US670131A - Engine-governor - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

Patented Mar. is, |90|. .1. DAVIDSON & T. B. HAMPSONL ENGINE-GOVERNOR.

(Application filed him 6, 1899.] I

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No. 670,131. Patented Mar. 19, 1902'. J. DAVIDSON & T. n. HAMPSON. ENGINE GOVERNOR.

(Application filed June 6, 1899.

(No Modfl.) 2 Sheets- 8mm 2.

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ATENT JOHN DAVIDSON, OF EGOLES, AND THOMAS REGINALD HAMPSON, OF CHESTER, ENGLAND.

ENGINE-GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 670,131, dated March 19, 1901.

Application filed June 6, 1899.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN DAVIDSON, a resident of Eccles," and THOMAS REGINALD HAMPSON, a resident of Chester, England, subjects of the Queen of England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine-Governors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to governors for steam and other fluid-pressure engines, and more particularly to the type of centrifugal governors in which centrifugal weights control the position of an eccentric connected with the valve or valve-gear by which the throw of the eccentric is altered.

According to this invention in connection with a disk or wheel on the engine or other shaft which carries the governor there is an eccentric pivoted or mounted on one side of the disk, while on the shaft there is loosely mounted a balanced inertia mass,and to a part of this mass the eccentric is connected, at the opposite side of the shaft to which it is connected to the disk or wheel, by a suitable joint. On a separate part of the disk there is a centrifugal weighted arm,which is hinged upon a pin or similar joint, and this arm is connected to the inertia mass. The position of the governor due to the speed at which it is revolved is controlled by a spring which is preferably attached to the centrifugal weight in such a manner as to act in a line directly through the center of the shaft, where by the weight pivot or joint is relieved of unnecessary pressure.

A governor having the characteristics herein described is powerful, and the pressure on the joints and parts due to centrifugal force is obviated, and thereby its action is rendered sensitive, and it possesses a high degree of effectiveness, while at the same time a powerfnl drive to the gear can be obtained and not at the expense of great friction. The

gear for speeding the governor consists of a circular toothed rack which is moved axially in and out of a frame by a screw-gear, a wheel mounted on a threaded spindle or worm carried on the governor-wheel and meshing with the circular rack and serving as a nut to the threaded spindle, and a lever and other con- $eria1No.'719,590, (N0 model.)

nections connecting this spindle with the spring, also carried on the wheel.

Drawings illustrating thisinvention are annexed to this specification, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation showing one arrangement of governor under the invention, while Figs. 2 and 3 show a modification in side elevation and cross-section. Figs. 4 and 5 are a longitudinal section and an outside View, partly in section, showing the speeder mechanism or gear under the invention.

Referring in the first instance to Fig. l, a is the carrier disk or wheel, and b is the shaft (which generally will be the crank-shaft) of the engine on and in connection with which the several parts of the governor are mounted and work. The loosely-mounted inertiaweight shown consists of two bob-weights c, at equal distances from the center of the shaft, on the end of arms 0, carried by a boss 0 which fits freely over and is carried by the end of the shaft 1) and about which it is free to move.

cl is the centrifugal weight, and cl is the supporting or carrying pin for the weight mounted on the disk a. p

e is the eccentric-sheave from which the cut-off valve of the engine would be driven, one part of which is pivoted on and carried by the pin f, mounted on the disk a, and another partviz., at a point on the opposite side of the shaft-4s connected with the inertia-weight arm a by a pin g. To thisinertia-weight also the centrifugal weightd is connected, the connection being by the link h, one end of which in the case shown is connected to the inertia-weightby the same joint-' pin g, while the other is connected to the center of the centrifugal weight d by a pin d 2' is the spring by which the position of parts above specified is controlled and normally held, the connection of the spring with the weights being by means of the rod 2', one end of which is coupled up with the weight 61 by the central pin 61 while to the other end, which is in the form of a link 2' for spanning the shaft 5, the spring is. directly attached. The outer end of the spring e' is held by an arm j on the pinj, carried in the disk a and adapted to oscillate axially in it. This arm j is controlled from the Speeder-gear hereinafter described. It will be seen that the spring is so disposed in relation to the centrifugal weight d as to act in a line directly through the center of the shaft 1). By this disposition in action the pressure on the joint 61 is relieved and the friction due to the centrifugal force is largely diminished or obviated and its action rendered sensitive.

