US669934A - Absorption ice and refrigerating machine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 669,934. Patented Mar. 12, |901` B. THOENS. i

l ABSORPTION ICE ANU REFRIGEHATING MACHINE.

(Application filed June 11. 1900.

rre Mtns concurran ruoENs, or'unw ORLEANS, LOUISIANA@ ABSORPTlON lCE AND REFRIGERATNG MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 669,9345,.dated March 12, 1901; appncanoniea June 11,19oo.4 semina. 19,920. Nds-@dem To @ZZ whom t may concern: l

Be it known that I, BpnoHAnD THOENS, a subject of the Emperor of Gerxnany,.residing at New Orleans, in the parish of Grleans and State of Louisiana, have in vented certain `new and useful Improvements in Absorption Ice and Reirigerating Machines; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and.

exact description of the invention, such as willenahle others' skilled in the'art to which it appertains to make and use the saine.

My invention `relates to improvements in ice and refrigerating machines of the absorption type; and the object of the invention is to provide 'an apparatus by whichmay be accomplished a fuller and a more nearly perfect exchange of the diierences of temperature between the different dui-ds used and-to obtain a greater proportion of condensed or distially cooled .and in the second Vvessel the cold fiuids are partially heated.

All parts of the apparatus are arranged with a View toderiving the greatest benefit ter be more fully described.

My invention will be understood by referfor `the purposes mentioned, as will hereinafence to the accompanying drawing, wherein areshown such parts of an absorption ice or refrigerating machine as are essential for a clear understanding of the invention, parte `referred. to v as ammonia-condenser,fanimonia pump,V absorber, weak liquor cooler, water cooler, boiler pump,`

vacuum-pump, dac., being understood to refer to devices of any approved construction or type suitable for the purposes required, and being well known inthe art are notillustrated. The drawing illustrates a vertical Y f such portionslof the apparatus as elnbo l {Qinyinvention and are necesjsary to a complete understanding thereof and its mode of operation.

The parts of the machine illustrated in the drawing are designed especially for ice-making, although they' may be used for other re` frgerating purposes. v

A represents a generator containing a steam heatingcoil'a, which enters the bottom of the generator, and ,a rich-liquorheating coil b, which enters near the upper portion of the generator and the lower end of which terminates in a stand-pipe c, provided at its upper end with a spray-plante".` d. The general forni `of this-generatoi-,ftherooil b, stand-pipe c, and spray-plate d I ,do not claim as new in connection with this apparatus, as a patent has' beengranted to me for these'features, No.

284,515, dated September 4,1893,and I have 7e introduced these here in combination with the new features hereinafter described for the sake of better illustration.

A closed vessel B containsac'oil e for hot lammonia-ga's, one end of which coil is connected with the upper part of the generator A, and the other end of which is connected with an ammonia-gas condenser. (Not shown.) The vessel B contains also a coil f for weak liquor. The pipe leading-to said coil f starts from the lower part of the generator A, and after passingthrough the vessel B passes to a weak-liquor cooler. (Not shown.) A. third. coil g in the vessel Bis provided for the passage of` any available exhauststeam from pumps or other source. leading to the coil g enters a suitable sep `rator F andconnects with an exhaust-steam .receiver E, whgen'ce itpassesV through another separator' F, and 4after passing through `the One end ot' the pi e vessel B terminates in the lower partei the liquor, which is forced through suchlcoil by means of` an ammonia-pump from the' absorber, (notshowmland the outlet of the.

eaidcoil is connected 'with the top end of the rieh-liluorfheating coil-b, located within the gene'raitdir'A. The vessel C also contains a coils), lue upper `end of which coil is connected with a cooling-water supply, and the outlet of which eenuee'ts with ia IilterDUllus- Y sel B. The vessel C contains a third coil Z,

connected at one end with a cooling-water supply, the pipe being allowed to carry olf wat-er from the said `from the pumps or other coil as waste. .Y

The outletof thfsteam heating-coil a in generatorA enters 1e lower part of vessel C. A pipe m connects thevessel C with a Watercooler (notshown) for conveying from the said vessel C condensed or distilled Water for use for freezing purposes. A pipe q connects the vessel C with a vacuutn-puinp. shown.)

