US60379A - jaspeb - Google Patents

Description

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To ALL WHOM 1r MAY coNcEnN: f y

Be it known that I, GUSTAVUS JASPER, a citizen of Germany, now residing in Charlestown, in the county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invent'edfnew and improved method of using steam for various t purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following-is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, making a partpof this speciiication.A t'

The subject matter of my invention is an apparatus to be used in the pipe or passage that conducts the steam from the boiler tothe place where it `is used, by means of which the steam -is better controlled and rendered more eiiicient. i j l i This apparatus is more especially 'applicable tothose instances where the steam is employed for heating; such, for instance, as the boiling of sugar in the vacuum pan, boiling goods in bleacheries, heating rooms, and other uses of a like nature, in which the heat of the steam is the prgperty that is utilized. My improvement consists in placing in the steam pipe or conductor near tothe place Where the steam does its work, a diaphragm or reducing pipe, which 1 call a register, which has an orifice through it of such an area as will just supply the required amount of steam, when the steam in the pipe on the side of the register toward the boiler is carried at a pressure, say sixty pounds, more or less, above the atmosphere; by means of which the steam is delivered to its workat such a lower pressure 'asthe conditions of thework may require.

The general advantages which have been found to flow from the use of this improvement are, first, the

4ability to use at one time'steam of various pressures or temperatures, for various purposes, allA drawn from the same source of supply.; second, the prevention of any great disturbance or fluctuation of the pressure of `the steam in the sourcevof supply by means beyond the control of the operatives, so that the conditions of the working of' the steam remain `substantially donstant; and third, the rendering of the steam moreeiiicient in use in proportion to the weightof water evaporated. s

To illustrate the application of my improvement, I will take the case oi' a sugar reiinery to which it has been applied, in which a variety of conditions are exempliedwhich have direct relations to its use.` The steam is used in the refinery for three general purposes: first, to boil the sugar in the Vvacuum pan by means of `heating surfaces; second, to drive the various steam engines employed in the works; and third, the heating of liquids `and other matters by 'injecting .the steam directly into the mass to be heated; and for all these purposes the steam is supplied from a common source. To work the vacuum pan properly, the pressure of the steam in the fworm should not exceed thirtypounds per square inch above the atmosphere, as a greater pressure gives sogreat a-heat to the surface of theworm as to injure the goods; while to drive the engines properly the pressure should be sixty pounds, or greater; and for the otherl purposes of 'the'house aV low pressure and alimited' supply only is necessary. When the 'steam is first admitted to the pan charged with cold syrup, the condensation is so enormous as to redncethe pressure in the boiler, if the steam is allowed to enter the worm` freely, and thus embarrass the working of the engines and the other operations of the house, and it also tends to produce wet steam in the boilers. The same considerations also apply to a greater or less degree to` the blowing up of the sugar, andthe other minor operations oi" thelretinery. In` each of these departments the workman has it in hispower to embarrass allthe other departmentaas refineries are usually Worked; but with the use of the register plats,liaving just the size of the orifice that will discharge steam enough to do the work properlyat each place where it is to bc used, this diiriculty -is prevented. Again, it is now considered that -with equal Weights high steam contains moreheat than low steam, s'o that when pure saturated steamof a high pressure is reduced in pressure hy allowing it to escape through an orifice into a lower pressure, the resultant steam is superheated,'or has more beat than steam of the same pressure formed directly from water, so that the lower steam after passing the register is drier and more eiiicient than if generatedat that pressure. Again, as the same Weight of high steam bccupiesless space .than low steam, the eiiiciency of 'the conducting pipes and allsteam spaces ofa given size'is ,mucnrgreater with the rst than with the'last, and therc'is lalso a diminished liability of the boiler to `produceV wet steam.- All these various conditions are providedfor eli'ectually bythe use of registers in the steam pipes n'ear the places where steam is used for heating purposes, each having the capacity to allow only the requisite' amount of steam to pass to do its appropriate work and as compared with the working of the refinery without this apparatus, but with the same steamgenerator, the advantages which havebeen gained in practice have been great and decisive as to its utility.

In'the drawingsfg. 1 represents a. longitudinal section through the centre of an ordinary ange joint in a steam pipe, with the register plate inserted in the same, and iig. 2 is a plan of the same. A and B are the contiguous ends of two pieces of pipe, the end A being toward the boiler, and C is the register plate, securely held between the anges, as shown, and having an orifice, c, of the proper area to permit therequisite amount of steam to pass when the pressure upon the side, A, is, say, sixty pounds per squareinch above theatmosphere,

and uponV the side, B, is, say, twenty-live pounds, or any other pressure, that may be assumed. The orifice through the register plate shown inthe drawingris in the form of a short conicalpipe, but a simple plate with an orioe through it placed in the joint will produce the same result. But I have employed the formY shown, which I think produces less Whistling of the steam inpassing it, and it is a stronger form to resist the pressure of' the steam than a iiatplate, and-is less easily tampered with by the operatives. The several steam pipes are provided with the usual stop valves for controlling the steam in the usual manner, while at the same time all such injudieious use of it as would embarrass the 'other operations ofthe works is eil'ectually prevented. In the pipes leading to the engines in constant Work the register would not be employed, butl in those used temporarily and without governors they might be useful in certain cases. The mannerofapplying this device, and the size of the orifice used, would obviously vary with the conditions of each case7 butin the-refinery Where I have already applied it a good result has been obtained under the following conditions, namely: Steam in the boiler about sixty pounds per square inch; vacuum pan eleven feet diameter; heating surface of same, two worms and a. jacket; orifice in register forjacket, three fourths of an inch in diameter; orifice in registers for each worm, one

. and one-fourth inch in diameter; diameter of orifice for six blow-ups,one and one-fourtl1 inch; for the scum pan, three fourths of an inch; for tank for heating water, one half inch.

These examples, it is believed, will suiliciently direct the constructor how to adapt the register to any locality where it may be required.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The register as a device, to be used in combination with a steam apparatus for the purpose of more eiciently .v controlling and utilizing the steam, substantially as described.

Executed at Boston this 8th day of May, 1866.

- GUSTAVUS A. JASPER. Witnesses:

WM. C. HIBBARD, N. C. LOMBARD.

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