US690857A - Brick-making machinery. - Google Patents

Description

No. 690,857. y Patented lan. 7, |902. H. HANNI.

BRICK MAKING MACHINERY.

Y (Appuctiq'n med may 9, 1901.) l

` 5 Sheets-Sheet l.

(llo Mqdei.)

No. 690,857. Patented 1an. 7, |902.

H. HAMM.

BRICK MAKING-MACHINERY. (Applioaticn mud/May 9, 1901.1 (No Model.) 5 Sheets-*Sheet 2.

(nunmal.)A

www5/5%' l www Paiented 1an. 7., |902.

H. HANNI.

BRICK MAKING MACHINERY'.

(Application med my 9, 1901;)

- 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

nu. 000,057. Patented 1an. 7,- |002. H. HANNI.

BRICK MAKING MACHINERY. (Applieion med may 9, 1901.) (|10 Nudeln 5 Sheets- Sheet 4.

ny, W y' H. HANNI.

BRICK MAKING MACHINERY. (Applicgtogx filed lllmy 9, 1901.) (No Model.) 5' Sheetsv-Sheet 5.

Patented lan. 17, |902.

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UNITED A STATES c PATENT OFFICE. i

HENRY HANNI, OF PORTLAND, OREGON.

BRICK-MAKING MACHINERY.

SPECIFICATION'forming partl of Letters Patent No. 690,857, dated January 7, 1902.

ippncafion'mea Mey 9, 1901. serial No. 59,531. (No model.)

n lowing is a specification, referencebeinghad to the accompanying drawingsas constituting a part thereof.

My inventionrelates to improvementsA in Vbrick-making machinery operating to cut and separate into blocks of brick sizes the stream of stiff clay expressed from the pug-mill and the objects of my invention `are to obtain a machine of inexpensive construction performing the following operations: irst, cutting off a slab from the stream of clay exuded by the pug-mill and conveying such slab to the mechanism performing the second step below described, such slab-conveyer also be- '.ing adapted to present a'constantly-wettedcarrying-surface to facilitate moving the slab onto the cutting-table; second, cutting thel slab into brick sizes; third, separating the` freshly-cut blocks of clay, and, fourth, picking up such blocks from the cutting-table and placing the same on a portable pallet for oarrying to the hack. l

To accomplish myobjects, my invention comprises three mechanical 4contrivances, each performing a; complete step in the entire operation, such contrivances, .however,.being inseparably related to each otherr in order to produce and place the blocks of clay or bricks ready for the hack, as will be seen.

The construction and operation of my brickmaking machinery will be readily understood from the drawings above referred to and the description thereof hereinafter given.

In such drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudi- -nal section centrally taken of. my improved brick-making machine, including both the brick-cutting and the brick-separating mechanisms and appurtenances for picking up the separated bricks and placing them on a pallet on which to be'carried to the hack. Fig. l?

shows the swinging frame 38, supported from arms 58, thrown forward, as it would beafter having been operated to seize thenewly-cut .brick and convey them from in front of the cutting-table tothepallet for carryingto the hack. Fig; 2 is a front elevation of the brickseparating mechanism. Fig. 3 is la front elevation of the brick-cutting. mechanism, the

brick-separating mechanismfthat is to say, all devices to the left of the line indicated by a. b, Fig. l-.having been removed. Fig. 4 is 4a partial.,transversefvertical section takenon Va line pointed by the arrows ,c d looking in the direction pointed by the arrow e in Fig) 1. Fig. 4al is a detail showing in elevation the clam p-colla'r. taken on a line pointedby the arrowj'of. Fig.

Fig; 5 is a partial plan section 2, but on a larger scale, and shows them/,ech-

anism for operating the brick-clutchingdevices, whereby the brick after `having: been separated are seized and carried to the pallet.

