension, each having specific means for`distributing air in conjunction with the airheating chamber.

In downdraft-stoves it is important that the heated air introduced for promoting combustion be uniformly distributed to the fuel and at the same time deliver the supply of air constantly.

It is therefore one of the purposes of this invention to prevent the uneven introduction of air by providing coverings .for those of the air-inlets which varelikely to become clogged by the fuel, so'that in the event of the lay of the fuel being such that at one pointtheairi4 supply would be cut olf at the face of any particular inlet the passage would still-be uninterrupted and the ingress of air at other points would not be stopped. A

It is also the purposeof this inventionito provide a downdraft-stove wherein heated air is introduced at various points andv levels above the level of the bed of fuel and simultaneously therewith deliver air to the incandescent mass of fuel below the top thereof, all of said heated-air currents being drawn through the fuel under the iniiu'ence of the draft.

Many other objects and advantages will be hereinafter referredA to and be particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 isv a vertical section of a stove constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section of the air-heating chamber. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the stove, taken approximately on the line Divided and this application ined January 28,1902. serai (No model.)

A A of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a detail elevation of the air-heating chamber, illustrating the end of-one of the air-inlet pipes. Fig. 5 is a top ,planview of the air-heating chamber.

6 is an enlarged detail section of the means employed to fasten the air-heating chamber in position. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on the line B B of Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a detail horizontal section on the line C C, Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a detail vertical section of the means employed for introducing air to the escaping4 products of combustion. Fig. 10 is a detail horizontal section on line D D, Fig. 1. Fig. 1l is a detail horizontal section of a modification of air-pockets. v

The numeral 1V represents the stove-casing; 2,V the grate; 3, the fire-pot; 4, the exit-space intermediate the re-pot and casing; 5, .the air-heating chamber, and 6 the Ysmoke-exit flue.

The air-heating chamber 5 is mounted on supports 7 and is preferably composed of two sections 8 and .9, bolted or otherwisesecured together. The section 9 is composed of an outer and inner wall 10 and 11, which taper down toward their lower ends to the bottom 12,'wherein is formed a series of air-exit openings -13. In the inner wall 11 is formed a step or shoulder 15, provided with a series of perforations 16. Extending from the upper edges of the. lower section are Vvertical and V.horizontal flanges 17, the two forming a seat forthe upper section 8. The section 8 is approximately U-shaped in cross-section, eX- cept that its inner wall 19 has an inwardlyprojecting ange 20 at its lower end, which is provided with a series of verticallyarranged air-exit openings 2l, and on the inclined portionl 22 of the section 8 are a number ofrlarger openings 23. The upper inner edge 24 of the section Sis slightly inclined toward the center and is provided with a series of air-exit openings 25.

Extending radially from the sections 8 and 9 are semicircular'lugs 26, each having a bafiie-plate 27, and when said sections are placed together they form air-inlet flues 28. In each lower lug 26 is a vertical boss 29, having in its upper end a notch 30. The flues 28 register with openings 31 in the stove-casing 1,

and over the openings are placed ornamental Fig.

plates 32, perforated at 33 and having passed through the centerva bolt 34, the inner end of which is seated in the notch 30 and is held therein by a nut 35, said nut fitting between flanges formed on the inner sides of the boss 29. By meansof this construction the parts can be quickly assembled andbolted, and should access to the chamber be desired through a iiue 2S the screw 34 is releasedthe plate 32 is slightly raised to disengage the nut and bolt from the notch, when it can be Withdrawn. Lugs 36, having a crotch 37 in their upper ends, project from the upper section 8 and are designed to more effectually secure the chamber 5 in position. A bolt 38, passing through the crotch and a perforation in the casing, clamps the parts together.

To prevent uneven distribution of the heated air to the fire-pot, partitions 39 are arranged in the air-heating chamber, forming practically two separate compartments. This insures the air being directed evenly in each side of the chamber.

Hung in the openings 23 are bars 40, coinprisiug the lower part of the fire-pot.A The bars fit the openings 'loosely to permit air to pass to the fuel.

The numeral 4]. represents a ring resting on the air-heating chamber and is designed to perform adouble function, to wit: The in ner side, which extends toward the center, overlaps the annular chamber 5 and deflects the currents of heated air coming through the perforations 25 down into the bed of the fuel, and it further supports the upper portion of the fire-pot and its extension. The fire-pot may be, if desired, made in one piece. However, the most practical construction will be ceptible to ignition when the lowest part of the `fire-pot is reached, Where of course in stoves of this type the mass of fuel is the hottest.

