US687579A - Magnetic separator. - Google Patents

Description

F. A. M. SCHIECHEL.

MAGNETIC SEPABATOR.

(Application flle d Apz 26, 1898.)

Patented Nov. 26, IBM.

(No Model.) I

I fi fizzle/7715K.

*. I FfQ/JKWZM UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRIEDRICH ARTHUR MAXIMILIAN SOHIEOHEL, OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE- MAIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM OF METALLURGISCl-IE GESELL- SOHAFT, A. G., OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 687,579, dated November 26, 1901. Application filed April 26,1893. Serial No. 679,030. (No model.)

1071/07" it y concern: ticles between them, so that by close j uxta- Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH ARTHUR position a veryhighly concentrated magnetic MAXIMILIAN SOHIECHEL, mining engineer, fieldis produced. All raising ofthe magnetic residing at Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany, particlesthat is to say, overcoming the force 5 have invented new and useful Improvements of gravity-is rendered unnecessary. The

in Magnetic Separators, of which the followmagnetic particles move along the place of ing is a specification. greatest concentration and are acted upon This invention has for its object mainly the during the whole of this period. treatment of weakly-magnetic bodies accord- The accompanying drawings illustrate a 10 ing to the process as described in the patents form of construction of the new machine.

to J. P. Wetherill, Nos. 555,792 and 555,793, Figure l is a side elevation, partly in secdated March 3, 1896; and it consists in imtion. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, and Fig. 3 provements of such nature which serve to fais a side elevation, of the front edge of the cilitate the treatment of substances which pole-piece on a larger scale. Fig. 4is an ele- 15 could be separated with the old apparatus and vation of Fig. 3. r r

for enabling such substances to be separated Of the two magnets A and B, which are of of which the magnetism is too weak to admit a wedge-shaped form, the lower magnet B has of the former apparatus being utilized for septhe edge of its pole-piece directed with'a steep arating the same. Thus, for example, it was upward inclination, while the pole-piece of 20 not possible with the old apparatus to utilize the upper magnet A is situated almost horifor the purpose of separation the very weak zontal. The two edges of the pole-pieces are magnetism of monazite, zinc-blends, copper adjusted relatively to each other in such a pyrites, and other substances whose paramanner that the edge of the magnet B is situmagnetism can be ascertained by the instruated below and slightly to one side of the ver- 2 5 ments of Faraday, although larger and more tical plane of the edge of the magnet A. (See efiective iron masses were employed as the Fig. 1.) On the edge of the magnet B there cores of the magnets. The operation of this is mounted an adjustable thin separatingmachine is such that eventually even an inplate G. The band D, which runs around the fluence can be had upon diamagnetic bodies front face of the upper magnet A, brings the go which would tend to assist the separating of previously suitably comminuted material,

the same from the paramagnetic bodies. which is supplied by the hopper E andthe In order to understand the mode of operaroller F in a uniform thin layer, as far as the tion of the machine, reference is made to the edge of the pole-piece of this magnet, whence well-known law that paramagnetic bodies itis delivered, describing a parabolic path or 3 5 have a tendency in a magnetic field to move trajectory, due to the combined influences of from a point of Weak concentration of the the attraction of gravity and of the onward magnetic lines of force to the point of the impulse produced by the motion of the conhighest concentration of these lines of force veyer-band. The separating-plate G isadand that diamagnetic bodies have a tendency justed in such a manner that if the electro- 40 to move away from the point of the field magnets are not energized at all the materials where there is the highest concentration. In brought by the band D will fall exactly and 0 the magnets of the machines described the just outside of this plate and will drop down place of the highest concentration of the lines on the right-hand side, Fig. 1, of the lower of force is a straight 'plane which connects magnet. In this movement the material 45 the two edges of the pole-pieces. passes along and in immediate proximity to The new apparatus combines the following the plane of the highest concentration of the properties: The edges of the pole-pieces need lines of force and over its whole extent. If only be arranged so far apart as is necessary this field be produced by energizing the electo allow of the passage of the magnetic partromagnets, the weak paramagnetic particles contained in the material charged into the machine will move out of the general parabolic path of the comminuted material and into the field of the highest concentration of the lines of force and will be caused by this impulse to describe a steeper parabolic path than the non magnetic constituents. They cannot therefore fall outside of the separating-plate G, but are compelled to fall down on the inner side of the same, (in Fig. 1 to the left of the magnet pole-piece 13,) and through and between the two edges of the pole-pieces. of course obvious that the speed of the conveyer-band mustbe proportioned to the power of the magnets, so that the material shall not be delivered at such a rate or momentum as to overcome the influence of the magnets.

