US654911A - Nail-making machine. - Google Patents

Description

Patented July 3|, |900.

J. J'. rqmrmlss'-EY.-4 NAIL. MAKING MACHINE.

5 Sheets-Sheet l,

(Nd Model.)

. No. 654,911. vPatented my. 3|. |900.. I.L J. mumssev.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE. (Applicqtibn led bec. 9, 1899.) (No Modelli 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

3.-- Mmwea M9,

No. 654,9". Y Patented IuIy 3|, moo. l I. J. MoIIIIIssIaY.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

(Application med Dec. 9, 1899.)

(No Modem i s sheets-heet 4.

Ziff VM DQ ls QW A3-amel?, marnuew @MII-m MINI- Patented IuIy SI, |900.

No. 654,9II.

.1. u lmonRIs'sEv. NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

(Application mednec. 9, 1899*) S'Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model JAMES J. nonnissnnor loiiicAeo, ILLIlNoIs.

'NAlL-HMAAKING 'MAcl-HINE.

srncrrrcarron frminpgrrwpf Letters rewriting. 654,911, dated July 31, 1900.

lApplicant finamente 9,

To all whom t may'coitofiat-:` Beit known that l, JAltiEs J. Monnissnv, a citizen of the United States, residingat Ghicago, in the countyofCook and State of Illi nois, have invented certain nevvand useful.`

`Improvements in Nail-MakingMajchines, of which the following is 'a specification...

My invention relates tofmechanism'for the automatic manufacture of. nails, spikes,

brads, tacks,'and the like froinvvire, and has for its object to simplify the construction of such machines, toincrease, their capacity, to bring a plurality of nail-forming throatsinto small compass Within 'the limits of a single unitary machine and independe'rtly:control ism proper to describe that `appertaining to the grade of the output of each,and tointro duce various other features, all aswill be. un derstood from the ensuing description. l

In the drawings,' Figure 1 isa top Aplan view of one section of a machine embodying my invention, consisting of` as'implei throat and accessory t mechanism, constituting, in connection with mechanism commonV tofaljl of the other throats, a complete operating device. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of theapparatus shown in the foregoing figure, it being understood that this is a prototype of all the sections and that each isfdriven by actuating instrumentalities intercommon to all. Fig,

3 is a plan view of the machine-frame, shoivin g all of the throat-sections assembledaround i the common `operating-shaft. Figli is a ver i tical transversesection throughlone ofl the 1 throats on the correspondingly-nu mbered line in Fig. 1, the shearing or severing jaws being removed and the nipping jaws or vise eX-l posed. Fig. 5 is a similar section on line 5 5 of Fig. l with the severingfjaws in place and closed. Fig. 6 is a similar section on theline i 6 6 of Fig. l, detailing the guide blocks and Ways for the operating-bars of a single throat- Way-section. Fig. 7 is a liorizrontalsectional `detail on the line 7 7 of Fig. 4: to explain the immediate mechanism for operating the shearing device and nipping or clamping jaws. Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail in elevation, showingthe straightening-rolls and feedingagencylfor a single throat-section; Fig. p

9, an enlarged sectional view through the center of` a thro ats`ection With the Wire `in position, showing, among` other things, the meansforengaging the throat with ordisen- 1899. "sriiiinmvsavaa gunman.)

l'gaging it from the common actuating agencies; and Figs. 10, l1, and l2 are details representing, respectively, the relation of Wire and forming' instruinentalities immediately after the endjof the feed-stroke with a nail falready headed thereon at the stage of pointing and severing the completed nail and at ,thebmoment the upsetting hammer or plunger has completed its movement to formthe head "of the next nail. 4 Since each throat-section is formed lalike, fprovidedwith the same accessory mechanism :andfcoupled to the common' operating agen- "cies in the same Way,iit will bensufiicient for "an understanding of the nailfforming mechane any given section, explaining in connection i i therewith the relationsof allsections to their mutuajl actuating source.