Fig. .6 is a detail of the contrivances for movably supporting one of the duplicate cuttingtables and appurtenances in operative yposition. Fig. 6. is a detailshowing an endview of the socket of the a'rm '35 and illustrated means for so supporting the bar 39 asto al- -low the same' to hang down when not inuse. y Fig. .7 is a plan of the contrivances shown `in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 isa detailof the reciprocating grooved plate T47. Fig. 9 is a partial'longitudinal section illustrating the means. for limiting the downward travel of such plate 47 and also shows 'the operative connection between the lower endsof the arms 46 and said plate 47. Fig. 1-0 is a partial plan section showing.

a portion of one of the sides 42 on which. are cast guides 50 for the,reciproeating.plate 47 to operate in. Fig. 11 is a detail showingthe -operative connection between the arms46 and Fig. 12 is an elevation of the conveyer or mechanism 46' with the reciprocating plate 47.

for conveying the separated slab lof lclayzto the cutting-table. v Fig. 13 is a partial transverse section taken on the line g h.-of1Fig.., f12 l'ookingin thedirectionfpointed by. thearnow i. Fig. 14 is a longitudinal section illustrat ing journalfbearings for cutting-wheel .83.011

frame 1'75. Fig. 15 is a detail showinginelevation the cutter 83 for separating .aslab of clay from the streamexpressed bythe pugmill; and Fig. 16 is anelevation of the wheel 95, affixed onlthe end of the journal of one of ,the rolls 7 3 7.9 for rotating the same.

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The letters and numerals designate the parts referred to in the description of my invention.

The conveyer, the cutting mechanism, and the dividing mechanism have each independent frames. The framesof the latter two are rigidly united by bolts and nuts 3, inserted through perforations, as 3, in the flanges of the opposed portions of the two frames 5 and 42, sleeves 4 being inserted on the bolts 3 between the two frames.

My cutting mechanism consists of a frame comprising sides 5, rigidly united by tie-bolts 6. In the upper portion of the frame are bolted upper and lower horizontal rails 7 8, having V- shaped bearingfaces. Between such rails travels the carrier 9, constructed of two sliding shoes, their bearing-faces being V-shaped like the rails 7 8, and such shoes beingconnectedbyarod1O,eXtendingthrough the arms of the pusher 12. To hold the pusher in place on the rod 10, sleeves 11 are inserted on both ends of the latter. The head 14 of the pusher rests and slides on the cuttingtable. The pusher operates to push the slab of clay delivered on the cutting-table f-rom the png-mill against the cutting-wires 30. Such pusher comprises a pair of arms joined at the head ends by webs 13 13a. Below such rod the arms have dependent portions 12", perforated to receive the rod 10. To the head 13 is secured a block of hard wood 14, faced with a piece of thick felt 15 or other suitable elastic material, having a series' of vertical incisions to receive the cutting-wires 30. The pusher is reciprocated by arms 16, fast on the shaft 17and respectively connected bylinks 18 18 with the carrier 9,the shaft 17 havingalever 19 for operating the pusher 12, as mentioned, during the brick-cutting operation. Projecting upwardly from the frame of the cutting mechanism are pedestals 20, provided with boxes 2l, furnishing the bearing for the axle 22, supporting a pair of two-membered arms 23 23a, carrying duplicate cutting-tables 2 2, and cutters 24 24, the cutters 24 being in operative position and the cutters 24a standing in inactive or reserve position.

