US624608A - Fred w - Google Patents

Description

Patented May 9,. "899. F. W. AYER.

DIGESTER.

(Application filed Jan. 9, 1699.)

(No Model.)

UN TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRED \V. AYER, OF BANGOR, MAINE, ASSIGNOR TO THE EASTERN MANU- FACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE. I I

DIGESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 624,608, dated May 9, 1899.

Application filed January 9, 1899. Serial No. 701,609. No model.)

To all whom it may concern.- point in sufficient quantity to seriously attack Be it known that I, FRED \V. AYER, of Banthe shell, but will be free to become distribgor, county of Penobscot, and State of Maine, uted to such an extent as not to seriously inhave invented an Improvement in Digesters, jure the shell.

of which the following description, in connec- Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section, 55

tion with the accompanying drawings, is a of a digester embodying the invention; Fig. specification, likeletters on the d rawingsrep- 2, a sectional detail thereof; and Figs. 3 and resenting like parts. 4, respectively, perspective views of the two The present invention relates to a digester forms of bricks which are preferably used in of the kind commonly employed for making lining the retort. 6o wood-pulp, and is mainly embodied in a novel The digester embodying the invention comconstruction and arrangement of the lining prises the metallic shell 0., provided at one for the digester-retort, whereby the metallic end with an inlet 0?, the construction of the body or shell is protected rom the action of shell and inlet being substantially the same acids and gases which are used in reducing as that heretofore employed in digesters of the wood to pulp. this class. The said shell in accordance with In accordance with the invention the methis inventionis provided with a lining b, tallic body of the digester is first provided so arranged as to afford a space or series of with a lining of brick laid thereon, the said intercommnnicating spaces (indicated at b 20 lining being so arranged that each brick is between the lining proper and the surface of supported directly by the metal shell, being the shell, into which space a fluid cementiin contact therewith, while a space is left be- 'tions material capable of subsequent hartween the said lining and the surface of the dening may be poured, the mass of material metallic shell, there being a projecting supbeing shown at c, Fig. 2. To afford the said 2 5 port for each brick of lesser area than that of space, there are a series of projecting supthe body of the brick itself. These supports ports b interposed between the surface of the are preferably formed integral with the bricks shell and the surface of the lining proper, themselves and project from the surface therethe said projecting supports being herein of in the form of tongues of lesser sectional shown as formed integral with the lining- 30' area than the surface area of the brick. By bricks b and being smaller in area than the this construction a space or a series of insurfacesofsaidbricks, so thatwhen the bricks tercommunicating spaces is afiorded between are laid with their edges adjacent to each the surface of the brick lining and the inner other to form a continuous lining spaces are surface of the metallic shell, and the said afforded, as shown in Fig. 1, between the 35 space is. shown as filled with a cementitious projecting portions b thus forming the inmaterial in fluid state capable of hardening tercommunicating spaces between the inner after the space is thoroughly filled. The comsurface of, the lining and the shell, as above plete lining then consists of brick and cement, stated. It will be seen that by this construethe brick, however, being not only embedded tion the brick lining is directly supported 40 in the cement, but also positively supported throughout upon the inner surface of the shell, by the metallic shell, and it is found that a although such a space or series of spaces is lining constructed in this way is unaffected afiorded that when the cementitious material by the expansion and contraction of the shell, is poured in it will permeate from one end to so that it does not crack when the digester is the other of the digester, the result being that 45 heated in use. It is not, however, essential when the cementitious material hardens the to the invention that the said space should be said digester is lined throughout with acomfilled with cement, it being practicable to bined brick and cement lining. While itis deleave the space empty, in which case it is obsirable to fill the saidspace with cement, as devious that such acid as may leak through the scribed, the said space may, as stated, be left 50 lining will not be concentrated at any one open, in which event it will obviate the tend- I00 ency of the acid to be concentrated near a leak and will also afford means for occasional tests to ascertain whether or no the brick lining is tight, such tests being readily made by circulating a liquid through the said space, or,

if desired, steam, water, or other diluting or neutralizing fluid may be continuously circulated through said space While the digester is in use, so as to cleanse the shell of any acid which may leak through the lining. For this purpose the space, if left open, may be provided with inlets and outlets 6 as shown, it

being obviously immaterial whether the inlets and outlets are present or not when the cementitious material is employed. I do not,

however, herein claim this specific construction and arrangement, since it forms the subject of another application, filed by me July 15, 1898, Serial No. 686,015.

To assist in the circulation of the acid or other fluid which is admitted to the digester to reduce the wood, the shell is shown as provided with a supplemental inner lining d, provided with a passage d having inlets and outlets d communicating with the interior of the retort, so that the fiuid admitted to said retort can circulate freely through said passage from one end of the retort to the other and permeate the material therein from both ends, thus hastening the action and rendering it more uniform throughout the mass. To

obtain the said inner lining and at the same 'time to supplement the lining proper and assist in preventing leakage therethrough, bricks are preferably used, said bricks being formed, as best shown in Fig. 4,with two surface portions 61 of equal area connected together by body portions 01 of lesser area, so that when the said bricks are laid with their edges adjacent,as shown, there are two continuous lining-surfaces and a passage between them around the body portion (1 to afford means for circulating the fluid. The inlets and outlets to the said passage may be afforded by making holes in the inner surfaces of some of the bricks, as best shown in Fig. 4, the said holes being indicated by the reference-letter 01 These inner lining-bricks may be arranged to break joints with the outer liningbricks, so as to obviate as far as possible the tendency of the acid to leak through the lining, although the cementitious material, if used, will tend to correct defects in the brick portion of the lining, while if this material is not used such acid as may leak through can be washed away, as hereinbefore described, before itcan materially injure the metallic shell, and in any event will not collect and remain where the leak occurs.

While the construction herein shown and described is simple and efficient, it is not intended to limit theinvention to such specific construction, since it may obviously be departed from without departing from the invention.

I claim 1. A retort comprising a metallic shell and a lining therefor composed of. bricks, each of which has a portion of its surface directly supported on a portion of the shell, the portion of surfacein contact with the shell being smaller than the main surface, whereby intercommunicating spaces are afforded between the bricks and the shell; and a filling of cementitious material in said spaces, substantially as described.

2. A retort comprising a metallic shell and a lining therefor composed of bricks having projecting portions of lesser area than that of the main surface of the bricks and being laid with their main surfaces adjacent to each other and their projecting portions in contact with the inner surface of the metal shell; and a filling of cementitious material in the space between said bricks and said shell, substantially as described.

3. A digester comprising a metallic shell and a lining of acid-resisting material, a space between said shell and said lining separated from the interior of the digester-chamber,

. and a circulating-passage within the said lining in communication with the said chamber for the better distribution of the agents admitted to the chamber to act on the material therein substantially as described.

,4. The herein-described lining for a digester, comprising a series of bricks each havinga pro- 'j ecting portion of smaller area than that of its face portion, the said face portions being laid side by side to afford a continuous lining-surface, and a series of other bricks having two face portions connected together by a body portion of lesser diameter than that of said face portions, the said bricks being laid with their face portions adjacent to each other and one set of face portions in contact with the other bricks, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRED XV. AYER.

WVitnesse's:

H. M. BURR, CHARLES H. BARTLETT.

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