US617785A - Apparatus for generating and utilizing gaseous fuel - Google Patents

Description

No. 617,785. Patented l an. I7, I899.

w. L. TETEBV APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND UTILIZING GASEUUS FUEL.

(Application 51661 on. so, 1897.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet I.

Witnesses. Inven t r.

No. 6|7,785. Patented Jan. l7, I899.

w. L. TETER. I APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND UTlLlZlNG GASEUUS FUEL.

(Applicatibn filed Oct. 30, 1897.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W itnesses.

Attorney.

4 sheets sheet a 51/ Ill/ I!!! Patented Ian. 17,1899.

l &\\\\\\ W. L. TETER..

(Application filed Oct. 30, 1897.)

No. 6I7,785.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND UTILIZING GASEDUS FUEL.

(No .ModaI.)

No. 60,785. Patented Ian. l7, I899.

W. L. TETER V APPARATUS FDR GENERATING AND UTILIZING GASEUUS FUEL.

(Application filed Oct. 30, 189%. (No Model.) 4'SheetsSheet 4.

UNITED STATE PATENT OFFICE.

T ILIAM L. TET'ER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FJORGIENERATINGAND UTILIZING G ASEOUSFUEL.

srncrncnmon forming tar of Letters Patent No. 617,785, dated January 17, 1899.

Appllcation'filed October 30, 1897. Serial No. 656,887. (No model.)

To. all/ 07mm it may concern;

Be it known that I, WILLIAM L. TETER, of the city and county ofPhila'delphi'a, State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improve-' ment in Apparatus for Generating and Utilizing Gaseous Fuel, of which the following is a specification. I

Myinventiou relates to apparatus for generating and utilizing gaseous fuel; and it consists of the improvements which are hereinafter fully described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings 'lhcobjccts of this invention are to provide a furnace for burning ordinary fuel with means to insure a complete combustion of the fuel and thereby to obtaina greater and more uniform heat,-to increase the intensity of the heat by the utilization of gaseous fuel in ad-- dition to the ordinary fuel employed, and to effect the consumption of the smoke'or unburned particles of fuel in. the products of combustion.- 5 p The complete combustion of ordinary fuel renders the generation of heat much-more economical, enables inferior and cheaper grades of coal to be used, and avoids the formation of clinkers or imperfectly-consmned portions of fuel. I

In furnaces in which more or less rarefied f uel-such, c. 9., as steam and vaporized hydrocarbon-has been fed into a retort so located as to be directly subjected to the products of combustion arising from the consumption of the fuel on the grate .and thereby raised toa high degree of heat, whereby the oil and steam are more or less decomposed into volatile gases which are supplied to the body of incandescent fuel on the grate by burners located under it, more or less difliculty has been experienced 'in constructing-a retort capable of withstanding the great heat to which it is subjected and possessing a sufficient capacity-for contraction and expansion without injury orloosening of the joints.

A part of the present invention relates to the construction of a retort whereby it is enabled to expand and contract to the required extent without injury and to Withstand the intense heat to which it is subjected.

Another part of my invention relates to the employment of. a smoke-consumer for consu mm g thesmoke or unburned portionsof the products of combustion and to the construction thereof, whereby gaseous fuel may be utilized and the consumer may be directly subjected to the products of combustion of the fuel on the grate without liability to become injured or loosened at the joints by contraction and expansion or the intense heat to which it .is subjected.

My invention also relates to means for supplying a forced draft of heated air or air and superheated steam to the fuel on the grate to assist the gaseous fuel supplied by the burners in effecting the complete combustion thereof.

