US602642A

US602642A - Grate-bar and furnace

Info

Publication number: US602642A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1898-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 1915-04-19

Description

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. L. K. MORROW.

GRATE BAR AND FURNACE.

No. 602,642. PaJtented Apr. 19,1898.

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G. L. K. MORROW.

GRATE BAR AND FURNACE. No. 602,642. Patented Apr. 19,1898.

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5 Sheets-Sheet 3,

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G. L. K. MORROW.

. GRATB BAR AND FURNACE.

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G. L. K. MORROW.

GRATE BAR AND FURNACE.

N0. 602,642. Patented Apr. 19,1898.

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' G. L. K. MORROW.

GRATE BAR AND FURNACE.

No. 602,642. I Patented Aprf19, 1898.

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GEORGE L. K. MORROWV, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

GRATE-BAR AND FU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 602,642, dated April 19, 1898.

Application filed April 30, 1897- Serial No. 634,515. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE L. K. MoRRow, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of lVayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grate-Bars and Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in grate-bars and furnaces; and the object of my invention is to provide means and devices of a simple nature for automatically discharging the ashes and clinkers which accumulate as a result of the combustion which takes place in said furnace and also to simplify the various mechanical constructions and provide a furnace which shall be economical in its operation and insure proper combustion. I attain these ends by the devices shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a furnace embodying myinvention, showing the devices for communicating power to the various moving parts. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a furnace with some of the parts removed, being taken on line a; m, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isa transverse sectional view of a portion of the same, taken on line g y in Fig. 2. Fig. 1 is a detail view of some of the operating parts in detail. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively a sectional and end elevation of a portion of the supporting devices and the devices for communicating power to'the clinkercrushers. Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views of the clinker-crushers. Figs. 9 and 10 are detail views of a portion of the devices used in connection with the clinker-crushers. Figs. 11, 12, and 13 are respectively side, front, and rear elevations of the stationary grate-bars. Figs. 14 and 15 are respectively side elevations of the movable bars which operate in connection with the grate-bars.

Like parts are represented by similar letters of reference in the several views.

In the said drawings, a represents the furnace proper, which may be of any suitable size or shape, preferably provided with an arch a. The bottom of the furnace, or, at least, the side portion thereof, is formed by grate-bars Z). These grate-bars b are arranged at an angle to the sides of the furnace, so as to form a sloping bottom or, more properly speaking,

a bottom in which the respective sides thereof slope inwardly from the outside to the center. The grates are preferably formed in units of three bars each I) Z2 b, which are cast integral with the head and foot portions b and 19 Each of the bars is provided on each side with a series of projections 12 and b the projections 12 on one side of each bar alternating with those 5 on the other side and the projections being adapted to form ledges or shelves which stand at such an'angle to the front of the bar that they pitch inwardly and slightly downwardly when in position, as shown in Fig. 3, with each successive shelf being adapted to lap over the next succeeding or preceding shelf, so that the fuel which comes on the said bars will be retained by said shelves with a tendency to move inwardly and downwardly from said shelves. I

Thebars b and the adjacent lugs or shelves thereon are sufiiciently removed one from the other to receive between the same reciprocatingmovable bars 12 of the grate-bars having the head and foot pieces b and b are further held together in said head and foot pieces by wrought-iron rods or bars 12 so that the parts will be held together in the event of cracking from heat or otherwise, the construction facilitating the insertion or removal of said bars for repairs or otherwise.

The furnace is preferably provided on each side with feeding devices a, which may be of the construction set forth in my pending application, Serial No. 626,336, filed March 6, 1897, forpatent on improvements in furnaces, adapted to feed the fuel longitudinally, so as to distribute the same at the upper and outer ends of the grate-bars.

