US687962A - David b - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID B. HYDE, OF-BPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

ABRASWE WHEEL.

mm! forming part of Letters Patent It 687,958, dated Mb" 3, 1901. Application April ll, "ilsrllll'a ".181. (Is nodal.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Davin B. lives, a citisen of the United States, residing at 8 ring laid, in thecounty of Clark and Staten Ohio,

have invented certain new and useful imroventents in Abrasive Wheels of which the ollowing is a specification, reference being bad therein to theaccompanying drawings.

This invention relates to abrasive wheels,

to and more particularly to that class of abrasive wheels in which the periphery or edge of the wheel is utilised as an abrasive surface, the wheel itself being constructed of abrasive material, and has for its object to produce a u 5 wheel which shall have a wider capability of adaptation to diiferent uses and a onger period of usefulness; and to these ends the invention consists in certain novel features, which I will now proceed to describe and will so then particularly point out in the elaimh.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of an abrasive wheel embodying my invention in one form. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is as side elevation of a modified form. Fig. 4 is a similar view of a second modification, and Fig. 6 a similar view oi a third modification.

Abrasive wheels, disregarding the varlons methods of manufacture, vary as 'to go the kind of abrasive material eujlcyed, the condition of the abrasive materi as to coarseness or fineness, and the character of the bonding material employed. Thus the abrasive material may be emery, corundum,

5 carhorundum, dismonslte, or some other abrasive material, the several materials diffaring in character and quality. Moreover, each of these diifsrent materials may be employed in diflerent sizes, the grains ranging o from aeonaidersble size down to the tinest flour. Again, the character of the binding medium as to hardness, due either to the material employed or to the treatment to which it is subjected, may vary within a wide range. These several elements determine what is hereinafter referred to as the "character of the composition of which the sections or parts of the wheel are composed; and my invention consists in constructing an 5c abrasive wheel whereof that portion or those portions nearest the center are of a eomposb tion of a character dilerent from the on Mr or remaining portion or portions which lie farthest from the center.

An abrasive wheel constructed in accordance with my invention may be composed of a plurality of sections or parts, any practicehis number greater than one being employed, these sections or parts differing successively in character from the center to the periphery of the wheel, the several successive sections being preferably annular in form and their meeting and adyoining surfaces being referabiy irregular, notched or toothed, an intertitt ng, so as to presentas lsrgeacontset-snrface as possible.

When abrasive wheels of a certain degree of hardness and diameter have been in use for a given length of time at a given speed of revolution, it has been found in practice that during the wearing oi! of the first inch or so of the wheel it cuts properly and wears in a satisfactory manner. The remaining portion, however, wears much more rapidly than it should it the same speed of the grinding-spindie be maintained. This is caused by the working periphery of the wheel having a much lower surface s when the diameter of the wheel is thus ecressed by wear, and where the wheel is of uniform character from center to periphery the wear is much more rapid, for the reason that experience shows that with a given hardness of wheel the wear increases with the slowness of travel in proportion to the work done, and the slower the peripheral velocity the harder should the wheel be in order to accomplish thesame work with the same wear and in the same time.

it. would frequently be advantageous to the user of abrasive wheels if a wheel could be obtained of considerable diameter to be used that on work requiring a corrse-grained sbra sive material until the wheel is partially worn down, the wheel being then transferred to another machine requiring a wheel of doorl lined abrasive material or used in the same machine on such work. it would also be advautageous to the user to employ a wheel which could be that need on work requiring a soft wheel and which when the wheel is partially worn down could be subsequently used on s diderent character ofwork requiring, for

j uasrtoho partial instance, a hard wheel. Again the varions abrasive materials vary tly in cost, some being much more ennui: than others, and t e trcqnentiy advent us to the able to obtain a whee constructed iy of Lil expensive abrasive, such as oornndum, and partially of a cheaper abralvo, such as emery the peripheral or outer portion of the wheel being constructed, say. of corundnm and the inner or central portion ct emery, since the entire wheel would be less "pensive than one constructed of eornndum slot: 4, end after the outer corundnm portion is worn away the inner or emery portion could be used on work of the character to which it is adapted. These several advantages 1 ob tain b the construction which I have devised and w ich I have illustrated in several different forms, which I will now proceed to dese scribe.

Referring iiret to the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, I have there shown an abrasive wheel 1 built up of annularseotions 2, 8, 4,'snd ii, diifering in the character of the composition em ioyed either as to the abrasive material emp oyed, the size of the grains of the material, the bonding Inaterisi, as to character or hardness, or as to any two or more oi these determining elements. These several sections or parts are shown as annular in form and permanently united in the process of manufacture of the wheel, so as to form a single unitary wheel. It will be readily understood thstss the successive portions or sections of the wheel wear away the wheel may beemployed on other work or other machincsin connection with which it is adapted for use.

In Fig. 8 I have shown a wheel composed of a central portion 8 and an outer or pe' rlpheral portion (,oniy twosectious being employed and the two sections difleriug in the character of the compositions from which they are made in the manner hereinbefore 45 set forth, for it will be obvious that my invention is not limited to the employment of any definite nnmber'otssctlons, any number greater than one within the limits of practicsbiiitz being within its scope.

so In constructions just referred to the defining-lines between the sections of the wheel are circular; but Ido not wish to be understood as limiting myself to such a constructicn, and in Fire. 4 and ii I have shown 55 constructions in wh oh the meeting surfaces ii of the sections 0! the wheel are toothed or notched, so as to interlock with each other, and thus notonly present the greatestsmount possible of ccntactsurface to obtain abetter 6o adhesion between the sections, but also provide an interlocking construction which will more firmly unite the sections and reduce the possibility of disintegration by bursting or otherwise Wheels embed made by any 0 the known pm gm. pioiyed in the construction oi abrasive wheels, so as these processes are familiar to those skilled in the art they require no particular description here. Itwlll bennderstood,however, that whatever the recess of manufactnre employed may be-t at is tosay, whether the wheel iss tsmped wheel, a pressed wheel, a vitrified wheel or a vulcanized wheel-the Broncos emplo ed is such that when the wheel completed t is a single or unitary mass, did'ering, however, as to the character of the various annular portions of which it is com- I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the dprecise details of construction herelubefcre escribed, as these details may obviously be varied without departing from the principle of my invention.

I am aware that it has heretofore been proposed to construct a polishing-head of metal or the like for polishing stone by the use oi a separate abrasive material not forming a portion of the head, such head being con etructed of bands of metal of gradually increasing hardness from the center tothc outer edge and the head being mounted on a backing or an port of a width equal to the diamstar of e head and being so used that the list face or side of the head constitutes the working on rface. Such a construction is set forth in Letters Patent No. 451,327, granted April 28, 1891, to John Kiar. My proposed construction is distinguished from this by the fact that the wheel itself is composed of abrasive material and that the periphery is the working-surface, the ciamplngplates being of less diameter than the wheel.

Havin thus fully described my invention, what I n im so new, and desire to secure by Lbttcrs Patent, is-- 1. An abrasive wheol consisting of a inralityofannularsectionsdllferinginthec sractor of the abrasive compositions of which they are composed, the peripheral or ed rtion of the wheel constituting the wor ug surface, substantially as described.

2. An abrasive wheel consisting of a inrslityofaunnlersectionsdifleringin the c or actor of the abrasive compositions of which they are composed, the meeting surfaces of the sections being toothed or serrated to in terlocir and present large oontacbeurfaces.

in testimony whereof I aflls my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DAVID ii. HYDE.

Witnesses:

Am. B. KUHKLE, Iavnrn Mihhlit.

ug my invention may be

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