My object in providing duplicate cutters was to be prepared for a case of the wires in one set of cutters being broken and avoid the interruption which such would necessitate. As my cutting devices are arranged in my machine a simple turn of the lever or handle 40 would swing the broken set of cutters out of operative position and putin their place the second or auxiliary set of cutters and allow the brick-making operation to be` proceeded with again within a very little while after the break had occurred, and while one of the duplicate cutters is in use the one which is out of repair can be fixed up, s o as to be ready for use. The tables of the cutting mechanism are supported in operative position by the pair of notched arms 34 35, a detail of which is shown in Figs. 6 and 7, such arms being pivotally supported from brackets 35h, bolted to the frame 5 and operatively connected by a bar 36. Each of the arms 34 35 is provided with a socket 34 35, adapted to receive a bar 39, with which to turn the arms 34 35 under or from under the cuttingtable, either supporting one of such cuttingtables in operative position or clearing the same to allow the duplicate tables to be rotated to replace one for the other. In order that the bar 39 will not be in the way when not in use, it may be adapted to be dropped, as shown in Fig. 6 by the dotted outline thereof 39a. To allow the bar 39 to be dropped, as mentioned, it is provided at its inner end with a slot 39", and the socket of the arm 35 has horizontally-registering perforations to receive a pin 39, and a portion of 35 of the mouth end of said socket is omitted. Thus the bar 39 may be drawn forward and allowed to hang down from the pin 39C, as shown in Fig. 6a. Each individual set of the duplicate cutters 24 24a in construction resembles `like devices of that character now in use. The arms 23 23' are castings journaled between the pedestal's 20. The shaft .or axle 22 thereof is supported in the boxes' 2l. To make the arms and frames of the duplicate cutting mechanism and tables of sufficiently rigid construction, the duplicate arms have projecting hubs 23C, in which to receive the ends of the shaft 227 andintermediately between the duplicate arms there is inserted on the shaft 22 a sleeve 23", having perforated flanges 23f at both ends to'laeceive bolts 23, which extend through registering perforations in the said hubs. The frames 24 24, holding the cutting-wires, are bolted to the free ends of the arms 23 23, such frames consisting ot' two standards or vertical plates, between which are secured a pair of cross-plates 26 26, (See Figs. l and 3.) The cross-plates 26 26L have a sufticient space between them for `the insertion of the shanks ot the hooks 27, having threaded ends to receive a winged nut 28, providing the means for vertically adjusting the hooks, and thereby stretching the cutting-wires 30, attached thereto. The arms 23 23 have interior laterally-projecting flanges 1. On these flanges are bolted the cuttingtables 2 2, consisting of steel plates, and such plates or tables are stiifened on the under side by angle-irons 31 32. A bar 33 is horizontally secured between the standards 25 of the cutting-frame and provided with a series of vertical slots in which to receive the cutting-wires 30. The function of such bar is to hold the cutting-wires against lateral displacement. On the inner side of the angle-iron 31 is a series of pins 31 to which to fasten the lower ends of the cutting-wires, the upper ends of which are secured to the hooks 27, as mentioned. As both the bars 33 and the angle-irons 3l are merely secured by bolts and therefore removable, when desiring to change the size of the brick such angleirons and bars may be replaced by others adapted to hold the cutting-wires the desired IIO distances apart, the hooks 27 being adjusted to correspond funder such circumstances. When desiring to change from one set of cutters to another, the pusher 12 by operating'the lever 19 is moved suiiiciently back to clear, While in this position,y the pusher is supported by the clamp-collar the cutting-tables.

. 41, inserted lover the ends of thefsleeve 23b and held in place by the flange'id, cast o n such sleeve, said clamp-collarv having'a projecting lug 41 engaging ribs12, ca st on the inner side of the arms of the pusher, as shown in Fig. 4. To one side of theframe of the brickcutting mechanism is' attachedrthe mechanism Vshown in elevation in Fig.` 12,-op, erating to cut oif a `slab of clayand con vey the same to the cuttingtable., The frameojf; such conveyor comprisestwo sides 75, united by tie-bolts 76 76 andthecross-plates.77777 at bothends. For ri gidly'attachin'g'the frame of .the conveyer to the frame of the cutting mechanism the plate'..`77 has a"perforati`on centrally located tol receive a bolt'inserted through'a perforation 74 inthe Lipper portion of the frame 5., andthe projecting two foo't part-s 7 5b are adapted to rest against the base of the frame 5, one of Asuch part-s 75"f setting on a lug 73, cast on the fraine and the other setting on the sleeve 4in line with said lug 73. The

Yportions 7575d'ofthe frame sides 75 provide journaled bearings forfthe pair of rolls 78 79 and for the smaller intermediate roll 80,`hav ingv flanges 81 at both ends. The cross-plate 77 has a perforated box m orbearing forthe headed boltf82, rotatably holding the cutter 83. TheI construction of ,the latter is shown in Fig. 15, -comprising'a rim with a single arm 84 and a handle 85, recessed to receive an adjustable hook 86, carrying a nut 86, 'rest ing on a spring 87 and holding one end of the` 4wire '88, the other end of which is secured to ahook on the hub 89. `This construction of thecutter 83 allowsva stream of clay emitted from the mouth of the pug-mill toV pass through the spaces 90 90 after each time the cutter has been operated to cut olf a slab of clay of the required size. The slab so separated passes onto thetable 91 and then on the endless belt 92 ext-ending around the rolls 78 79 and over the intermediate roll 90 and kept in suitable tensionby a roll 93, jo'urnaled between the sides ofthe tank 94, andon leaving the belt 92 said slab passes over the table 97 onto the cutting-table of` the brick-cutting mechanism. The tank 94 rests on scantling or blocks of wood supported crosswise on thebase of the'frame sides 75." The tank is yfilled Withwater, so asto wet the surface of the belt 92 as it passes through the tank,

