US675345A - Music-chart. - Google Patents

Description

No. 675,345. Patented May 28, |901. H. BAUER. MUSIC CHART.

(Application filed Fab. 19, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I.'

nu Model.)

Patented May'za, 19m.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. BAUER.

-IUSIC CHART.

(Application led Feb. 19, 1901A se e:

(No Nadel.)

L i t; n t

Inventor:

fm @8a-uu NU- 675,345- V Y Patented May v28, r|901.

H. BAUER. Y

MUSIC CHART.

(Application led Feb. 19, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

TH: Norms Pinus cc. wcmumo. wAsHmovau. D1 cA UNITED STATES PATENT OEErcE.

HEINRICH BAUER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO SOHMER du COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MUSIC-CHART.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 675,345, dated May 28, 1901.

Application led February 19 1901. Serial No. 47,895. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, HEINRICH BAUER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Music-Charts, of which the following is a specification- This invention relates to a music-chart or a preparatory manual of harmony by which a student of music or the player of a4 musical instrument will be able to ascertain accurately the chords for any key in which he may desire to write or play. i The chart is so constructed that kby a short movement of a slide or transposer the various chords of the keynote are exposed, while all the other notes are concealed. The notes are so arranged on the transposer that successive chords are successively presented by a movement of the transposer less than the distance between the iirst and last note of the chord last presented.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a face view of my improved music-chart, showing it set to a D-maj or or the corresponding B-minor key. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on line 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a face View of the face-plate A with the slide or transposer removed. Fig. 4L is a face view of the transposer A detached. Fig. 5 is a face View of a modication of the music-chart; Fig. 6, a

rear view thereof; and Fig. 7, a cross-section on line 7 7, Fig. 6.

With particular reference to Figs. l to 4, the letter A represents the face-plate of the music-chart, and A2 is the back plate, Fig. 2, between which is formed a pocket for the reception of the slide or movable transposer A'.

The face-plate A is ruled longitudinally to form a series of subdivisions or rows a a2 a3 a4 and b h2 h3 b4 b5, of which the divisions c to a4 are designed to indicate the principal major chords, while the divisions h to h5 are to indicate the corresponding minor chords. The divisions a to d4 are therefore collectively marked Major key and are individually marked at the left end with the appellations of the chords which they are to indicate, viz: Tonic triad, Subdominant triad, Dominant chord of the seventh, and Diminished triad and minor chord of the seventh. The divisions b to b5 are collectively marked Minor key and are individually marked Tonic triad, Subdominant triad, Dominant chord of the seventh, Diminished triad and chord of diminished seventh, and Augmented triad.

Each of the subdivisions a to a4 and b to b5 is providedwith a number of perforations c and d, respectively, through which a part of the underlying slide A is exposed. These perforations are spaced differently for each subdivision, the spacing being as follows, taking the width of the perforation c or d as a unit: in division a', seven units between rst and second perforations, ve units between second and third perforations; in division a2, seven unitsbetween iirst and second, five between second and third; in division da, seven between iirst and second, ve between second and third, five between third and fourth; in division a4, five between first and second, live between second and third, seven between third and fourth; in division b', iive between first and second, seven between second and third; in division b2, five between first and second, seven between second and third; in division b3, seven between first and second, five between second and third, five between third and fourth; in division b4, five between first and second, live between second and third, ve between third and fourth; in division b5, seven between first and second, seven between second and third. Furthermore, the first perforations in divisions a? and a4 are set twounits to the right of first perforation in division a', while iirst perforation of division a3 is setfour units to the right. First perforation in division b5 is set directly beneath first perforation in division b. First perforations in divisions b2 b4 are set two units'to the right. First perforation in division b3 is set four unit-s to the right.

The perforations are respectively marked as follows: in division i a', 1, 3 major third, Perfect fifth, in division a2, 4, 6 major third, S perfect fth; in division a3, 5, 7 major third, 2 perfect fifth, Minor seventh; in division afgblank, Minor third, Diminished fifth, Minor seventh, in division b', l, 3 minor third, Perfect fifth, in division b2, 4, 6 minor third, 8 perfect fifth, in division b3, 5,

IOO

lo key note to which the .entire chart is set. f

shows the corresponding minor foundation or keyl note, and g shows the signatures.