The operation of the machineis as follows: A solution of ammonia-gas in water, which enters the generator A through Athe pipe and passes through the coil @discharges into the stand-pipe c in the lower erator and is heated in the surrounding gas and by contact with tf-he steam-coil a. The gas is thereby lseparated from the water and passes off through the pipe c, the hot weak liquor remaining in the generator. The condensed water formed in the coil a passes through the pipe a out of the bottom of the generator into the vessel C.

the generator A by The hot weak liquor passes from thegenera-y tor A through the pipej'and its coil within the vessel B, through the latter vessel, which i is partially filled with Water, and in the said vessel the hot weak liquor passing through -the coilf parts with some of its heat by evaporating some of the surrounding water within the said vessel, and it thence passes out to a Weak-liquor cooler (hereinbefore referred to,'but not shown) to be further cooled. The hot am monia-gas escaping from the generator through the pipe c passes through the coil in such pipe in the vessel B and thence on to they ammonia-condenser (not shown) to be liquefied. During its with some of its heat by evaporating some of the Water surrounding such coil, and thereby `becomes partially cooled. All exh'a ust-steam available source passes, by way of. the pipe g, through the separator F into the exhaust-steam receiver-` E and thence through another separator F and through thecoil in the vessel B into the vessel C. During itspassage through the coil g in the vessel B the exhaust-steam is condensed by evaporating some of the Water.

surrounding such coil within the vessel B, and this condensed water is the vessel C. Through the pipe h, which connects the upper parts of the vessels B and C,

` all the steam generated in the vessel B by heat from the coils e, j', and g is conducted into the vessel C. (Any grease extracted bythe sepaat the other end of the coil (Not portion of the genpassage through the coil ein the vessel B this hot ammonia-gas parts discharged into rators F and F from the exhauststeam passes by connections o o into the lower part oi the exhaust-steam receiver E,'fron1 Where it is 'o discharged by means of a waste'pipe jp, so that no portion of such grease as may be contained in the exhaust-steam will enter the vessel C.) Cold strong liquor is forced, by

means of an aminoniapfti mp,(not shown,) from 75 the absorber through the pipe t' and its coil within thevessel C on t the generator A, where the pipe z' connects with the coil b in the upper part of the generator. In this manner the cold strong liquor is delivered hot into the 8o generator for the-separation of the ammo, nia-gas therefrom, as hereinbefore described. As stated, the strong liquor enters the vessel C through the coil in the pipe 't' in a cold state, and the pipej conducts cold water from a suit- 8; able source through this coil within the Vessel C to the filter D. The steam generated in the Vessel'B passing over into the vessel C is condensed on the cold surfaces of the rich-liquor coil 1T, the cooling-water coilj, and 9o' the coil Z, through which a stream of coolingwater also passes. The condensation of this steam in the vessel C causes the partial heat ing of the rich liquor passing through the coil i and of the water passing through thecoilj. Thus the rich liquor passes froml thefcoil in the 'vessel C to the coil b in the generator A in a partially-heated condition, thus lessening the amount of heat necessary to cause its separation in the generator, and the water `loo passing through thecoil j in the vessel C is delivered to the vessel B in a partially-heated state, thus facilitating its evaporation within the vessel B. A portion of the water is'deliv: ered directly through the pipe K to the vessel B after passing through the ilter, the amount being regulated by the valve n, andthe baiance of the water is conducted by the-branch', pipe K to the'boiler-pump (notshown) which supplies the boiler used for operating the cej t-xo plant. It is also apparent that they water thus fed to the pump is partially heated and the production of steam in the boiler correspondingly assisted. y The third coil Z, which passes through the-"1 1'5 vessel C, is provided for the passage of additional cooling-water to insure a perfect and complete condensation of all steam entering the said vessel, and this wateris allowed toA run off as waste water through the pipe Z, as izo shown.Y Should more -condensed water" needed for freezing purposes, additional steam may be introduced bya branch piper, (indicated in dotted 1ines,) connected with the pipe g. All ofthe condensed water collected in the vessel C is conducted bymeans of the pipemto the distiHed-watercooler(notlshown) y to be further cooled for freezing purposes.

'The vessel C has connected thereto a pipe q, to which would be attached a Vacuum- [3o pump, (not sho,wn,) so as tio-provide means for lowering the boiling-point of the Water surrounding the coils cfg, and this also provides means for withdrawing from the concease/i vessel @any air or gases that may he contained in the Water.

In order to be able to discharge the water lfrom the vessel C, the latter innst be elevated to a position corresponding to the extent of lthe vacuum produced therein,` the pipe m servingl after the manner of a water-baroni eter.

In the arrangement hereinbetore described, and shown in the accompanying' drawing, it will be seen that the vessels B and C embody in themselves alone the 'various elementsnamely, an exchanger, a rolrlionor heater, a steam-condenser, a reboiler, and a feed-water heater-cach of which elementsis necessary 1o the operation of an absorption ice-making machine, and most of which, if not all, ordi narily constitute separato elements oi an icemaking plant.'

condenser and weak-liquor cooler, and, fur.

ther, by passing the steam generated thereby over into another closed vessel, wherein it is condensed, I obtain not only the condensed water froth the actual exhensosteain, condensed in the coil leading from pumps end frolnthe heating-coil in the generator, but I obtain yan additional amount of condensed water due to the evaporation of the water in the 'first-named ve sel by contact-coils, coils throughv which such hot fluids pass.-` in ad dition to this I obtain hot feed-.water for the boiler. i

