US664468A - Pump-governor. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. 25, I900.

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RUDOLPH CONRADER, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

PUM P-GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part Letters Patent N 0. 664,468, dated December 25, 1900. Application filed January 31, 1900. Serial No- 3,473. (No model.)

in the county of Erie and State of Pennsyl- Vania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pump-Governors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to governors for pumping-engines; and it consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof, as will be hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

The object of the invention is to provide a pumping-engine with a governor which will increase or decrease the speed of the engine in accordance with its requirements and at the same time have the engine at all times under thecontrol of the governor, so that if there is a tendency for the engine to stop the governor will be immediately so operated upon as to give the engine its full power, re-

gardless of what the pressure against the en-.

gine may be.

In carrying out my invention I have a movable part which is controlled by the pressure of the accumulated fluid through the action of the pump and provide a centrifugal governor, the centripetal element of which is preferably a spring, and I secure the spring to the movable part controlled by the pressure of the accumulated fluid, so as to reduce the centripetal action as the pressure of the accumulated fluid increases, or, in other words, as the requirements of the engine decreases. By this means a slower speed of the engine will effect the same position of the governor-weights by reason of the decrease in the centripetal force and will regulate the supply to the engine accordingly. Heretoforein governors of this class, especially those operating as throttling-governors, there have been attempts made to provide for so changing the speed of the engine as to make it conform to the requirements of the engine; but in all of these, so far as I have been aware, the auxiliary device actuated by the pressure of accumulated fluid throws the centripetal part of the governorout of action when the engine is brought to its minimum speed. The

principal objection to this style of governor jas heretofore made is that when the engine is brought to this minimum speed and the boiler-: pressurefalls below certain limits the speed of the engine is so decreased that there is not snflicient momentum of the fly-wheel,together with the active pressure of the steam in the cylinder, to carry the engine through the stroke, so that it often happensthat the engine stopsunder these conditions. With my device when the engine is running at its minimum speed and there is any tendency to stop or get below this minimum speed the centripetal part of the governor is immediately acted upon, thus giving to the engine asufficient power at the diminished boiler-pres sure to carry it through each stroke, so that the difficuly heretofore experienced is obviated. It may be adjusted, however, so that when used with double engines it will entirely stop the engine when the desired pressure offluid is reached.

I have illustrated a type of governor embodying my invention in the following drawings, as follows:

Figure 1 shows a plan view of the governor. Fig, 2 shows a section on the line 2 2 in Figs. 1 and 3. Fig. 3 shows a side elevation from the right of Fig. 2. Fig.4 shows a detail of the pressure-regulating mechanism.

A marks the valve-chamber having the usual throttling-valves B therein. Secured to the valve-chamber is the governor-frame A, which in general arrangement is similar to the throttling-valve frame. Throttlingvalve stem C extends out. of the chamber A to a nut c. A carrier G, having the sleevebearing G, is journaled in the bearing a, in the frame A. It is provided at its lower end with the beveled gear g, which meshes the beveled gear h, as in the usual construction. Keyed to the beveled gear h is the shaft H, and this shaft is journaled in the bearing a, extending in the frame A. A drive-pulley G is keyed to the shaft H. A belt (not shown) runs from this pulley to a driven portion of the engine. Pivoted to the carrier G are the weights F, with the centers of gravity of the weights above the pivots. The links E E are secured to the weights and to across- IOO the stem C. The stem C extends through 6o the position shown in the drawings.

.of considerably greater strength thanthe- 'springJ ate in this cylinder.

the carrier G and is attached to or rests upon the nut '0. So far as described this is practically a throttling-governor, such as is shown and claimed in my Patent No. 559,440, of November 14, 1899.

lever I. The lever I has the throat 7; at its end which engages the nut c in the usual manner. It willbe noted that if an upward pressure is given to the throat '5 through the lever Iit will operate upon the links E to draw the weights G together, or, in other words, will form the centripetal element of the governor. In carrying out my invention I subject the lever I at the opposite end from the throatz' to a spring-pressure andvary this spring-pressure as the pressure of the fluid accumulated by the pump is varied. I have shown a preferable way of constructing this part of my invention, as follows: A pin J extends through an opening 1) inthe end of the leverl and is provided with the shoulder-j just above the opening, so as to allow the pin J to rest on the lever I. The pin J extends through a nut is, which is carried by the yoke 'K. This nut can be adjusted in the yoke K and is locked in position by the jam-nutk.

