US613245A - Method of making wrenches - Google Patents

Description

No. s|s,245. I Patented Nov. I, I898. L. a J. H. cuss. METHOD OF MAKING WRENGHES.

(Application filed Jan. 17, 1898.)

(No Model.)

will; 55 E5.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LORING GOES AND JOHN H. GOES, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS,

' ASSIGNORS TO THE GOES WRENCH COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

METHOD OF MAKING WRENCHES SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 613,245, dated November 1, 1898.

Application filed January 17, 1898. Serial No. 666,911. (No specimens.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, LORING GOES and JOHN H. GOES, citizens of the United States, residing at Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Method of Making Wrenches, of which the following, together with the accompanying drawings, is a specification sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable persons skilled in the art to which this invention appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to the construction of the handle portion or shank of a wrench and to the novel method of Working and forming the metal in the bar-shank to induce it to assume the desired conformation and to impinge with a strong upward pressure against the end of the ferrule as the front and rear edges of the bar-shank are expanded when the bar-shank is laterally reduced and flattened after the ferrule has been placed in its finalpermanent position upon the neck of the bar, the object being to render the process of forging the expanded shanks simple, safe, and convenient and practically successful in the hands of moderately-skilled workmen; also, to insure the close contact and compression of the abutting surfaces upon each other and to obviate liability of the displaced metal closing the pockets beneath the ferrule-rim at the flat sides of the shank during the process of reforging the extended bar shank. These objects we attain by the wrench or wrench-bar construction and improved mode of manufacture herein illustrated and described.

In the drawings we especially illustrate the improved construction and mode of manufacture which is the subject of invention in this case.

Figure 1 is a front edge view of the main bar as prepared for the assembling of the various parts thereon. Fig. 2 is a part sectional part side View illustrating another stage in the process of manufacture. Fig. 3 is a cross-section at line X X on Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a rear edge view of the bar at the same stage as that shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a side view of the wrench with the handlescale omitted and the ferrule in section and showing the bar-shank as at the completion of its formation.

The parts composing the wrench are a main bar A, having the fixed jaw or head a. thereon, the usual movable jaw B, adjusting-screw G, with its rosette G and stepspindle c and the ferrule F, having the projecting part F for receiving the screw-step, the end rim f, with pocket m thereunder, and the squared-0E top end surface d to fit against the shoulder 01, formed on the bar A at the limit of the handle, all in well-known form and relative arrangement. Taking the bar as heretofore formed with the head forged thereon and the front and rear edges "L of its shank A longitudinally straight and transversely rounded to fit the interior of the ferrule F, we then, according to our present 'invention, proceed on the following mode: First, in the opposite sides of the bar we form by milling or other means two broad recesses D D, that extend across the bar-shank just below its neck a as indicated, leaving the metal at a: between the two opposite cavities of a thickness substantially corresponding to thatdesired for the finally-flattened shank. We then form narrow grooves or notches G transversely across the front and rear edges of the bar, as best shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4. These grooves G are located at a position approximately corresponding to that of the lower end of the ferrule when the latter is in place and about central in their relation to the recesses D. The groove may be quite narrow-say one sixteenth of an inch or less-just sufficient to sever the outer surface of the bar, and in depth extend into the bar to about the same dimension as their width. Upon the bar when thus prepared the mov able jaw, the adj usting-screw, and ferrule are assembled in their usual locations, the head or rosette occupying the cavity 0 and the ferrule being forced onto the neck a up to its normal permanent position firmly against the shoulder d.

After the ferrule is placed in position on the bar we heat the end of the bar-shank A and flatten the same laterally by suitably-applied force, reducing its thickness and expanding its width at the front and rear edges I, from the outer end thereof up to a position within about one-half to three-fourths of an inch from the lower end of the ferrule, thus leaving a portion of the shank at either side, below the recesses D, standing the full thickness, as shown at a Figs. 2 and 4, the edges adjacent to the bosses at being caused to spread out in the form of rounded rudimentary shoulders, substantially as shown at e c, then allowing the shank to cool. Subsequently the bar-shank is subjected to another heating operation at a point closely adjacent to the ferrule and including the previouslyproduced bosses a and these latter are then flattened or compressed laterally and spread at front and rear, bringing the bar-shank to the reduced thickness required. The effect of this method is that the metal spreads off readily and directly to the front and rear at the lines established by the transverse grooves G, and in the formation of the abutments at E the outwardly-forced material by meeting resistance in the substance of the shoulders e or the cooler edge portion of the shank just below the shoulders is thereby caused to take a more upward direction than it otherwise would do and to become more forcibly compacted against the ends of the ferrule and to more firmly squeeze the ferrule endwise at both the front and rear points of abutment, thereby producing a very perfect joint therewith without requiring a high degree of skill and care in its production nor necessitating severe heating of the ferrule and neck of the bar above the recesses D.

Another advantage of this method is that the pockets m between the ferrule-rim f and sides of the shank are not closed or obstructed by the inflow of the compressed metal when flattening and expanding the bar-shank to form the abutments; also, avoiding any difficulty of reducing the shank under the ferrule-rimf. After the bar-shank is thus forged its edges can be properly dressed off, and the handle is completed by the addition of the wood side plates and tip-piece in well-known manner; but these latter parts are not shown,

as they do not come within the scope of our present invention.

hat we claim as of our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. As a novel method or process in the manufacture of wrenches, first producing in a bar having a straight shank and shouldered neck, the recesses (as D, D,) in the sides thereof, and the narrow transverse grooves (as G, G,) in the front and rear edges of said bar, then assembling the parts and placing the ferrule at its permanent position upon the shouldered neck of said bar, and subsequently heating and flattening that portion of the bar-shank adjacent to and below said recesses and broadening the shank from the lines of said grooves outward and upward against the ferrule end, substantially as set forth.

2. In the manufacture of wrenches of the class specified, the method of producing abutting edges on the bar-shank, which consists in primarily shaping the bar-shank to enter and fit the opening through the ferrule, then forming broad recesses across the opposite sides of said bar-shank and narrow transverse grooves or notches at the front and rear edges of the bar, located approximately corresponding to the position of the ferrule end; assembling the parts and placing the ferrule in its position on said bar, then heating and flattening the end portion of the bar-shank in a manner to produce front and rear proj ecting shoulders, and to leave bosses of metal between the flattened portion and the side recesses,then subsequently heating the shank adjacent to the ferrule and flattening and spreading said bosses to form the ferrulesupporting abutments, substantially as set forth.

Witness our hands this 13th day of January, 1898.

LORING GOES. JOHN H. GOES. Vvitnesses:

OHAs. H. BURLEIGH, SIMEoN E. KING.

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