A part of the present invention relates to improvements upon the apparatus described in my Letters Patent N 0. 499,054, dated J une 6, 1893, in which is described an apparatus employing a gas-generating chamber located in the rear of the grate, so as to be directly subjected to the products of combustion arising therefrom, and a burner communicating with said generator and extendin g u nder the grate.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a furnace embodying my inventi0n,with the incasin g brickwork in longitudinal section'to expose the interior. Fig. 2 is a plan View, enlarged, of the retort-burners and smoke-consumer. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view ofthe retort on the line a :0 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the retort-supporting frames. Fig. 5is a side elevation, similar to Fig. 1, illustrating a modification. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional View of one of the retort-tubes, illustrating a modification thereof. Fig. 7 is-a plan view of the coil through which a forced draft may .be supplied to the furnace-grate; and Fig. 8

is a perspective view of the f urn ace illustrated in Fig. 1, with part of the incasing brickwork broken away to expose-the interior.

A isthe ordinary ftn'nace-grate.

B is the retort, located in the rear of the grate. 'This retortconsists of a tubular stru ctureand is preferably composed of a series of transvers'ely'arranged tubes 0, united at their ends by couplings D and forming a substantially unitary structure. In mypreferred constructionthe retorttubes O consist of ordinary wrought-iron tubes having a pro testing-sheathing. This sheathing is shown in Fig. 31 as a continuous cast-iron sheath E,

and in Fig. 6 it is shown as a series of cast-.

iron sleeves or rings E to permit of expansion and contraction and to avoid the liability of the retort-tubes to crack, owing to the inequality of the expansion of wrought and cast iron. In-the latter case thespaces between the rings or sleeves E maybe filled with crucible clay or other refractory material, as

indicated at e. In this way the retort-tubes will be able to withstand the intense heat to [O which they are to be subjected withoutdiability of cracking.

, F F are supporting frames or boxes, of metal or refractory material, resting on fire-brick supports in which the couplings D of the re- I 5 tort-tubes are supported. I have shown the boxes F F provided with notches f on their inner faces adapted to receive flanged collars e on the ends of the retort-tubes. The couplings D within the boxes F are covered with or embedded in crucible clay or other refractory material and are thusiprotected from injury. The boxes F F may move to and from each other when the retort-tubes expand 'or contract, so that the retort will not be sub:

'; jected to strain or be liable to become weakened or injured at'the joints.

G are burners located under the grate A and communicatingwith the retort B by a pipe I-I.

K is a pipe communicating with the retort B,by means of which highly-inflammable fuel, such as oil in a more or less rarefied condition, is supplied thereto.

R is an ejector connected with the pipe K, by means of which the oilis supplied through the pipe K to the retort. The ejector is connected, as by a supply-pipe Q, with thesource of oilssupply. Steam is supplied to the ejector by a pipe r, leading from a supply-pipe 'r,

o communicating with the steam-boiler T orother source of steam-supply. I have shown the pipe 7" communicating with the pipe 1' through a steam-chamber R.

The oil in a more or less vaporized condi- 5 tion mixed with steam is fed by the ejector R through the pipe K to the retort B, where,

being subjected to intense heat,'it is converted with the steam into volatile gases, which pass through the pipe-II to the burners G,

where they escape and pass up into the body of incandescent fuel upon the grate A and are consumed partly therein and .partly in the space above the grate, thereby greatly increasing the combustion of the fuel and adding to the intensity of the heat.

I is a smokePcous-umer located in the rear of the grate A and adapted to consume the .unbu rned particles which escape from the fuel in the form of smoke. This smoke-consumer 6c is so located that it will be directly subjected.

tothe products of combustion arising from the consumption of fuel on the grate A, whereby itwill be raised to an intense heat, and inflammable fuel, such as steam and oil, in

.6 5 a more or less rarefied condition supplied to p it may be composed to a greater or less extcnt' into volatile gases, which are allowed to similarly supported.