A represents a triangular bench iixedly supported at its out end by a leg or legs A' 'and at `its innerend secured to a table A2, encircling a vertical shaft B, which constitutes "the 'single and' common driving-shaftlof the whole machine. Advisably the apex of each bench is secured to the central tabletangen- "tially to the shaft, thus not only obtaininga broader overlap and rmer joint, but by bringing the longitudinal axis of each bench j along which the forming and actuating agen- 'cies are arranged to a tangent to said'shaft obtaining additionaladvantages in the Way of economical and effective operation of parts, such as Will hereinafter appear.

` Upon the shaft D are fixed cams of diiiering size and of varying outlines suitable to their office, as clearly indicated in Figs. l and 2. The upper cam vB' operates an ejector in each throat for strikingolf and discharging any'nail which may not have been completely severed, so as to fall by its "own Weight. The second cam B2 moves the hammer or heading plunger of each throat and incidentally therethrough operates the Wire-feed.` The third cam B3 actuates the shearingor severing jaws of each throat,`and the lower cam B4 moves the nipping or clamping jaivs or vise against which the haininenheads the nail. A pulley B5 affords' jmeansfor driving theshaft.l O Inthe bench are formed longitudinal slots CZ d', ivhich serve to guide and direct a frame-4 IOO plate D, carrying the feeding, nipping, severing, heading, and ejecting mechanism and its immediate accessores,'along the beforementioned tangential path toward and from the central shaft. This frame-plate, supporting the above-mentioned instrnmentalities, may be forced in toward the shaft by means of a toggle E, the rear member e of which is hinged to a bracket E', rising from the bench, is operated by lever E2, and has a heel eXtension e, which abuts against the inner vertical face of the bracket when the toggle is eX- tended and locked, while the forward member e2, hinged to the rear of said base-plate, is stayed by its heel extension e2 against a stop-lug E3 from the bench when the togglelock isbrOken.

F represents the straightening-rolls collectively, mounted in suitable bearings in standards F near the rear end of the base-plate, the two lower rolls f being mounted in xed bearings and the upper intermediate roller f in vertically-sliding bearings adjustably pressed downward by means of screws f2, as shown. Succeeding the straightening-rollers and directly in advance thereof along the throatway G, afforded by the frame-plate, is the feed G', comprising a wire-supporting block g, sliding in ways g longitudinally of said throatway and overhead feed-dog g2, pivoted to the ears g2, upstanding from said block, a shank G2, rigid with the dog, and a slotted lever G8, taking over the upper end of said shank and connected, as presently eX- plained, tomove the block to and fro at suitable intervals, opening the dog in the rearward movement and closing it in the advancing movement. A spring g4, interposed between the lever and the block, prevents the d og from being thrown back without carry- Ving the block along with it. Next to the feed G/ comes an anvil-block H, having a guideaperture h for the wire and faced on the farther side with a removable hardened plate h to resist the blow of the upsetting instrument. Working in contact with and parallel to this plate h' is a vise K, composed of the nipping or clamping jaws 7c, mounted in the upper opposing arms 7a of elbow-levers K', pivoted on journal-shafts k2, supported by the slidable frame-plate. The nippingjaws are adjustable in the carrying-arms of the elbow-levers by means of set-screws 7a2, by which they may be moved toward each other, and binding-screws 7a4, by which they are securely held in any position to which they may be set. The lower arms of the elbow-levers are under the constant tension of a spring K2, which tends to draw them constantly'toward each other and against stops l K3, which may be adjustable, thus opening the vise. Means are provided, as will appear in due course, whereby these arms are at the proper time forced apart against the stress of the spring to close the vise and nip the wire for the heading or upsetting process.

Parallel with the nipping -jaws and on to normally hold the jaws open.

their further side are the pointing andsevering jaws L, with beveled recesses Z to form the point of the nail or tack and knife-edges Z to sever it from the body of the wire. These jaws are carried in slide-blocks L', working in transverse ways Z2 on brackets L2 on the frame-plate, and are adjustable in said slide-blocks by set-screws Z3 and bindingscrewsZ, whereby wear may be taken up. The slide-blocks are recessed beneath at Z5 to receive the upper ends of actuating-levers L3, pivoted on the aforementioned journalshafts 7a2 and drawn toward each other at their lower ends by the force of a spring L4 Above the pointing and severing jaws is the ejector M, Secured to rock-shaft Ml and normally held out of the path of the jaws bythe spring fm,

coiled about said rock-shaft. This ejector is actuated after the operation of the severingjaws by means of crank m, thrust-rod M2, and roller m2 on the end of said thrust-rod, traveling on cam B' of the central'shaft.