The slide A', Fig. 4, is provided with nine rows of notes h h2 h3 h4 and 7l 26314712 placed,

x 5 respectively, under the divisions a' to a4 andb' to b5, so that the uncovered figures of any one row may be read through the perforations of the superposed division. The peculiarity in the arrangement of the notes in each row is 2o that by a movement of the slide less than the `distance between the first and last note of any exposed chord another chord will be exposed, while all the other chords will be concealed. Thus by successively drawing the slide one unit to the left the various successive chords will be exposed. To obtain this result, the notes in each row must be so arranged that the unit distances between the notes of any one chord are equal to the unit ,3Q distances between the notes of any other chord on the same. row and that, furthermore, the

notes of the different chords are placed be-4 tween the notes of other chords. Thus, to

illustrate, for vthe tonic-triad line a h thel first note on line h' is C, the note after the seventh unit (corresponding to the distance between the first and second perforation on line ct' of plate A) is E, and the note after the fifth unit from E (corresponding to the dis- 4o tance between the second and third perforations on line' a of plate A) is G. Thus when the chart is set to expose the foundation or key note C at the first perforation the tonic triad C,E,G for such note will be shown. Now

one unit to the right of note C there'is marked on slide A' the note Db, while F is marked to the right of E, and Ab is marked to the right of G. Thus by moving the slide A one space to the left the notes D17 F, Ab will be exposed,

5o which is the tonic triad of the key-note succeeding C-viz., Db. In a similar manner any other chord may be'formed by moving the slide into such a position that the key-note is exposed through the first perforation of row d'.

In order to obtain the result described, the notes cannot always be placed side by side, some blank spaces beingnecessary,two blanks being, for instance, formed between D and 6o Eb, one blank ,between Eb and E, dac., all as more fully represented in Fig. 4.

Simultaneously with exposing the tonic triad in the line a the other major chords of the same key-note are exposed in the lines a2 to d4, 'while the chords of the relative minor key will be exposed in the lines b to b5. To effect this result, the notes for each of the chords are arranged in a manner similar to that described in relation to the Vline LL-viz., the unit-spaces between the notes for any one chord are equalto the spaces between the notes of any of the other ehords'forthe same line and equal to the spaces between the corresponding perforations of plate A, while, furthermore, the notes of any one chord are sides thus readily ascertaining the various chords pertaining to any onekey-note, the diatonic scale of such note is also exposed through the openings marked successively il to 8. Thus Fig. l shows the chart set to D-major and the corresponding B-minor key. The tonic triad of the major key is D, F95, A, the subdominant triad G, B, D, 85e., while the diatonic major scale ascertained by following the numerals l to 8. is shown to be D, E, F55, G, A, B, C, D. In similar manner the other chords of the major key,- as well as the chords of the corresponding minor key and the diatonic scale of the minor key,-

are ascertained.

. Of course the key-note for each chordwill be shown through the first perforations of the top lines a' and b'; but I prefer to form two additional rowsj and 7c upon the slide A', to be exposed through the perforations e and f of the face-plate A. These additional keynotes have for their object to facilitate the set ting of the chart, the slide being moved until the note desired is exposed through the opening e or f.

To the right of the notes j and k the slide A is provided with upright rows of signatures Z, the sharps and Viiats being thus exposed for each key-note through the opening g.

Figs. 5 to 7 illustrate a modification of the invention, in which, the transposer in lieu of being a slide is a rotatable disk A11, that may be turned by means of a knob A3. The top and bottom plates A10 and A12 are also i'nade disk-shaped, and all the rows 0.11 to w14, as well as the rows Z211 to Z715, are made in the form of concentric circles. In order to reduce the size of the chart, the major chords are repre* sented on the top plate A10, while the minor chords are represented upon the bottom plate A12. Thus when the chart has been set to the foundation-key desired the major chords are read od from one side, and then the chart is4 reversed to ascertain the relative minor chords from the other side.

,7 5 placed between the notes of other chords. Be-

Ilo

010 represents the perforations in' the rows p vface-plate having a row of perforations ar-v ranged to correspond with the intervals of the chord, with-a movable transposer having a row of notes, the notes of each chord being spaced equally with the notes of other chords in said row, and being ,placed intermediate the notes of other chords, substantially as specified. e

2. In a music-chart, the combination of a face-plate having rows of perforations, with a movable transposer having rows of notes, the notes for any one chord being spaced equally with the' corresponding perforations of the face-plate, and being arranged intermediate the notes of other chords, substantially as specilied.

3. In a music-chart, a face-plate having a perforated tonic-triad row, a perforated subdominant-triad row, a perforated dominantchord-of-the-seventh row, and a perforated di- Ininished-triad and chord-of-the-seventh row,- combined with a movable transposer having corresponding rows of notes, the notesforming the chords for any one key-note being simultaneously exposed through the perforated rows of the face-plate,- and being placed intermediate the notes of other chords, substantially as specified.

Signed by me at New York city, county and State of Nev:r York, this 18th day of February, 1901.

HEINRICH BAUER.-

Vitnesses:

WILLIAM ScHULz, F. v. BRIESEN.

Images