The upper end of the section 46 is beveled,

soV as to afford as little resistance to the fuel and incoming air-currents as possible. The

n fire-pot extension is, for the convenience of construction, preferably of double-.truncatedcone formation, the lower cone being provided with a series of air pocket-s or depressions 48 (shown best in Fig. 8) and are covered on the inner side by slotted plates 49. of such shape as to fit in depressions surrounding the pockets 4S, and each plate has at its lower end a reduced angularly-bent portion 50, tting in a socket 5l in the upper fianged end of the fire-pot section 46, and at Plates 49 are;

the upper end is formed an eye 52 for the passage of a screw, rivet, or hookto rigidly fasten the plates in position. Y

53 represents slots in the plate which form communication with the fire-pot and the pockets 48.

The lower portion of the plates 49 are open, as at 55, to permit free exit of the currents of air and gas, it beingvnoted, however, that most of the air-currents und their way down the grooves 47.

. On the outside of the upper section of the fire-pot extension and preferably intermediate the air-pockets 4S area series of airducts 57, designed to introduce currents of heated air from the top of the stove above the bed of the fuel at a point approximately on a line with the exit-openings 55. The two separate sets of air-currents coming through the ducts 57 and openings 55 entering their respective. ducts at different heights are of somewhat different temperatures and veloci- I ties, which creates a plurality of resi-stances to mix the air and gases-that is to say, the air fed to the fuel through theopenings v55 being nearer the re is necessarily of higher temperature than the air delivered from above, and by the lay of the fuel the air is broken. l Hence the velocity and heat of th various currents areirregular.

The top 59 of theA stove may be of any construction and is provided with a number of depending air-inlet tubes 60 and a fuel-inlet 6l, covered by a door 62. The tubes are preferably formed by a plate provided with ribs to bear against the wall of the fire-pot extension, thus completing the tubes or ducts. The tubes or ducts taper in cross-section and incline toward the center, directing a series of regular currents of heated air thereto, the admission of said air being regulated by a damper 63.

In the upper part of the extension of the .fire-pot is a damper 64, the purpose and operation of which willbe hereinafter referred to. Surrounding the lower part ofthe extension and the upper sect-.ion 46 is a Waterjacket 65, having the usual inlet and Outlet pipes. (Not shown.) It is my purpose to preferably make thisfeature around the fire-pot proper; but this `will be determined according to the various circumstances which arise in placing a stove of this character.

Between the outer Wall of the casingl and the re-pot is a space or exit-passage 4,through which the products of combustion pass on the way to the exit-flue 6. Extending from the outer wall l and across the passage 4 and through the section 46 is what I shall term a combined air-introducer and sight-opening7 97. The device consists of an outer flange 68, bearing against the casing l, an inclined bevel-chute 69, having its lower end reduced to form a flange to lit snugly in the section 46, a suitable damper being arranged at the mouth of the chute to regulate the ,supply of air to be admitted to the fuel.

IOO

IIS

In the exit-space 4 and below the flue 6 is a baffle-plate 70, extendingapproximately halfway around the structure, and itinclines upwardly toward the stove-front. In the baffleplate and directly under the iiue 6 is a darnper 7l, affording an additional means whereby the products of combustion may be controlled.

Approximately where the products of combustion leave the fire-pot and enter the space 4 I provide aseries of air-introducers 75, each consisting of anopen frame 76, which registers with an opening 77 in the casing l, a perforated partition 7S being interposed in the frame 76 and a series of notches 79 being formed at the outer end of said frame. A jacket 80 surrounds the frame 76 and is somewhat larger than the latter, forminga passage 8l, which communicates with the atmosphere through the openings 82, a sheet of transparent material 83 being interposed between the outer end of the frame 76 and the front of the jacket 80. The air surrounding the stove enters the passage through the openings 82 and thence passes through the notches 79 to the interior of the frame 76, where it encounters the perforated partition 7 8, which breaks the air into nely-divided particles. The introduction of these fine particles of heated air at this point mixes with the escaping products of combustion before the smoke-gases form, which tends to ignite the unconsumed molecules of gas and therefore produce a better grade of combustion. This structure is claimed in an application filed by me January 14, 1902, No. 89,740, and allowed March 26, 1902.