Sliding longitudinally of the throatway G in suitable guides n and n on that side of the two pairs of nipping and severing jaws toward the central shaft isthe upsetting plunger or hammer N, which acts against the proximate faces of the nipping-jaws after the severing-jaws open to upset and head the wire for the formation of a fresh nail. This plunger is normally retracted by means of spring N', but is urged forward at the proper time byroller n2, journaled in its heel end and traveling on the periphery of the starcam B2 of the central shaft. An arm N2 from the plunger-bar is connected by link N3 with the power end of the feed-lever G3, and thereby throws back the feed-block and dog to take a new grip as the plunger advances and moves them forward as the plunger retreats to feed a fresh length of wire. The connection between the link and lever is made adjustable by means of slot n3, whereby the lever-arm can be lengthened or shortened to vary the distance of feed and the consequent size of the nails to be made. Now referring to Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 9, the shear-levers controlling the pointing and severing jaws are operated to close said jaws by means of the reciprocating actuating-bar O, mounted in guides 0 o in hangers O and O2 from the slidable frame-plate. The bar is moved by a roller o2 upon its end adjacent to the central shaft traveling upon the periphery of the cam B2 of the outline shown, and at its opposite end engages the converging arms o2 of toggles O2, which act upon each advancing movement of the bar to force apart the pendent arms of the shear-levers against the stress of their spring, thereby bringing the jaws together, compressing a point upon the nailfand severing it from the body of the wire. As the spring L4, acting upon the shear-levers, Inay not be sufficient alone to force the reciprocating actuating-bar O back after its advancing stroke, retraction-springs O4 may be arranged on IOO IIO

.i i 654,911 v s eitherl side of the bar of `suiiicient strength tocause its `rollerto` constantly follow the contour of "the actuating-cam. Referring to `the same gures, the nipper-jaws are operated to close upon the wire immediately after the feeding movement, remain closed while the pointing and severing jaws act anduntil the upsetting-hammer has made its effective movement, and then opened for a fresh forward feed of the wire by means of the recip-Q rocating actuating-bar P, riding by its roller p `upon the periphery ofthe actuating-cam B4, playing` in ways p' and p2 in the abovementionedhangers O'` and O2 and engaging with converging arms p3 of toggles P', which i act at each advancing movement of the bar to force apart the lowerpendent arms of the nipper-levers and close said nipper-jaxvs.

Like the bar O,this barP may be held in eifect-` ive contact with its cam by retraction-springs P2, arranged on` each side thereof, so that after each advancing movement it may be drawn back as soon as it runs off of the thrust,

ing reach of the cam and` permit the spring K2 to act and open the jaws.

It will be observed that a number of benchsections--in the present instance nine-are arranged around the single central driving-i'.`

shaft, each adapted to carry a s lidable frametable andV accessories in such manner that the rollers of their actuating-rods, plungers, and bars engage with the same relative cam on said central shaft, whereby corresponding instrumentalities carried by each frame-plate are successively moved by the same cam. It will also be observed that the number of actuations for each revolution of the drivingshaft is dependent upon the number of salient tracks upon each cam, five being the number herein shown, and that consequently the number of the nails manufactured for each revolution will equal the product of the number of sections by the number of actuating-tracks on said cams, or forty-nine in the example proposed. It will further be observed that each throat-section may be adjusted to turn out nails of length or sizes differing from those turned out by the other sections and that by simply operating the retracting-lever any section may be Withdrawn from action and left idle without interference with the action of the others. As already stated, it is preferred to arrange the sections so that all the reciprocating actuating and operating bars or plungers are tangential to the driving-shaft, and consequently to the pitch-line of the cams. This brings the thrust of the cams more nearly in line with the trend of said bars, facilitates a longer reciprocating impulse and easier ascent of the outward tracks, and almost entirely ob` Viates lateral or torsional strains upon said bars or plungers, such as would be the inevitable result were said bars radial to the shaft.