Arranged iutermediately on the pin J is the sliding block j. Springs J and J are arranged around the pin J,,the spring J being The spring Jis arranged between the sliding block j and the shoulderj.

in guides a extending from the frame A. Immediately below the yoke K is a cylinder bracket L.

sures below the port e. Extendingfrom each side of the yoke K are the projections 10*, and

extending on each side of the cylinder L are,

the projections e. Springs P are arranged lrbetween these projections and tend to draw the yoke K to its lowest position. In order to do this, of course, the springs must be as strong as the spring J.

The operation of the device so far asdescribed is as follows: As the engine is started,

there being no accumulated pressure of the fluid actuated by the pump, the springs P hold the yoke K to its lowest position or in The governor is then subjected to the centripetal action of the spring J, and the weaker spring J is contracted to its fullest extent, so that the sliding block j is brought into contact with the nut It. This centripetal action be-,

ing strong of course tends to hold the gov- Extending from the frame A is a inga in which is pivoted a The spring J is placed between the block j and the nut 70. The yoke K is arranged to slide ernor-weights in their inner position even at a relatively high speed, so that the engine starts olf at its maximum speed. As the fluid is accumulated by the engine the pressure gradually increases until it is as great as required. Of course if the fluid is drawn off as fast as it is accumulated by the pump the pump will continue atits maximum speed; but if the fluid is accumulated faster than it is required the pressure increases beyond that desired. The spring 0 is so tensioned as to resist a'press'ure up to the maximum desired pressure; but when the pressure becomes greater than'the maximum desired pressure the tension-spring O'is overcome, and the valve 0 is moved by the porte, (the opening 'n being in connection with, the supply of accumulated fluid.) The fluid under pressure then passes through the port 6 under the piston. M, and as the piston M has suificient area to readily overcome the springs P thepistonM is immediately'moved. to the upper end of the cylinder L. This carries the yoke K-with it and moves the n ut is upon the pin J a suificient distance to completely ,efiect the same position of the governorweights as the higher, speed did when the governor was subjected to a centripetal action of the heavier spring J. The speed of the engine is therefore reduced to that giving it the proper amount of steam to keep it in motion at the desired minimum speed. If the speed of the engine falls below this desired minimum speed, it immediately operates upon the governor bydecreasing the centrifugal force operating upon the weights G to such an extent that the centripetal action of the light spring J will draw them together. This'immediately opens the valve Eand gives to the engine a sufficiently'large amount of steam to keep the engine at the desired minimum. speed. By this means all danger of total stoppage of the single engine iseliminated, because the engine is given a sufficient speed even at the minimum to carry the engine through its stroke, even as against the highest'pressure to which fluid is to be accumulated by the engine. Where. the governoris used with a double engine, the springs may be adjusted to be entirely relieved of pressure where the piston is in its upper position. This reduces the centripetal force to such an extent that the weights separate even without rotation, so that the valve is entirely closed. If the fluid-pressure decreases below that desired, then immediately the valve 0 is moved past the port 6 by the action of the spring 0. This allows the fluid to pass from IIO the under side of the piston M into the chamber N and out of the opening 91. The springs P immediately draw the yoke K to its lowest position, and the governor operates under the centripetal action of the spring J. This of course increases the speed of the engine to its maximum.