Having thus described my invention, whatl I. claim, and desire to secure by Letters Pat-` ent of the United States, is-m v el. In am absorption ice or refrigeration machine, the combination `with a closed vessel; a second closed vessel, and a steam connection betweenl seid vessels; of a plurality of coils located in the first vessel; a gasgenerator, a strong-liquor connection between one of the coils in the second vessel and the said generator; a weak-liquor connection between said generator and one of the coils in the first vessel, al cold-strongliquor connection with one ol the coils in the second sessel; cold-water connections with other ot the said coils in said second vessel; connections between a a second closed vessel, and a steam Vconneco coils located in the first vessel; a iras-generator; a strong-liqnor connection between ond vessel; a weak-liquor connection between the said generator and one ot' the coils oi' the first vesseha heated-gasconnection between lthe generator and another of the coils in the first vessel; a colli-stroirliquor connection said second vessel;connections between cold-watercoil in the second vessel and4 the receiving partially-heated water from a coil in the second vessel, and the second vessel receiving steam from the vapor-ization of the water in' the first vessel, substantially as de scribed.

a second closed vessel, and a steam connection between the said vessels; of a plurality of coils located Ain the first vessel; a gas-gen raton-a strong-liquor connection between the generator and one of the coils of the second vessel; a'wealoliqnor connection between the said generator and one ofthe coils of the first ve'ss l; a. cold-strong-liquorl'connection with onefof the coils in they second vessel; 'cold-waiter connection with other of said coils in saidlsecoud vessel; connections between Va coldlwater coil in the second vessel andthe interior of the iirst vessel; a steam connec tion between one of the coils of the first vessels-and the interior oi' the second vessel, the steam thus entering being,r condensed `in the second vessel; the first Vessel receiving partially-heated water from a coil in the second vessel, and the second vessel receiving steam ,substantially es described.

4, In an labsorption ice or refrigeration inachiethe combination with a closed vessel,

second closed vessel and a steam connection between the upper portions of said vessels; of a plurality of coils located in the iirst vessel;A a gasgenerator; astronef-liquor connection between one of the coils in the sec ond vessel and said 'eeiiieratoig a weak-liquor connection between the said generator and one of the coils in the iirst vessel; a heatedgas connection between the generator and anr other ofl the coils in the 'Iirst vessel; a cold strongdiqnorconnection with one of the coils in the second vesser; eold-water connections with others of the said coils in said second vessel; connections between one of the cold- \vatercoiis in the second vessel and the interior of the', iirst vessel;4 a steam connection between one ofthe coils in the first vessel and the interior of the second vessel; the first vessel receiving partiaily-heated water Vfrom a chine, the combination with a closed vessel,`

the generator and one of the coils o the sec?4 with one of the coils inthe second vessel; cold? water connection with other of said coilsin In an absorption ice or refrigeration ina-- chine, the combinationw'th a closed vessel,

'generatedfroin the water in the iirst vessel,

ion between the said vessels; of a plurality interior of the first vessel; the first vessel IIO coil in the second vessel and the second vcssel receiving steam from the vaporization of pipe conducting the steam generated from the Water in the first vessel, substantially as ythe Water in contact with thehot-liuid coils described. Jover` into contact' with the cold-fluid coils,

5. In an absorption ice or refrigeration masubstantially as described.

chine, means for exchanging the temperatures '7. In an absorption ice or refrigeration ma of the dierent fluids used, consisting of a` fchinc, means for exchanging the temperature .group of hot-fluid coils submerged in Water;h of the dilerent fluids used, consisting of a a group of cold-fluid coils; hot gas, and hotgroup of hot-fluid coils submerged in water; weak-liquor connections with the coils of the a group of cold-fluid coils; hot gas, and hothot-fluid group; cold-strong-liquor and cold- Weak-liquor connectionswith the coils of the water connection with the coils of the coldhot-uid group; cold-strongliquor and coldfluid group; and means for conducting the water connection with the coils of the coldsteam from the water vaporized by contact fluid group and the space surrounding the with the hot-uid coils into contact with `the group of hot-duid coils; and a pipe conductvcold-fluid coils, substantially as described. ing the steam generated from the Waterin coil of the cold-duid group and the space sur- .t JNO. J. WARD,

` `6. In an absorption ice or refrigeration macontact with the hot-fluid coils over into coni chine, means for exchanging the temperatures tact with the cold-fluid coils; and a pipe leadof the different fluids used, consisting of a ing from the strong-liquor coil in the coldgroup of hot-Huid coils submerged in water; fluid group to a gas-generator, substantially a group of cold-fluid coils; hot gas,l and hotas described.

weak-liquor connections with the coils of the In testimony whereof I affix my signature hot-fluid group; cold-strong-liquor and coldin presence of.v two witnesses. water-connection with the coils of the cold- 1 BURCHARD THOENS. fluid group; a connection between a water- `Witnesses:

rounding the group of hot-fluid coils; and a ANDREW OVERDI.

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