The operation is substantially as follows: Fuel is fed through the feed-opening 6l and falls into the fire-pot below. Suppose the fire to have been started audit is desired to openthe feed-door 62. The damper G4 is opened and by so doing the smoke and gases which would ordinarily be drawn into the room rush through the opening uncovered bythe movement of the damper to the exit-due 6. When the door 62 is closed and the fuel is sufficiently ignited, the damper 64 is closed, whereuponv the currents of heated air directed through the tubes or ducts enter the fire-pot, and if they cannot penetrate the body of fuel from this point they pass through slots in the pockets 4S, distributing air-currents into the crevices formed between the fuel, or out of the bottom into the grooves 47, where the heated air is disseminated into the heat of the mass of fuel,-after which the products of combustion escape from the fire-pot through the slots formed between the pendent bars and up through the Apassage 4 to the exit-flue. It is apparent that the escaping heat on its way to the eXit-iiue will be deflected toward the frontv of the stove by the baffle-plate 70, and as itcontacts with this plate it is somewhat broken and forced forward and made to travel farther, and the consumed molecules of gas are brought into contact with the continued supply of highly-heated air and again made more liable to lbe ignited before passing out to the atmosphere. Should the products of combustion in passing through the passage 4 to the exit-fine be all directed by the bafiie-plate toward the back of the stove and cause an uneven distribution of radiant heat to the room, the damper 7l will be closed, or almost so, and the desired equalization of the heat may be regulated. If the fire does not ignite as rapidly as the operator thinks it should and it is to be forced, the air-introducers 69 are opened and currents of heated air are directed into the body of the fuel, which after it mixes and ignites the unburned gases in the fire-pot passes into the space 4, thence to t-he exit-Hue. This is equally so with the air introduced from the air-heating chamber 5, the various air-,currents from the chamber 5 being s0 directed as to create a series of resistances between the air and the gas in the fire-pot. For instance, the currents of air coming from -the perforations 25 strike the ring 41, which deflects the air toward the center of the fuel, and air-currents coming from the perforations 2l in a vertical direction meet the broken particles of gas caused by the mixing of theupper air-currents, again creating a mixingaction. Further than this, air-currents are delivered horizontally through the openings-23,

'inwhich are seated the end ofy the portable and hold eachother in position, as shown,

most clearly in the drawings, is, so far as I am aware, decidedly unique and practical in theart. j

It is sometimes desirable to introduce air to and through the fuel from the bottom, either simultaneously with or independent of the airintroduced from the top, and to adequately supply this air a damper 98 is provided in the ash-pit. When air is admitted at this point in combination with the air supply from above, the two currents meet, which causes them to spread and disseminate into the fuel, releasing and igniting the gases, such meeting of the air-currents beingindicated by arrows in Fig. 1.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new isl. A downdraft-s-tove comprising a casing, a fire-pot provided with a series of air-pockets, detachable covers for said pockets having slots whereby fuel is prevented falling into the pockets and the free ingress and egress of IOC IIO

the air to the fuel is not retarded, and means for securing the covers in position, substantially as described.

2. A downdraft-stove comprising a casing, a fire-pot provided with a series of air-pockets,.- detachable covers for said pockets which are open at' the lower ends, whereby the ingress and egress of'air to thefuel is permitted, and

means for securing the covers in position,-

substantially as described.

3. A downdraft-stove comprising a casing,

a fire-pot having a series of pockets, covers for l said pockets which are reduced at their lower ends, seats for the reduced ends,and means for locking the covers in position, whereby the admission of air to the fuel is not retarded, substantially as'described.

el. A downdraft-stove comprising a casing,

a dre-pot, meansffor introducing currents of preheated air downwardly to the fuel in the fire-pot, said air being drawnthrough the fuel under the influence of the draft, a plurality of air-pockets in the fire-pot, a space being formed intermediate the re-pot and casing which communicates with the lower end ofy the fire-pot, an exit-flue co'mmnnicatingwith the space at or near the top of the latter and a damper in the upper part of the fire-pot at or near vthe exit-line, substantially as described. .f

5. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a fire-pot which is providedwith a plurality of air-pockets, slotted covers for said air-pockets, a series of air-introducers in the lire-pot below said pockets and at a the pockets, pendent portable bars havingv exit-spaces therebetween forming the bottom of the lire-pot, a space being formed inter-- mediate the fire-pot'and casing which communicates with the fire-pot through the spacesbetween the pendent portable bars and an exit-flue communicating with the space at or near the top, substantially as described.

8. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a fire-pot made in sections, the lower section being constructed of pendent portable bars, means for independently supporting said bars, an air-heatin g chamber having aseries of air-exits surrounding the portable bars, a plate or flange adapted to deflect the air-currents coming from the air-heating chamber toward the bed of fuel, means for supplying air to the air-heating chamber, the

upper section of the nre-pot restingl on the plate or iiangeand being provided with a series of air-pockets, and means at or near the top of the-stove forintroducing currents of heatedv air, substantially as described.

9. A downdraft-stove comprising a casing, a iire-pot'made in sections, the lower section being made up of pendent portable bars, a space'being formed between the casing and fire-pot, an air-heating chamber surrounding the portable bars, a plate or flange which supports the upper section of the lire-pot, pockets being formed iny said uppersection, a damper above the air-pockets, means for introducing currents of heated air above the bed of the fuel,.and an exit-flue communicating with the space at or near the top, substantially as described.

lO. In avdowndraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a' lire-pot having a series of openings at its lower end, a space being formed intermediate the lire-pot andv casing, a damperat or near the top of the lire-pot, an exit-flue communicating with the space at or near the top, means for introducing individual currents of heated air downwardly to the fuel, and means for introducing currents of air into the incandescent mass of fuel from the sides, said air being drawn through the fuel under the influence of the draft, substantially as described.

1l. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a lire-pot having a series of openings at itsA lower end which communilcate with an exit-space formed intermediate the fire-pot and casin g, a perforated air-heating chamber forming a part of the fire-pot structure,a water-jacket surrounding the outside of the iirepot,.said water-jacket being above and in close relation to the air-chamber,an exit-flue communicating with the space at or near the top thereof, and means for introducing currents of heated air to the top of the fuel, said air-currents being drawn `through the fuel under the influence'of the draft.

12. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a fire-pot, having a series of slots at the bottom which communicate with a space intermediate the nre-pot and casing,

an air-heating chamber having air-exits surrounding the-firepot, flues for introducing air to said chamber, means for deflecting selected currents of air coming from the chamber toward the center of the fuel, and means for introducing currents of heated air above the fuel, all of said air-currents being drawn through the fuel under the influence of the draft, substantially as described.

13. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, affire-pot having a series of.

openings at its lower end which communicate with a space intermediate the casing and repot, an air-heating chamber in the space, said chamber having a series of air-exits to introduce heated air to the fuel, ues for introducing air to the air-heating chamber, and

IOO

means for introducing currents of heated air above the fuel, all of said air-currents being drawn through the fuel under the influence of the draft.

14. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a fire-pot having a series of openings atv the bottom which communicate with a space intermediate the casing and firepot, an exit-flue communicating with said space, an air-heating chamber having airexits surrounding the fire-pot, means for supporting the air-heating chamber in the space, the inner wall of said chamber forming a portion of the fire-pot, means for introducing air tothe air-heating chamber, and means for introducing` currents of heated air above the fuel,the air-currents beingdrawn through vthe fuel under the influence of the draft, sub- .stantially as described.

15. In a downdraft'stove, the combination with a casing, a lire-pot, an exit-flue, an airheating chamber surrounding the fire-pot which has a series of air-exits, means for introducing air to said chamber, means for iny .troducing air in individual currents to the body of the fuel, and means for delivering.

individual currentsof heated air at different levels to the top of the bed of the fuel, all of said air-currents being drawn through the fuel underthe infiuen ce ofthe draft, substantially as described.

16. Ina downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a fire-pot having a series of openings at its lower end which communicate with a space formed intermediate the casing and fire pot, an exit flue, an air heating chamber mounted in said space, means for supplying air to the chamber, and a series of eXit-openin gs being formed in the chamber at dierent angles and of different sizes to deliver air-currents at various points to the fuel at varying angles and proportions, said airourrents being drawn through the fuel under the iniiuence of the draft, substantially as described.

17. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a tire-pot, an exit-fine, an airheating chamber having air-exitssurround ing the fire-pot, an air-heatingchamber,ducts connecting with said air-heating chamber to deliver heated air above the fuel, and means permitting the passage of the heated air should the mass of fuel become packed, subf stantially as described.

