US653218A - Motor-controller. - Google Patents

Description

N0. 653,2l8. Patented luly IO, I900.

D. H. DARRIN.

MOTOR CONTROLLER.

. (Application filed Sept. 2, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shea! WWW. M 7-/. 23W 51W Tnz NORRIS vzrzns co.. vno'rouwu. WASHINGTON D. c.

No. 653,218. Patented July IO, I900. D. H'. DABRIN. MOTOR CONTROLLER.

(Application. filed Sept. 2, 1899.)

(No Modal.)

2 Sheets-Shoot 2.

' NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID II. DARRIN, OF CRANFORD, NEIV JERSEY.

MOTOR-CONTROLLER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 653,218, dated July 10, 1900.

Application filed September 2,1899. Serial No. 729,278. (No model.)

T0 at 10710722, it may concern:

Beitknown that I, DAVID H. DARRIN, a citi zen of the United States, residing at Oranford, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Motor-Controllers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to motor-controllers;

and one object is to construct a controller which shallbe economical in construction and be adapted to accurately and efficiently control the operation of the motor.

In operating certain classes of machinery it is often necessary to stop and start the motor a great many times before it is run at its normal speed. This is illustrated in the case of motors used for running large newspaperprinting presses. In such work in making the press ready it is necessary to start the motor and allow it to make a few revolutions and then instantly stop it in order that the pressman may examine the impression-cylinders or arrange various parts of the press. \Vith the ordinary rheostatic controllers it is necessary to move the lever from a point of rest to a point where the desired speed of the motor will result, and when it is desired to stop the press the lever must be moved back to its original position. This occupies considerable time, and it is difficult for the operator to tell just when to operate the lever in order to stop the press atthe desired point. This difficulty is further increased by reason of the fact that it is usually necessary for the pressman to call out to another operator stationed at the rheostat when he desires the press stopped. According to myinvention I propose to provide means whereby the operator may instantly stop the press without moving the controlling-lever of the rheostat back to the position of rest. I also propose to provide means whereby the pressman may so stop the press from any desired point and whereby when so stopped he may start it again without further movement of the controlling-lever and without shock or danger to the motor.

A still further object of my invention is to construct a controller which when stopped by a pressman or operator from any point away from the controlling-lever cannot be started again by any one, either at the controlling-lever or elsewhere, until the operator who stopped the press starts it himself.

WVith these general objects in view I have shown herein a type of controller embodying my invention and which will be used as an illustration in describing the invention, it being understood that the invention may be applied to any suitable type or construction of controller.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a front View of a controller constructed in accordance with my invention and showing in diagram the electric circuits. Fig. 2'isadiagram of the electric circuits, showing the armature of the motor in circuit with the main line. Fig. 3 is a detail diagram of a portion of the main armature-circuit; and Fig. 4 is a diagram of the circuits, showing the armature out of circuit with the main line.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, A represents the motor to be controlled, and B represents a switch connected with the terminals 1 and 2 of the main-line circuit.

(1 represents a rheostatic controller of suitable type, having the resistance- plates 3 and 4 and a controlling-lever 5, adapted to make contact with the same. The rheostat may be any suitable form of starting device.