The inner and lower ends of the grate-bars are preferably supported by longitudinal parallel supports 0, which are formed at the top with angular bearing-seats 0'. These supports 0 rest on stands 0 which are placed at intervals in the ash-pit and are supported laterally and held against lateral movement by connecting beams or braces 0 which are bolted or otherwise secured to the furnacewalls or to the supporting-stands c of the feeding devices a, the latter being the preferable construction. These braces or sup- The respectiveunits porting-beams c are each provided with bearings 0 in which is supported a rock-shaft 0 provided at suitable intervals with arms or projections 0 to which are pivoted links a each connected at its outer end to a rod 0 which engages in an opening 13 formed in the movable reciprocating, bar I). The supporting-stands c are also preferably provided at the top with bearings 0 in which is seateda rocking bar o This bar is formed with curved or rounded edges and reduced sides, so that the respective edges of said bar form bearing-surfaces to fit, respectively, in the bearings c on the stand 0 and in similar bearings 0 in the upper and rear portion of the movable bars 0 Each of the grate-bars b is provided at the bottom with a groove b adapted to fit on the angular seat 0 of the longitudinal and parallel supports 0, the upper end of the barb being formed with an angular seat Z7 and a hook-shaped projection Z), the seat Z7 being adapted to rest against a similar angular bearing -face a on the feeding -box, which forms a portion of the furnace side,while the hook-shaped projection b is adapted to be engaged by a projecting lug cf, also formed on the feed-box orfurnace side. These lugs a are formed at intervals corresponding to the width of the respective grate bars or grate-bar units, so that the respective bars may be inserted between the said lugs, but when moved laterally will be engaged thereby and held in position by reason of the lugs a engaging in the hook -shaped projection b, as before described.

There are arranged between the supports 0 a series of crushers d. These crushers are formed with teeth 61, arranged in rows, with the teeth in one row alternating with the spaces in the other row. These crushers are arranged impairs, the teeth of the respective pairs being arranged adjacent toeach other. Each of these crushers is supported on a square shaft 61 which passes through a similarly-formed hub or sleeve 61 on the crusher. The shaft 61 is reduced at one end to form a journal 61 whose diameter is equal to or less than the smallest diameter of the square shaft, and this journal is adapted to fit in a bearing formed in one of the side supports 0, with the shoulder formed by thus reducing the shaft resting against the inside of said support. A pin or spring-cotter d is insert ed through the journal d to hold the same againstlateral movement. The opposite end of the shaft (1 is formed with a journal d whose diameter is equal to the greatest diameter of the square shaft-that is, through the corners-so that the opening or bearing in which this journal rests will be sufficient to permit the removal or insertion of the square shaft d through the same. The shaft is further provided beyond the journal d with a crank-arm d. The crank-arms d belonging to the crushers of the respective pairs are placed on opposite sides of the support 0 and are connected together by parallel bars 01 which extend longitudinally through the furnace under the grate-bars and are connected at one end to an oscillating beam or lever d near the front of the furnace. One crusher of each pair is therefore connected to the opposite ends of the vibrating beam 61 At the respective ends of the furnace and immediately over the clinker-crushers d I provide toothed bars d and (1, which are adapted to operate in connection with said clinker-crushers to form the bottom of the furnace and also assist in breaking up the clinkers formed at or moved to the center of the furnace. The oscillating or vibrating beam 61 is preferably formed with a socket (1 adapted to receive a lever-arm d, which is perforated with a series of openings 01 and is also formed between said perforations and the vibrating bar or beam with a reduced cross-section, as shown at (1. This leverarm is adapted to be held in position in the vibrating beam (1 by a pin or key c1 so that the arm may be removed or replaced, as desired.

Motion is imparted to the various operating parts from a main driving-shaft e, which extends across the furnace-front and is provided with worm-wheels e e, which mesh with the worm-gears e on the conveyer-shaft of the feeding devices, as in my former application referred to. Each of these wormwheels is preferably formed with a stud or crank-pin a on which is journaled one end of a connecting bar or pitman e pivotally connected at its other end to a rocker-arm a which is journaled on a stationary stud e on the furnace-front. This rocker-arm is connected at its opposite extremities by links e and e to arms e and e on the ends of the bars 0 and rock-shaft 0 respectively. One

of the rocker-arms 6 has an additional link a, which is connected to the arm (Z of the vibrating bar (1 so that as the shaft 6 is revolved to operate the conveyer the movable bars I) are given a reciprocating inward and downward movement between the grate-bars, while the clinker-crushers are given a backward-and-forward rotary or oscillating movement which causes them to crush the clinkers which may be engaged thereby and deliver them into the ash-pit.