`carrying actuating-cams, of a plurality of frame plates mounted therearound, wire feeding, nipping, heading and pointing and severing mechanisms carried by each of said plates, and reciprocating actuating-bars for said mechanisms provided with rollers on their ends adjacent to the shaft and each engaging with the same relative cam.

2. The combination with the central shaft carrying actuating-cams, of a plurality of frame-plates mounted therearound to slide convergingl y theretoward, Wire feeding, nipping, heading and pointing and severing mechanisms carried by each of said plates reciprocating actuating-bars forsaid mechanisms, the bars for each plate adapted `to engage endwise with the same relative cam on the central shaft, and means for moving each plate with its freighted group of mechanisms toward or away from said `shaftto b mechanisms carried by each of said plates,

reciprocating actuating-bars for said mechanisms, the bars for each serial group of mechanisms adapted to engage endwise with the same relative cam on the central shaft, and independent means carried by each frame for controlling the length of feed thereon.

4. The combination with the central driving-shaft carrying actuating-cams, one for each serial group of mechanisms, of frameplates mounted therearound, Wire feeding, nipping, heading and pointing and severing mechanisms carried by each of said frame plates, reciprocating actuating-bars for said mechanisms mounted to move in guides in said plate tangentially to the shaft or pitchline of the cams, and rollers on the proximate ends of said bars, riding upon the periphery of the same relative cam traveled by the actuating-bars of all the series of the same group.

5. The combination vwith the central driving-shaft carrying actuating-cams, one for each serial group of mechanisms, of frame'- plates arranged therearound to slide in guides tangential to the shaft or pitch-line of said cams, reciprocating actuating-bars borne by said plates, one for each individual mechanism thereon, rollers on the proximate ends of said bars, traveling upon the same relative cam engaged by the actuating-bars of the other mechanisms of like rank carried by the remaining frame-plates, and means for independently advancing said frame-plates toward or retracting them from said cams.

6. The combination of the central driving IOO shaft, the table encircling it, the triangular bench-sections tangentially secured to said plate, the frame-plates mounted in guides therein to slide toward and from said shaft, the feeding, nipping, heading and pointing and severing mechanisms carried by said frame plates, the reciprocating actuatingbars, also carried by said plates,the cams upon said shaft, one for each actuating-bar of a like serial group of mechanisms, and the locking-toggles with their' levers for independently projecting and withdrawing each plate.

'7. The combination of the central drivingshaft, the frame-plates encircling it, the wirefeed carried by each frame-plate, the upsetting-plunger and intermediate connections by which said feed is actuated, the cam on said central shaft common to all of said plungers, the nipping-jaws also carried by each frameplate', the reciprocating bars by which they are operated, the cam on said central shaft common to all of said bars, the pointing and severing jaws likewise carried by said frameplates, the reciprocating bar for actuating them and the cam on said central shaft common to all of said bars.

S. The combination of the central drivingshaft, the frame-plates encircling it, the Wirefeed carried by each frame-plate, the upsetting-plunger and intermediate connections by which said feed is actuated, the cam on said central shaft common to all of said plungers, the nipping-jaws also carried by each frameplate, the reciprocating bars by which they are operated, the cam on said central shaft -plates, the reciprocating bar for actuating them, the cam on said central shaft common to all of said bars, the ejectors with their rockshafts and actuating-rods further carried by said frame-plates, and the cam common to all of said rods.

9. The combination of the nipper-jaws, adjustably held in the ends of the elbow-levers, the spring attached to the opposite ends of said levers,adj ustable stops to limit the throw of said levers, elbow levers or toggles engaging the ends of said levers and adapted to forcibly spread them, the reciprocating actuating-bar engaging the arms of said toggles, and the cam.

l0. The combination of the pointing and severing jaws, adjustably held in slides arranged transversely of the throatway, the levers having their ends engaging said slides and adapted to move them, the spring engaging the opposite ends of said levers, the elbow levers or toggles adapted to spread the ends of said levers,the reciprocating actuating-bar engaging the arms of said toggles,and the cam.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES J. MORRISSEY.

Witnesses:

LEVI D. KEIM, DANIEL A. DEAN.

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