D is a switch comprising a solenoid d, to the core of which is atlixed a projecting rod 6, carrying connecting-bars 7, 8, and 9, the connecting-bars being adapted to make contact with contacts 10 and 11, 12 and 13, 14 and 15, and with springs 16 and 17, as hereinafter described. The rod 6 carries at suitable interval fixed collars 18, 19, and 20, and a spring 21 tends to force the contact-bar 7, which is loosely mounted upon the rod, against the collar 18. In like manner the spring 22 tends to force bar 8 against the collar 19, and a spring 23 tends to force the bar 9 against col lar 20. The contact-bars and the stationary contacts 10 to 15, inclusive, are preferably provided with carbon contact-points at the places where contact is made in order that damage will not result to the switch from any accidental sparking. Thecollars 18,19, and 20, and consequently the relative positions of bars 7, 8, and 9, are so adjusted that when the coil of the solenoid is not energized by current passing through the same the contacts of bar 7 will rest upon the stationary contacts and 11, and bars 8 and 9 will be disconnected, and so that when the coil is energized the core and the rod 6 will be forced upward, breaking the contact between bar 7 and contacts 10 and 11 and bringing the contacts upon bars 9 and 8 into contact with the stationary contacts 14 and 15 and 12 and 13, respectively, the springs 22 and 23 allowing a still further movement of rod 6 after the contacts just mentioned have been made, so that such further movement of the rod 6 will bring the contacts of bar 7 into contact with the spring-contacts 16 and 17. 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, and 29 are binding-posts to which the wires of the various circuits are connected, as hereinafter described. A wire 30 connects terminal 1 with binding-post 29, and a wire 31 connects terminal 29 with the rheostat-plates 3. From rheostat-plate4 a wire 32 leads to the stationary contact 14 of the switch D, and from the latter a wire 33 leads to spring-contact 16. From spring'contact 17 a wire 34 leads to contact 11. From contact 11 a wire 35 leads to contact 13, and from thence wire 36 leads to binding-post 28. ire 37 leads from binding-post 28 to the armature of the motor A, and from the opposite armature wire 38 leads to the terminal 2 of the main circuit. A contact-plate 39 upon the controller 0 is adapted to make contact with an insulated connection 71 on the controller. A wire 40 connects the plate 39 with binding-post 25. From binding-post 25 a wire 41 leads to the field a of the motor A, and from the field a a wire 42 leads to the wire 38, which is connected with terminal 2. A wire 43 leads from wire 31 to a binding-post 44, which is connected with the contact-strip 45, carried by the controller 0 and adapted to make contact at all times with an insulated contact-point 46, carried by the controller -lever 5. A similar contactstrip 47 is also carried by the controller 0 and adapted to make contact with the contactpoint 46 during a portion of the movement of the lever, as hereinafter described, the contact-strip 47 being connected with the binding-post 48. From binding-post 48 a wire 49 leads into the coil of the solenoid d, the other end of the coil of the solenoid being connected by a wire 50 wit-h a binding-post 51, the latter being connected to a contact-strip 52, carried by the controller 0 and adapted to make contact with an insulated contact-point 53, 5

carried by the lever 5 throughout the entire movement of the lever. The wire 50 is connected with binding-post 24 through a suitable resistance 54. From the contact-point 46 a wire leads to a terminal 56 in the handle of a controlling-rheostat. point 53 is connected with a movable terminal 57 in the handle of the controlling-rheostat by a wire 58. The movable contact 57 is adapted to be brought into electric contact with the contact 56 by a turning or twisting of the lever-handle upon the controller-lever 5, where- I by the lever may be moved upon its pivot with Oontactthe contact between terminals 56 and 57 open or closed. From binding-post 48 a wire 59 leads to binding-post 26, and from bindingpost 60, which is electrically connected with binding-post 51, a wire 61 leads to bindingpost 27. From binding- posts 26 and 27 the wires 62 and 63 eXtend to suitable parts of the press, and at convenient places switches 64 65, &c., are provided, which switches are adapted to connect wires 62 and 63 in any suitable place. From terminal 2 a wire 66 leads to a binding-post 24, and from thence a wire 67 leads through a low heavy resistance 68 to the contact 10. Contact 12 of the switch D is connected with contact 15 by a wire 68, and the contact 15 is connected through a high resistance 69 by a wire 70 with the wire 49.