In action under normal conditions when the engine is running at the rate of speed required the governor parts-namely, the inertia mass or weight 0 and centrifugal Weight cl and eccentric-sheave e-would take the relative positions shown, the direction of revolution of the disk at being that indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1. When a change ofspeed takes placesay an increase the weight 0 owing to the inertia of the mass will not directly receive the increase of speed and will not therefore move so fast as a,that is, it will tend to lag behind, while the centrifugal weight d will move outward about its supporting-pin d by the increase of centrifugal force. By these combined movements of the two weights 0 and (Z the eccentric-sheave e, which drives the valve, is shifted-that is, its center is shifted in relation to the crank of the engineand the speed reduced in the well-known way. If the speed of the engine, on the other hand, falls below the normal and that required, the mass 0 tends to overrun the disk (4 by the inertia of momentum, and as the forces due to the centrifugal action of the weight (Z become reduced the pull of the spring 2' becomes greater than the opposing force of the weight, and this excess of force coupled with that due to the inertia mass 0 moves the eccentric-sheave e in the opposite direction and so alters the throw of the valve it works in the opposite direction and the speed of the engine is increased in the wellknown Way. In these actions alimit of movement of the balanced inertia-weight c in either direction is obtained by the stops a on the disk a.

The modification of the governor shown in Figs. 2 and 3 consists in using an eccentricpin e--z'. e., eccentric to the center of the shaft b-outside the end of the shaft b for working the valve of the engine in lieu of an eccentric-sheave and making this eccentricpin in one with the centrifugal weight. This weight is coupled up with the inertia-weight c and adapted to be held in by a spring, as in the case above described. In other respects it is the same as the above governor.

The gear for adjusting the governor so as to cause the engine to run at the speed required is shown in Figs. 4 and 5. In this gear is the circular toothed rack. Itis mounted in the hollow sleeve Z on the fixed stand Z and moves in and out of such sleeve by a screw-spindle m, operated by the hand-wheel on. his the toothed nut-wheehwhiclr meshes with the circular teeth of the rack lo and has a threaded hole or bore through it, and 0 is the threaded shaft or worm which passes through this hole and gears with the thread thereof. The shaft 0 is carried in a fitting on the boss of the disk at, having brackets 19. The shaft 0 is connected by a connecting-rod q with an arm 0", mounted on the spindlej', carrying the holding-arm of the spring i. In operation by turning the screw-wheel m in either direction the rack 70 is moved in or out, (being suitably prevented from rotating,) and this rotates the nut-wheel n, which, having a thread internally where it fits over the shaft 0 and being prevented from turning by its connection with q, moves it longitudinally in one or other direction, and so through the connecting-rod q and arms 1" andj it diminishes or increases the tension of the spring 11. As regards the movement of these parts due to the rotation of the engine-shaft, as the axis of the circular rack 70 is coincident with that of the engine-shaft the wheel a revolves bodily about this rack while in constant gear with it and without acting upon it.

\Vhat is claimed in respect of the hereindescribed invention is 1. In combination in an engine-governor, the combination with the engine-shaft, a car rier fixed thereon and a balance inertia mass, of a weight having an arm pivoted to said carrier, a second arm extending from the right at right angles to the first pivoted to said mass, an arm extending from the weight intermediately of the first and a second havinga loop encircling the engine'shaft, a spring connected thereto arranged in alinement with the third arm and an eccentric for controlling the valve-gears pivoted to the carrier, and to said secondarm an inertia mass at the point of connection of second arm and mass.

2. An engine-governor of the kind herein referred to, comprising a balanced looselymounted inertia-weight carried on the engineshaft, a carrier; a centrifugal weight pivoted to the carrier and having a connection to said inertia-Weight; an eccentric connected with and controlled by said'weights a spring for controlling said weights; a stationary rack with circular teeth coincident with the axis of the engine-shaft, and adapted to be moved longitudinally; and a wheel carried by the shaft, having teeth meshing with the circular teeth of the rack, and motion-conveying connections between said wheel and said spring for regulating same; substantially as set forth.

3. An engine-governor of the kind herein referred to comprising a balanced looselymounted inertia-weight carried on the engineshaft, a carrier; acentrifugal weight pivoted to the carrier and having a connection to said inertia-weight; an eccentric connected with and controlled by said weights; a spring for controlling said weights; a stationary rack 70 with circular teeth, coincident with the axis of the engine-shaft, and adapted to be moved longitudinally; and a wheel n carried by the In witness whereof We have hereunto set our shaft, having tee! h meshing with the circular hands in presence of two Witnesses.

teeth of the rack 7c and acting as a nut; and a JOHN DAVIDSON.

threaded shafto on which said nut-wheelacts, THOS. REGINALD HAMPSON. 5 and revolving therewith, and connected with Witnesses:

the spring of the governor; substantially as WILLIAM CASH,

set forth. J NO. E. WALKER.

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