- jectors R B, respectively.

escape into the products of combustionand be consumed therewith to burn the unburned particles of fuel escaping in .the form of smoke. This smoke consumer preferably consists of a closed portion or receptacle, into which the rarefied oil and steam are introduced and in which they are conv'ertedwholly' or partly into volatile gases, and a perforated portion connected therewith, into which the volatile gases pass andfrom which they escape. As shown, this smoke-consumer consists of a perforated pipe I, supported at its ends by the frames F F and connected by a couplingj with a closed tube orreceptacle J, The ends of the pipes I J and their coupling may be supported in the frames or boxes F F and protected by fireclay in a manner similar to the ends of the retort-tubes C G and their couplings D.

L is a pipe leading to the smoke-consumer and connected with an ejector R to which oil and steam are supplied through supplypipes Q and r in a manner similar to that in which the oil and steam are supplied to the ejector R. The mixed oil and steam in a more or less rarefied condition is thus fed by the ejector B through the pipe L to the smoke-consumer, and being decomposed in the pipe J emerge from the burner I in the form of volatile gases, which are ignited by the flames from the grate and burning with an intense heat act to consume the unburned particles escaping in the form of. smoke.

The oil (usually ordinaryhydrocarbon oil) may be supplied to the ejectors in any eonvenient' manner. uniform supply of oil without the necessity {of'operating a pump continuously, I prefer to employ the following devices:

M is a tank communicating by a pipe N with a force-pump 0,.by which a quantity of oil may be pumped from a reservoir into the tanks Q is a water-pipe by which water under pressure may be supplied to the tank M.

Q is a pipe leading from the tank M'and having two branches QQ leading tothe insight-gages g g? To insure -a steady and maybe interposed in the pipes Q Q to show the passage of the oil. I

R is a steam-chamber to which steam is supplied by the piper and from which it is supplied to the ejectors R R 'by' the pipes 7" r respectively. p j I p S is a drip-pipe from the steamwhamber.v

Oil is supplied by the pump 0 to the tank M, to which water under pressure is admitted by the pipeQ. The oil floats on the top of the water and is forced by hydrostatic pressureinto the pipe QZwhence it is drawn by the injectors R and is forced in a finely-divided condition into the pipes K and L. As the .oil is drawn by thejinjectors R R it becomes divided and falls in drops, and is therefore in condition to be more readily atomized or finely divided by the action of theinjeotors.

B. through the pipes Q Q In the construction shown in Fig. 5 the smoke-consumer J is omitted, and a forced draft of superheated steam and air is supplied to the furnace under the grate.

5 \U is a blast-pipe opening under the grate or other source of supply and provided with a nozzle w in the funnel-inlet u, by means of which-aforced, draft of air and steam is forced through the inlet w into'the pipe U.

U is a'superheating-coil located within the 51 furnace and interposed between the inlet a and outlet of the blast-pipe, through which {the air-and steam 'pass and become super A heated before being supplied to the grate Thisforced draft of air andsuperheated o s'team mingling with the volatile gases'supplied from theburners G assists in producing a complete combustion ofthe fuel on vthe grate and a more intense heat.

' Thedetails of construction which have been I shown for the purpose of illustrating my in vention may be variedwithout departing fromit. v A

What I claim as new, and desire to secur by Letters'Patent, is as follows:

. gaseou-s fuel, the combination with the grate, of a retort, located adjacentthereto so as to be directly subjected to the products of combustion therefrom, and-composed of a series 5 .of tubes coupled together at their ends, supporting-frames independent of one another supporting the ends of said tubes, means'to supply. steam and 'oil to said retort, and a burner located immediately under the grate and communicating with the retort.

2. The retortfor generating gaseous fuel, consisting of a series of tubes Gunited at their ends by couplings D, and the supporting-frames F, F, each independent of the couplings D, and'the supporting-frames F, F,-

each independent of the other supporting rthe ends of said tubes andcontaining said couplings.

5. The retort for generating gaseous fuel, consisting of a series of tubes 0 sheathed in jackets each composed of a series of inde- 1 pendent cast-iron rings, and coupled together at their ends.