18.In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a fire-pot, an exit-flue, means for introducing individual currents of air to the top of the fuel, means for introducingindvidual currents of air to the fuel below the top thereof,a passage or passages being formed on the interior of the fire-pot to permit the air to pass on the outside of the fuel, openings being formed for the escape of the air from the passage or passages to the fuel, said air together with the individual currents being drawn down through the fuel undei1 thev influence of the draft, substantial-ly as described.

19. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a fire-pot having a series of openings at the lower end which communicate with a space formed intermediate the casing and fire-pot, a iiue communicating with said space, an air-heating chamber surrounding the fire-pot, a series of air-exits being formed therein to introduce air to the fuel, means for introducing air to the fuel from the top, and means for introducing finely-divided air-currents to the products of combustion where the latter leave the lire-pot to enter the space, allvof the air-currents being drawn through the fuel under the influence of the draft, substantially as described.

20. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with Aa lire-pot, Ameans for introducing'currents of heated air to the top of the fuel, means for introducing heated ai'r to the sides of the fuel, means for introducing heated air intermediate the two aforesaid means, and a series of air-pockets, in the fire-pot, substantially as described. f

21. In a dcwndraft-stove, the combination witha casing, a fire-pot,jmade in sections,

the lower section being constructed of pendl ent portable bars, means for independently supporting said bars, an air-heating chamber having a series of air-exits surrounding the portable bars, means for deflecting part of the air-currents coming from the air-heating chamber toward the bedof fuel, means for supplying air to the air-heating cham ber, the upper section of the fire-pot resting onthe means for deflecting a part of the air, airpockets, and means at or near the top of the stove for introducing currents of heated air, substantially as described. L i

. 22. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casinga fire-pot having a series of openings at the lower end which communicate with a space formed intermediate the casing andfire-pot, an air-heating chamber in'` the tire-pot, having a series of air-openings to in- IOO troduce heated-air to the fuel, means for inl troducing individual currents of heated air to the top of the fuel, means for introducing currents of heated air intermediate the means for delivering air to the top of the fuelvand the series of openings at the lower end of the lire-pot, the air-currents being drawn through thefuel under theinuence of the draft,iand means for introducing finely-divided air-currents to the products of combustion after the latter leave the lire-pot'.

23. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with.arcasing, a re-pot, which is provided with'one or more air-pockets, air-introducers located above the air-pockets and the bed of fuel and adjacent the' walls of the fire-pot, and a series of'air-introducers in the fire-pot .at a point below the top of the bed of the fuel where the latter is. incandescent.

24. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a lire-pot, having a series of openings which communicate with an exitspace formed intermediate the fire-pot and casing, a perforated air-heating chamber forming a part of the fire-pot structure, a Water-j acket located in said exit-space and above the air-heating chamber, an exit-due communicating with the space above the Waterjacket, and means for introducting currents of air toward the fuel, said air-currents being drawn through the fuel under the infinence of the draft.

25. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing, a fire-pot, having a series of openings rat the bottom which communicate With a. space intermediate the fire-pot and casing, an air-heating chamber having airexits in the lire-pot, said chamber being adjacent the tire-pot, means for introducing air to said chamber, means for introducing individual currents of heated air above the fuel,

all of said currents being drawn through the fuel under the influence of thedrafr, substantially as described.

26. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a casing,la fire-pot, an exit-flue, an airheating chamber adjacent the fire-pot, said chamber having a series 'of air-exits, means for introducing air to said chamber, means for introducing air in individual currents to the body of the fuel, means for delivering heated air-currents to the fuel at different levels, all of the air-currents being drawn through the fuel under the inliuence of the draft, and a plurality of air-pockets in the fire-pot, substantially as described.

27. In a downdraft-stove, the combination with a fire-pot having openings at its lower end which communicate with a space formed intermediate the casing and fire-pot, an exitflue, an air-heating chamber adjacentthe firepot, means for supplying air to the chamber, a series of exit-openings being formed in the chamber at different angles and of different sizes to deliver air-currents at varying angles and proportions, said air-currents being drawn through the fuel under the influence of the draft, substantially as described.

f i 2S. In a downdraft'stove, the combination with a casing, of a {ire-pot having grooves therein, and being provided with openings which communicate with a space formed intermediate the casin g and'i re-pot, a plurality of airpockets` above the grooves which cooperate therewith, aneXit-lue and means for introducing air above Ithe fuel, said air being drawn through the fuel under the induenee of the draft, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand'in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWIN R. CAHOONE.

Witnesses:

FRANK SHRANDER, WILLIAM S. HOPKINS.