The operation of the apparatus above described is substantially as follows: Assuming the terminals 55 and 57 and the terminals of the push-buttons 64 and to be in their open normal position and the controlling-lever 5 to be in substantially the position shown in Fig. 1, if current be turned on from the main line a circuit will be established from terminal -1 through wire 30 to binding-post 29, through wire 31, wire 43, binding-post 44, and contact-strip 45 to contact-point 46, from contact-point 46 to contact-strip 47, thence to binding-post 48, from binding-post 48 through wire 49 to the coil of the solenoid d, and from thence by wire 50 through resistance 54 to the binding-post 24 and thence through wire 66 to the terminal 2. This circuit will energize the coil of the solenoid and overcome the force of gravity which holds the core and the rod 6, carrying the contact-blades 7, 8, and 9, in their lowermost position and force the rod and the contact-blades upward, bringing contact-blade 9 into contact with the contacts 14 and 15 and contact-blade 8 into contact with the contacts 12 and 13. A circuit is then established, as shown in Fig. 2, from terminal 1 through wire 30 to binding-post 29, thence through wire 31 to resistance-plate 3, through the controller-lever 5 to resistanceplate 4, and thence through wire 32 to contact-point 14, thence through contact-blade 9 to contact 15, thence through Wire 68 to contact 12, thence through contact-blade 8 to contact 13, and from contact 13 through wire 36 to binding-post 28, thence through Wire 37 to the armature of the motor, and from the armature through wire 38 to terminal 2. At the same time the current after reaching wire 43 passes through the contact-strip 45 to contact-wire 46, thence by Wire 55 on the controller-lever to the plate 39, and from plate 39 passes by wire 40 to binding-post 24, and from thence by wire 41 to the field a of the motor A, and from thence by wire 42 to wire 18 and terminal 2, likewise current passing from contact-point 15 through .resistance 69 and wires and 49 into the coil of the solenoid. As the controller-lever is moved over the resistance-plate the resistance is cut out IIO and the motor started or controlled by themovement of the lever. The coil 01 will by this time have become energized sufficiently to force the rod 6 upward to its fullest extent, which while still keeping bars 8 and 9 against their respective contacts will bring bar 7 into contact with the spring-contacts 16 and 17, which will provide a clear metallic circuit from contact 14 by wire 33 to spring-contact 16, thence through bar 7 to contact 17 and by wires 34 and 35 to wire 36, thus cutting out the resistance of the carbon contact-points from the armature-circuit. If now the operator at the controller-lever desires to immediately stop the press, the controller-lever being in any position upon the resistanceplates, he gives the handle of the controllerlever a quick twist, which brings the terminals 56 and 57 together and short-circuits the coil of the solenoid d, the current from wire 43 passing from binding-post 44 to contact-' point 46, thence by wire 55 to terminal 56,

from terminal 56 to terminal 57, thence by wire 58 to contact-point 53, thence by contactstrip 52 to binding-post 51, and from there by wire 50 through resistance 54 into the binding-post 24. The result is that solenoid (Z being deenergized the force of gravity and force of springs 22 and 23 causes rod 6 and the contact-blades 7, 8, and 9 to drop into their lowermost position, breaking the contacts above described and bringing contactblade 7 into contact with the contacts and 11. This establishes the following circuits, as shown in diagram in Fig. 4: The current through the field of the motor remains the same as before described, and continued rotation of the armature will cause the motor to act as a generator, and the current will then pass from the armature through wire 38 to terminal 2, from terminal 2 through wire 66 to binding-post 24, from binding-post 24 to wire 67, through the resistance 68, which will be made heavy enough to suit individual conditions, to the contact 10, thence through contact-bar 7 to contact 11, and thence by wires and 36 to binding-post 23 and from binding-post 28 by wire 37 into the armature. The current generated by the rotation of the armature being forced through the low heavy resistance 68 acts as a brake for the motor and quickly stops the same. If the operator be at some point other than at the controller-lever and desires to stop the press, the coil of solenoid (Z may be short-circuited by closing the circuit through any of the switches 64 65, &c. The path of the current from wire 43 will then be from binding-post 44 through contact-strip 45 to contact 46, thence through contact-strip 47 to bindingpost 48, or from contact 15 through resistance 69,wires and 49, and through wire 59 to binding-post 26, through wire 62, push-button 64, wire 63, binding-post 27, and wire 61 to binding-post 60, and thence to bindingpost 51 and through wire 50 and resistance 54 to the binding-post 24. It is obvious that as long as the solenoid is short-circuited by any of the above-mentioned circuits it will be impossible for any current from the main lines to pass into the armature of the motor, and the pressman is therefore perfectly safe from any danger of the press being started by some one else. As soon as the operator who has stopped the motor desires to start it again he can do so without moving the controller-lever by simply opening the circuit at the push-button or the controller-handle, whichever was used to short-circuit solenoid, which will break the short circuit of the solenoid and allow the current to flow from wire 43 into the coil, as before described, thus energizing the coil and closing the switch from the main line into the armature. It will be found in practice that it is not practicable under all conditions to let in the full current from themain line to the armature at once and that there is a limit beyond which it is not safe to introduce current from the main line into the motor without further resistance, and therefore after the controller-lever has passed such a point upon the resistance-plates it will not be safe to'en ergize the solenoid and close the switch so that the current from the main line above the limit referred to can enter the motor. I therefore cut off the contact-strip 47, so that as soon as the controller-lever passes the point where it cuts out of the resistance all that it is safe to cut out and lets the line-current in it will break contact with the contact-strip 47, and thus make it impossible to get current from wire 43 into the solenoid-coil through wire 49. This will not, however, interfere with the continued energizing of the solenoid-coil from cont-act 15 while the contact-blade 9 is in contact therewith, and thus will not interfere with the operation of the motor at its higherspeeds. 7