In order that there'may not be any sudden action by reason of a sudden change in the accumulated pressure of fluid in the governor mechanism, I have provided a valve 6 for controlling the port e. By diminishing the capacity of the port 6 to a very small one a dash-pot effect is produced, which prevents the piston from being drawn rapidly from the upper end of the cylinder with the change of 'pressu re in the fluid actuated by the pump. If desired, a connection may be made with the supply of accumulated fluid directly through the opening m. Where this is done, the springs P should be nicely adjusted, so as to allow movement of the piston as the pressure increases, allowing the piston to reach the uppermost position as the pressure reaches the maximum. With this arrangement of course there is a gradual decrease in the tension of the spring J even when the spring J is out of action, so that there is a gradual decrease in speed of the engine as the pressure increases. a a

By placing the centers of gravity of the weights above their pivots the gravity of the weights does not oppose the centrifugal force produced by the revolution of the weights. Where the weights are pivoted with the centers of gravity below the pivots, the gravity of the weights of course opposes the centrifugal force, so that at very slow speeds the centrifugal forceis entirely overcome by the centripetal force incident to the gravity of the weights. In a governor of this class where very slow speeds are desired this in-.

fluence'of the force of gravity where weights are arranged with the centers of gravity below the pivot diminishes the range of the governor to a very great extent, so that the minimum speed at which the governor may be run with such must be much greater than with the governor formed as shown.

In my governor the gravity of the weights works with the centrifugal force, so that in all speeds of the governor there is an active centrifugal force which must be opposed by the centripetal element proper of the governor. It only remains to adjust the centripetal element of these forces to adjust the governor to operate properly throughout its range,and this range, as before stated, is much greater than in governors of this class heretofore used in this connection.

By varying the strength of one of the elements (in the governor shown the centripetal element) Within the limits of the power exerted by the other element the governor remains active as a governor throughout the operation of the engine. In some of the types heretofore used the force of one of the elements has been wholly neutralized by mechanisms operating upon the other element with such power as to eliminate the centrifugal action of the govenor from the valve entirely.

If it is desired to change the maximum of speed produced by the governor, the setscrew Q and bolt Q may be adjusted toaccomplish this effect. By shortening the bolt Q the downward movement of the yoke K may be limited, so as to produce a less ten: sion on the spring J, and this of course will reduce the maximum speed. 011 the other hand, theset-screw Q may be. screwed down so as to limit the upward movement of the yoke K, and consequent relief on the springs, so that the minimum speed will be increased.

What I claim as new is 1. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; a centripetal element arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element; and means actuated by the pumped fluid for varying the relative strength of one of the elements within the limits of the power exerted by the other element.

2. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; a centripetal element arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element; and means actuated by the pumped fluid for varying the strength of said centripetal element Within the limits of the power exerted by the centrifugal element.

3. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; a spring-actuated centripetal element arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element; and means actuated by the pumped fluid for varying the strength of the spring comprised in said centripetal element. i

4. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; a centripetal element comprising a plurality of springs, said centripetal element being arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element; and means automatically actuated for throwing IIO said springs into and out of action to vary the strength of the centripetal element.

5. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; a centripetal element comprising a plurality of springs, said centripetal element being arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element; and means actuated by the pumped fluid for throwing said springs into and out of action to vary the strength of the centripetal element.

6. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element arranged to tend to move outwardly at the slowest speed at which the governor is designed to operate; a centri petal element arranged to act in op position to said centrifugal element, and means actuated by the pumped fluid for automatically varying the strength of one of said elements within the limits of thepower exerted by the other element.

7. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element comprising a governorgal element.

8. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centri-fugalelement, comprisinga governorweight pivoted with its center of gravity above said pivot; a centripetal element arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element; and means actuated by the pumped fluid for varying the strength of the centripetal element within the limits of the power exerted by the centrifugal element.

9. In a pump-governor, the combination of a throttle-valve; a centrifugal element;- a centripetal element arranged to act in opposition tosaid centrifugal element; means for communicating the action of said ele'mentsto said valve; and means forautomatically varying the strength of one of said elements within the limits of the power exerted by the other of said elements.

10. In a pump-engine, the combination of a throttle-valve; a centrifugal element; a centripetal element arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element; means for commu nicating the action of saidelements to said valve andmeans actuated by the pumped fluid for varying the. relative strength of one of said elements within the limits of the power exerted by the other element.

11. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; a centripetal element arranged to act-in opposition to said centrifugal element; means for automaticallyvarying the relative strength of one of the elements within the limits of the power exerted by the other element; and means for adj usting the range of said variations.

12. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; a centripetal element arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element; means actuated by the pumped fluid for varying the relative strength of one of the elementswithin the limits of the power exerted by the other element; and means for adjusting the range of said variations.

13. In apump-governor, the combination ofacentrifugal element; .a spring-actuating centripetal elementarranged to act in oppo sitiontosaid centrifugal element; means actuated by the pumped fluid for varying the strength of the spring comprised in said centri petal element; and means for adj usting the I range of said variations.

the strength of one of said elements relative to the .strength of the other element; and. means for adjusting the range of said variations.

15. In a pump-governor, the combination with the centrifugal element; the lever, I, arranged to act upon said governor and to convey the force of the centripetal element to the governor; the yoke, K; pin, J a spring interposed between the yoke and the pin; and means for automatically varying thetension of said spring.

16. Ina pump-governor, the combination with the centrifugal element; of the centripetal element comprising a spring,- the pin J, and yoke, K, saidspring beingtensioned between said yoke, K, and the pin, J, the cylinder, L, piston, M, arranged in said cylinder and connected with said yoke; and connections leading from said cylinder to a supply of pumped fluid.

- 17. In a pump-governor, the combination of the rotary carrier, G; the governor-spindle, C; means for giving said carrier rotary motion; the governor-weights pivoted in said carrier with their centers ofgravity above the pivots; links connecting said governorweights with said governor-spindle, O; the

lever, I, arranged to operate against said spindle; the pin J, arranged. to operate upon the lever, I; the yoke, K,through which said pin passes; the springs, J and J arrangedbetween the yoke and tensioned against the pin, J, said springs being of different strengths; thecylinder, L; piston, M, in;said-cylinder a connection between the piston M, and yoke, K; the valve chamber, N; plug -.valve, 0, therein, the. said chamber, N,- having the port, 6, leading therefrom to the cylinder, L, and opening into thechamber,N, imposition to be operated upon by the plug-valve O;

the spring, 0, arranged againstthe. plugvalve, 0'; and a connection from thepumpedfluidsupply leading to the chamber, N.

18. In a pump-governor, thefcombination ofthe rotary carrier, G; the governor-spindle, 0; means, for giving said-carrier rotary motion; the, governor-weights pivoted on said carrier with their centers of gravity above the pivots; links connectingsaid governorweights with said governor-spindle, O; the lever, I, arranged to operate against said spindle; the pin, J, arranged to operate upon the lever, I; the yoke, K, through which said pin passes; the s rin s J and J said sprin s P s g beingof different strengths; the cylinder, L;

Y piston, M, in said cylinder; ayconnection between the piston, M, and the yoke,K; the valve-chamber, N; plug-valve,,O, therein;

- the said chamber, N, having theport, e, leading therefrom to the cylinder, L; and open-,

ing into the chamber,.N, in position to be operatedupon by the, plug-valve, 0 the spring, 0 arranged against the plug-valve, O a connection from the pumped-fluid supply leading to the chamber, N; the springs, P, holding the yoke normally in .its lowest position; the

bolt, Q, for limiting the downward movement of the yoke; the set-screw, Q, for limiting the upward movement of the yoke.

19. In a pump-governor, the combination of the rotary carrier, G; the governor, 0; means for giving said carrier rotary motion; the governor-weights pivoted on said carrier with their centers of gravity above the pivots; links connecting said governor-Weights with said governor-spindle, C; the lever, I, arranged to operate against said spindle; the pin, J, arranged to operate upon the lever, I; the yoke, K, through which said pin passes; the springs, J and J said springs being of different strengths; the cylinder, L; piston, M, in said cylinder; a connection between the piston, M, and the yoke, K; the valveoylinder, L; plug-valve, O, therein, the said chamber, N, having the port, e, leading therefrom to the chamber, N and opening into the chamber, N, in position to be operated upon by the plug-valve, O; the spring, 0, arranged against the plug-valve, O; a connection to the pumped-fluid supply leading to the chamber, N; the springs, P, for holding the yoke

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