the object being to keep the bearing-surface of such belt thoroughly wetted, the `film of Water carried by the Vbearirig-surface thereof acting as a lubricant forthe slab of clay and allowing said slab tobe readily moved from thebelt across the table 97 and onto the cutting-table in front'of the cutting-wires. The axle of one of the rolls 78 or 79 projects and carries a wheel 95, provided for convenience with four' handles 96, a Vquarter#turn of said rolls being Ysufici'ent to start tlie separated slab toward the cutting-table, and said slab must then be movedfin place in frontof'the cutting-wires by the hand. The delivery 'end of the pu gfmill is'placed immediately in front of the slab cutting'and conveying mechanism. As a slab oiclay is vdlit/"ered on the cutting-table the vpusherl12 is moved forward,

presses'suchslabagainst and through the out# ting-wires 3,0, and leaves the'separated clay portinsion the blocks 45 of themehanism 'for spreadingthe freshly-cut bricks and plac- `ingthe'm on the pallet ready for carrying to the hack.v The mechanism for performing the llast'tvs'fo operations consists ofa'sup'p'ort# ing -lfraxne comprising standards or frame sides 42bolted`toget'her in about lthe saine' manner as has been described of the st'and- 3 ardsor frame sides 45 of the frame of thec'ut` ting mechanism. In the upper portionof the standards 42 is secured the transversel'yezfy tending'rod or rail 43 and below the saine a rail "44,' having a V-shaped bearing-face 44u.. (See'Fig. 1'.) The rails '43 44 constitute'the supports for the series of 'sliding blocksf'45ll vIn their normal state'sifich sliding blocks'45 are close together, 'as showi'1" 'in'Fig. 2,"a'nd constitute an extension to the cntting-table abutting against the 'front 'edge'th'ereofhas seenin Fig.`1,'and receivingthe blocks-0f cl'ay'as they come from thefcuttingwiresfSO; The blocks '45 aremov'cd apart andtogether again by meansof a series'of fulcrumedarins 46 46c, the'blocks'45 being'prov'ided with pins 45?, which the upper 'extremities of the f u'l-k crumedarms engage." 'The arms 46 are un-`- 46 are yprovided at their lower extremities with stud-pins 46", which are inserted in the perforated blocks. The studlpins 46h are se.- cured inslots 46a in orderthat they may be properly set when adjusting the arms 46.. In the lower portion of the standards 42 is'jour naled a shaft 5l, having a lever 68 for' rock, `1 25 ing the same. On the shaftl are arm's'53`, and the links 52 connect such arms with the ears 54, projecting from the'under side ofthe plate 47. `Thus .by rocking the shaftV 5`1`byN means of the lever 68 the plate' 47 may be moved up and down. As the plate 47 is drawr'i` down the blocks 49 slide in thel diagonal grooves 48 and in sodoing cause the upper ends ofthe fulcru med arms 46 and theblocks 45, therewith connected, to spread apart. As