It should be noted that the cranks d on the respective journals of the clinker-crushers are shorter on the rear crushers than on the front crushersthat is to say, each succeeding crank is slightly shorter than the preceding one, so that the same movement of the vibrating bars d produces a more rapid movement of the crushers in the rear than in the front. This is for the purpose of handling the clinkers and refuse which form at the bottom of the furnace in proportion to the way in which they are formed, as more fuel is consumed in the rear of the furnace than in the front, and consequently more clinkers form.

The arrangement of the openings 01 in the lever-arm (Z permits an adjustment which will permit a greater or less movement of the bars d as the link 6 which is connected thereto, is moved to or from the end of said lever. By having the lever-arm of a smaller cross-section, as shown at cZ ,any undue strain on the clinker-crushers or other connections, which would tend to break any of the parts, would cause the lever-arm to break at 61 which would be the weakest point, and by removing the pin (Z a new arm could be readily inserted therein, thus saving the necessity of the renewal of some of the more expensive and less accessible parts.

The arrangement of the bearing-supports for the grate-bars, both at the top and bottom, provides means for the adjustment of said grate-bars, caused by expansion or contraction of the same by changes of temperature to which they are subjected.

The vibrating movement of the movable bars b and the arrangement of the parts for producing this movement are such as to cause an even distribution of the fuel in the furnace, an even feeding of the same toward the center, and the removal of the ashes therefrom. It should be noted that the shelves or projections 12 are omitted at the bottom portion of the grate, a single lug or projection 6 being formed on each side of the grate to form a guide for the removable bar 6 This leaves a space through which the ashes can more readily be distributed and at a point in the bar at which the fuel should be largely consumed.

I preferably construct each of the movable or feeding bars I) with an extension 5 having therein a bearing-seat I). At the side of the furnace and preferably forming a part of the feeding-box I provide a rib a, with which the bearing b is adapted to engage. This furnishes a means for supporting the upper ends of the movable bars when in the position of rest, and also furnishes the means for more readily assembling the parts. The movable bars may be inserted in their positions and rest on the ribs 5*, while the vibrating bar o is withdrawn or inserted into position in the bearings 0 and 0 For the same reasons and to accomplish the same result I provide the grate-bars at the bottom with connecting projections 5 which are coincident in length with the foot?) of the grate-bar and serve to support the lower end or corner of the vibrating bar I) when inserting the supporting and power-transmitting devices into position to move said movable bars. It should be noted, also, that the connecting parts of the movable bars b are so placed that when the bars are extended to their outermost positions they would tend to return to their innermost positions by gravity, so that in case of breakage of any of the driving parts the bars b would drop down to their innermost positions or to the position below the front edge of the grate-bars proper, and thus out of the fuel or combustion-chamber.

their proper operation by the movable parts.

The usual fire-door fmay be employed for feeding the fuel by hand. I preferably employ a hearth-plate f extending downwardly and inwardly from said door and ending at a point immediately above the grate-bar supports a and the clinker-crushers therein. The toothed plate (Z is bolted or otherwise removably secured to this hearth-plate, so

-that means are provided for readily renewing the same. This hearth-plate f also furnishes a shield for the supporting devices of the vibrating bars 01 which consist, preferably, of a bearing-block f bolted or otherwise secured between the ends of the gratebar supports 0, and having a stud or pin f, on which the vibrating bar 61 is adapted to oscillate. This bearing-block also forms a spacer for the grate-bar supports 0, as shown in Fig. 6.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a furnace, a series of inclined gratebars arranged on opposite sides of the furnace, each of said grate-bars being supported at its lower end on a bar-support having an angular projection fitted in a corresponding groove in said bar, an inclined supportingplate at the upper ends of said grate-bars approximately in line with the plane of said bars, said plate having engaging lugs or projections adapted to engage'in hook-shaped lugs on said bars to hold said bars against vertical displacement but permit a longitudinal and lateral adjustment of the same, substantially as specified.