\Vithoutwishingtorestricttheuse of themachine to any particular paramagnetic bodies it may be stated that with the aid of this machine the following. may be separated, as examples: monazite from quartz, zinc-blende from galena, and copper pyrites from calcareous spar, in which mixtures monazite, zincblende, and copper pyrites are the extremely weak paramagnetic substances, while quartz, galena, and calcareous sparare non-magnetic. If now there are in the mixture charged into the machine in addition to very weak paramagnetic and non-magnetic bodies also very strongly diamagnetic bodies, the presence of the latter will not interfere in any way with the separating operation, but rather facilitate it, for in moving along over the plane of highest concentration of the magnetic lines of force the diamagnetic bodies are repelled from the same instead of being drawn downward in the field, and therefore under the influence of the impulse given by the deliverybelt D describe a still flatter parabolic path than either the paramagnetic or non-magnetic constituents,and they therefore pass still more readily over the separating-plate than any of the other constituents of the mass. This action would take place, for example, in the separation of the mixture of zinc blende, quartz, and native bismuth or of zinc-blende and native bismuth alone. If in the mixture charged into the machine there are any more strongly paramagnetic substances such as spathic iron ore, hematitethen it may easily be the case that these more susceptible substances may adhere to the edges of the polepiece of the new machine. The removal of the same is effected at the upper magnet A without further difficulty by the conveyorband D, while the lower magnet must in this case also be provided with a special strippingband H, which runs in a similar manner (like the charging-band D around the upper polepiece edge) around the lower pole-piece edge, as indicated in the dotted lines in Fig. 1. For this purpose the separating-plate Gis provided with a recess h, through which the band H passes. The separating-plate may be omitted, if desired, if the pole-piece edge is made It is sufficiently sharp and is adjusted with sufficient accuracy.

Although I show the magnets herein as practically in horizontal and vertical planes, itis to be understood that the invention is not limited to this particular arrangement or to any particular angle of inclination of the magnets with respect to each other.

Now what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is the following:

1. In a magnetic separator, the combination ofamagnethavingapole-piece arranged edgewise in a substantially vertical plane and means for projecting the material to be treated in a generally horizontal path or trajectory across the plane of said pole-piece, whereby the influence of the magnet shortens the trajectory of the paramagnetic particles and causes them to fall on the near side of said magnet while the remaining constituents of the mass are carried on and fall on the opposite side.

2. In a magnetic separator,the combination of a magnet having a pole-piece arranged edgewisein a substantially vertical plane,and means for normally projecting the material to be treated from a point on one side of the vertical plane of the pole-piece in a generally horizontal path or trajectoryacross said plane to the opposite side, whereby the influence of the magnet shortens the trajectory of the paramagnetic particles causing them to fall on the near side of said magnet, and lengthens or flattens the trajectory of the diamagnetic particles causing them to fall farther beyond the magnet than the projecting means would normally deliver them.

3. In a magnetic separator,the combination of a pair of magnets having tapered polepieces, said pieces being inclined at an angle to each other,and one being located in alower plane than the other, whereby the material that passes over the edge of the pole-piece of the upper magnet is given a path or trajectory transverse to the plane of the pole-piece of the lower magnet.

4. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a pair of magnets having tapered polepieces, said pieces being inclined at an angle to each other, and one being located in a lower plane than and to one side of the other, and means for delivering the material to be separated over the edge of the pole-piece of the upper magnet in a path or trajectory transverse to the plane of the pole-piece of the lower magnet.

5. In a magnetic separator,the combination of a pair of magnets having tapered p0lepieces, one of said magnets being arranged in a substantially horizontal plane, and the other being arranged edgewise thereto in a substantially vertical plane below the plane of the other, whereby the material that passes over the edge of the pole-piece of the upper magnet is given a path ortrajectory transverse to the plane of the pole-piece of the lower ll V t magnet so that the magnetic particles may fall on the opposite side of the lower magnet from the remaining constituents of the mass.

6. In a magnetic separator,the combination of a pair of magnets having tapered polepieces, said pieces being inclined at an angle toward each other, and one being located in a lower plane than and to one side of the other, and an endless carriertraveling around the upper magnet to deliver the material to be separated over and beyond the edge of the pole-piece of said magnet in a path or trajectory transverse to the plane of the pole-piece of the lower magnet.

7. In a magnetic separator,the combination of a pair of magnets having tapered polepieces, said pieces being inclined at an angle toward each other, and one being located in a lower plane than and to one side of the other, and an endless carrier traveling around the upper magnet for delivering the material to be separated over and projecting it beyond the edge of said magnet, the power of the lower magnet being proportioned to the speed of said carrier so as to overcome the momentum of the paramagnetic particles and prevent them from being carried across the plane of the edge of the lower magnet.

.8. In a magnetic separator,the com binationspace intervening between the edges of the pole-pieces.

9. In a magnetic separator,the combination of a magnet set edgewise in a substantially vertical position, and having a tapered polepiece, a plate projecting from the edge of the pole-piece and adjustable so as to vary its inclination relative to the magnet, and means for delivering the material to be separated in a path or trajectory transverse to the plane of the pole-piece of said magnet.

10. Ina magnetic separator, the combina-' tion of a pair of magnets, one being arranged in a substantially horizontal position, and the other being arranged edgewise in a lower plane and in a substantially vertical position with an intervening space between the edges of the pole-pieces of said magnets, the polepiece of the vertical magnet being tapered and acting as a mechanical separator for the material falling from upper magnet, and means for delivering the material to be separated into the concentrated field between the respective pole-pieces.

11. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a magnet set edgewise in a substantially vertical position said magnet having a tapering pole-piece, a plate projecting from the edge of said pole-piece to separate the material falling in the field of the magnet, means to deliver the material to be separated into the field of said magnet, and an endless band traveling around the magnet for stripping said pole-piece. v y g In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

FRIEDRICH ARTHUR lllAXlllllLIAN SCHIECIIEL Witnesses:

OTTO FELLNER, JEAN GRUND.

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