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(See cross-section`,"Figs`. 9 and the required motion of the two inner arms 46C is but slight and their fulcrum-pins have necessarily to be placed well up toward their upper ends, a plate 55 is secured to the rail 44 and holds the fulcrum-pins for the inner arms 46. As will be observed from Fig. 2, only the outer two of the arms 46 are necessarily bifurcated, for such arms alone are required to move the blocks 45 in both directions. The intermediate arms are required to move the intermediate blocks 45 outwardly only, and the two end arms move the blocks together again. The downward travel of the Vertically-reciprocating plate 47 is limited by means of a set-screw 56, seated in the flange 57, projecting from the interior of thc frame sides 5, and by the adjustment of such setscrew is regulated the distance which the arms 45 will spread apart on operating the lever 68. Since the bricks will be placed on the pallet on which they are carried to the hack in the same position as they were placed by the blocks 45, the operation of the latter must be adj usted according to circumstances, so as to allow a sufficient circulation of air between the bricks while drying. On the rod 43 are also journaled the arms 58, from which is pivotally suspended the swinging frame 38, carrying the devices operating to pick up the freshlycut bricks and place the same on the pallet after they are properly separated. The dependent arms 38b of the frame 38 provide Ithe bearings for the two sliding bars 59 59, connected by the links 60 with the levers 69, which are fulcrumed in laterally-projecting portions 38*L of said frame 38. On such sliding bars are adjustably secured a series of clutches 61 6l, the function of which is to grasp the spring-arms 62 of the hands 62". The arms 62 are bolted to blocks 63, and the latter are provided with threaded studs and bolts 63 for securing them in place, the studs being inserted between the pair of cross-bars 38, being integral p0rtions of the swinging frame. The normal position of the hands (32"L is shown in Fig. 2, the hands of two continuous arms being in contact throughout the intermediate series. By operating the lever 69 iu the direction indicated by the arrow fn, Fig. 5, the sliding bars 59 59 will be moved in opposite directions, thereby causing the clutches 6l, engaging the arm 62, to spread the hands apart, and as soon as the lever 69 is released the hands will regain their normal state. Vhile a slab of clay on the cutting-table 2 is being pushed through the cutting-wires the frame 38 will be thrown forward in the position in which it is shown in dotted outline in Fig. l. After the freshly-cut bricks have been pushed onto the heads of the blocks 45 the lever 68 is operated to spread said blocks and the bricks thereon resting, as described. While the bricks are so spread apart, the hands 62 can pass between them, the outerof the hands 62 passing the outer sides of the end bricks. By now operating the lever 69 to spread the hands 62a apart each brick will be seized between a pair of hands, and then taking hold of the handle 38e the arms 58 and the swinging frame 88 can be pulled forward, so as to bring the bricks on a pallet j, previously placed in suitable table k, as indicated in Fig. l. The lever 69 being now released thehands 62 will let go of the bricks, and the pallet may be carried away to the hack. The clutches 6l 611 are adjustable. They are not shown in relative adjustment in Fig. 5; but such adjustment can readily be ascertained by studying Fig. 2. While the swinging frame 38 is leaning forward, my machine is ready for a new batch of bricks to be cut out of a slab of clay conveyed in front of the cutter-wires, the blocks 45 being first restored to their normal positions. The set-screws 64 65 in brackets G7 67, Fig. 2, provide adjustable rests for holding the arms 58 in proper position while thrown forward over the pallet, and when said arms are thrown back they rest against set-screws 64, seated in lugs GG on the interior of the frame sides 42, Fig.

1. To aline the swinging frame 38 when standing upright, the arms 58 are provided with projecting lugs 70, holding set-screws 7l, Fig. l.

The means above described for separating the freshly-cut bricks and thereupon conveying the same to the pallet presents a mechanism without which the making of good brick may at times be interfered with. It not infrequently happens that the clay is soft, and in such case the freshly-cut bricks Will not stand any handling with the hands without danger of spoiling their shape. With the use of my mechanism such soft condition of the clay is of no moment, the pressure of the hands 62n against the sides of the bricks being so uniform that it can be borne with impunity.

Having fully described my invention, now what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a brick-making machine, the combination of the supporting-frame, a rotatable duplicate cutting-table journaled in the upper portion of such frame, a support for the free end thereof; a reciprocating pusher for pushing the slab of clay deposited on the cutting-table through the cutting-wires; a series of blocks horizontally movable in front of the cutting-table; means for operating such movable blocks to spread them apart, and bring the same together again; arms journaled in the upper part ot said frame; a swinging frame suspended from said arms and provided with laterally-movable hands; and operative connections, adapted to spread said hands apart, for the purpose of grasping the newly-cut brick and lifting the same olf said blocks and onto the pallet, substantially as described.

2. In a brick-making machine, the combination of the supporting-frame, a rotatable duplicate cutting-table journaled in the upper portion of such frame, a support for the IOO IIO

free end thereof; a reciprocating pusher for pushing the slab of claydeposited on the cutting-table through the cutting-Wires; a

series of blocks horizontally movable in front ofthe cutting-table; means for operating such movable blocks to spread them apart, and

bring the same together again; arms journaled in the upper part of saidfra'me; a swinging frame suspended from saidarms and provided with laterally-movable hands; and operative connections adapted to spread said hands apart, for the purpose of grasping theneWly-cut brick and 'lifting the same off

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