It will be observed that with the apparatus above described the motor may be instantly stopped from anyconvenient point and may be started again without the delay of operating the controller-lever and, furthermore, that the operation of the device will be perfectly safe both to the operator and to the motor.

It will be understood, of course, that although the invention has beendescribed herein as having particular reference to printingpress machinery the application of the invention is nevertheless not confined to such use, as it maybe profitably employed in other lines where similar conditions of motor control prevail. Likewise the various connections may be varied to suit conditions arising in individual cases.

In applying the invention to certain conditions it may be found desirable to reverse the connections and arrangement of the solenoid cl and the bars of switch D, so that the switch is closed by gravity instead of opened, as here shown, and to open the switch by the energizing of coil d.

Having thus described my invention, I de clare that what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, a controlling -rheostat and a switch in said main circuit, electrical means for holding the switch in one of its positions, and means for deenergizing said last-named means, whereby said switch is permitted to be moved to the opposite direction independently of the operation of said rheostat, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a motor and a main circuit therefor, a controlling-rheostat and a switch in said main circuit, a magnet adapted to move said switch to one of its positions when energized, means for energizing said magnet,and means for denergizing said magnet independently of the operation of said rheostat, whereby said switch may be moved to the opposite position from that in which it was held by the magnet, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, a controlling-rheostat and a switch in said main circuit, means for holding said switch closed, and means for denergizing said last-named means and opening said, switch independently of the operation of said rheostat whereby said circuit will be broken, substantially as described.

4:- The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, a controlling-rheostat and a switch in said main current, a magnet adapted to close said switch when energized, means for energizing said magnet, and means for denergizing said magnet and opening said switch, whereby said circuit will be broken independently of the operation of said rheostat, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, a controlling-rheostat and a normally-open switch in said main circuit, a magnet acting when energized to hold said switch closed, a local circuit adapted to energize said magnet, and means for withdrawing said local circuit from said magnet independently of the operation of said rheostat, whereby said main circuit may be broken, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, a controlling-rheostat and a normally-open switch in said main current, a magnet acting when energized to hold said switch closed, a local circuit adapted to energize said magnet, and means for short-circuiting said local circuit, whereby said magnet will be deenergized and said switch be opened independently of the operation of said rheostat, substantially as described.

7. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, a controlling-rheostat and a normally-open switch in said main circuit, a magnet acting when energized to hold said switch closed, a local circuit adapted to energize said magnet, means for short-circuiting said local circuit whereby said magnet will be deenergized and said switch opened independently of the operation of said rheostat, and means for opening said short circuit only when the rheostat is in such position that current not exceeding a predetermined strength can be delivered to the motor, substantially as described.

8. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, a controlling-rheostat and a normally-open switch in said main current,

' a magnet acting when energized to hold said switch closed, a local circuit adapted to energize said magnet, means for opening and closing a short circuit through said local circuit whereby when said short circuit is established, the magnet will be denergized and said switch be opened independently of the operation of said rheostat, and whereby when said short circuit is broken, said magnet will again be energized, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DAVID H. DARRIN. Witnesses:

O. V. EDWARDS, ALEX FERGUSON.

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