6. The retort for generating gaseousfuel,

1. In apparatus. for generating and-utilizing other supporting the ends of said tubes'and" consisting of a series of tubes 0 sheathed in jackets each composed of a series of independent cast-iron rings-with a sheathing layer of refractory materialbetween adjacent rings, andcoupled together at their ends.

7. In apparatus 'for generating and utilizing gaseous fuel, the combination withthe grate, of a retort, located adjacent thereto so as to be directly subjected to the products of combustion therefrom, andbomposed of a tubular structure, supporting-frames independent of one another supporting the ends ofsaid tubular structure and having provision for movement relatively to one another under the action of the contraction and ex- I pansion of the tubular retort, and a burner located under'the grate and communicating with the retort.

8; In apparatus for enerating and utilizing gaseous fuel the combination with the grate," of a retort,'1ocated adjacent thereto, so as to be directly subjected to the products of combustion therefrom, andcomposed of a series of tubes united at their ends by coup- .lin'gs, supporting-frames independent of one another supporting the ends ofsaid. tubes and having provision for movem ent relatively to one another under the action of the contraction and expansion of the tubular retort,

refractory material carried by said frames, by 4 jwhich the couplings of said tubes are -cov.-

ered, and a burner located under the grate and communicating with'the retort.

. 9. In apparatus for generating and utilizing. gaseousfuel, the combination with the.

grate, 'of a retort, located adjacent thereto so as to bedirectl y subjected to the products of combustion arising therefrom, and consisting of atubul'ar structure, burners located under the grate and connected with the reto'rt,-a.

smoke-consumer embracing a perforated tube or receptacle, also located above the grate andadjacent to the retort so as to be subjecting gaseous fuel, the combination with the IIO ed to the productsof combustion arising from L grate, of a retort, located adjacent thereto so as to be directly subjected to the products of combustion arising therefrom, and consisting of a tubular structure, supporting-frames supporting the ends'of said tubular structure, burners located under the grate and connected-with the retort,i a smoke: consumer cons'isting of atubular structure. embracing a perforated tube, located above the grate and adjacent to the retort so asto be-subjected to I the products of combustion arising from the grate, and supported by the frames which-sup port the retort, and means to supply a highlyihflammable fuel, such as rarefied hydrocarbon, tosaid smoke-consumer.

11. In apparatus'for generating and utilizing gaseous fuel, the combination with the grate, of a smoke-consumer, located. adjacent thereto so as to be directly subjected to the products of combustion arising therefrom,

and consisting of a tubular structure embracing a-perforated tube, and supporting-frames supporting the ends of said tubular structure and having provision for movement relatively to one another to permit expansion and contraction of the tubular structure. 12. In apparatus for generating and-utilizing gaseous fuel, the combination with the grate, of a smoke-consumer, located adjacent thereto 'so as to be directly subjected. to the ing gaseous fuel, the combination of a retort consisting of a tubular structure, a smokeconsumer also consisting'of, a tubular structure and embracing a perforated tubefor the escape of gases, and supporting-frames sup-" portingthe ends of said tubular structures and free to move to and from each other under the'expansion and contraction thereof.

14. In apparatus for generating and utilize ing gaseous-fuel theeombination of a retort consisting of a closed tubular structure B, a

second tubular structure independent of the first embracing a perforated tube or portion,

and supporting-frames, supporting the ends of said tubular structures and free to move to and from each other under the expansion and contraction thereofl 15. In apparatus for generating and utilizing gaseous fuel the combination of a retort consisting of a closed tubular structure B, a

second tubular structure independent of the first embracing a perforated tube or portion,

supporting-frames, supporting the ends of said tubular structures and free to move to and from eachotherunder the expansion and contraction thereof, and means for supplying a highly-inflammable fuel, such as rarefied oil and steam, to each of saidtubular structures.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

WILLIAM L. TErEn.

. Witnesses:

ERNEST Howann Hun'rnn, J. W, KENWORTHY.-

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