2. The combination with the angularly-arranged grate-bars ,having the laterally-projecting shelves on the, sides thereof, of the movable bars arranged between the ends of,

said shelves, said movable bars being supported at each end on operating parts adapted to move the same back and forth through the space between said grate-bars and shelves, the operating parts being so arranged that the movable bars when in any position of their movement shall tend to return by gravity to their normal position below the front of saidgrate-bars, substantially as specified.

3. The combination with the stationary grate-bars and movable bars arranged between the same, means for elevating and depressing the movable bars between the stationary grate-bars, a stationary longitudinal support arranged below said stationary bars,

and a bearing-support on each of said movable bars adapted to engage said stationary support and thus hold said movable bars in alinement when in a position of rest, substantially as specified.

4. The combination with a side feeding device and central gratebar supports, support- IlO ing-stands for said feeding device and brace connections from said supporting-stands to said grate-bar supports, inclined grate-bars extending from said fuel-feeding device to said supports, a rock-shaft journaled in bearings in said brace connections, and an oscillating beam or bar journaled in bearings in said supporting-stand, and movable bars fitted between said grate-bars and connected to said oscillating beam and rock-shaft at the respective ends thereof,substantiall y as specified.

5. The combination with the inclined gratebars and the central supports therefor, of the clinker-crushers journaled between said supports, said clinker-crushers each consisting of toothed crushers arranged in pairs, the respective crushers of each pair having oppositely-projecting cranks, and vibrating bars connecting all the cranks on the respective sides of said supports, and an oscillating beam connected to said vibrating bars, and means for communicating power to said beam, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. The combination with the feeding device, inclined grate-bars extending therefrom inwardly and downwardly to the center of the furnace and supported on longitudinal supports, movable bars having oscillating devices connected thereto, said movable bars being arranged between said grate-bars, rotary crushers journaled between said supports, crank-shafts on said crushers extending in opposite directions, and vibrating bars connected to said crank-shafts, an oscillating beam connected to said vibrating bars, and connecting devices by which said feeding devices, said oscillating bars and said crushers are operated in unison, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. The combination with the inclined grates, of the central grate-supports, the rotary crushers arranged between said supports, crankshafts extending in opposite directions from said crushers, said crankshafts being of gradually-decreasing length from front to rear, vibrating bars connected to said crank-shafts, and means for alternately reciprocating said bars, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. The combination with the grate-bar supports, the crushers located between the same, the movable toothed plates arranged at the front and rear of said grate-bar supports and adapted to act in conjunction with said crushers, substantially as specified.

9. The combination with the rotary crushers, the vibrating bars connected to oppositely-arranged crank-shat ts on said crushers, and an oscillating beam connected to said bars, of a removable lever-arm connected to said oscillating beam, said lever-arm having a reduced area in cross-section adapted to break under undue strain, substantiallyas specified.

10. The combination with the inclined grates, the longitudinal grate-supports, the spacing and supporting block at one end of said supports, a stud in said supporting-block, an oscillating plate journaled on said stud, vibrating bars extending from said oscillating beam to oppositely-arranged crank-shafts extending in opposite directions from said crank supports, clinker crushers on said crank-shafts, and a hearth-plate arranged above said spacing and supporting block and said oscillating beam, substantially as speci fied.

11. The combination with the inclined grate-bars, an inclined supporting-plate for the upper ends thereof, said plate being provided with a series of projecting lugs alternating with a series of spaces, hook-shaped projections on said grate-bars adapted to be inserted in the spaces between said lugs and when moved laterally to engage said lugs and hold said grate-bars against vertical disp1aceinent while permitting longitudinal expan sion and contraction thereof, substantially as specified.

12. The combination with the upper gratebar supports and the supporting-stands, the longitudinally extending ribs arranged on said grate-bar supports and below the same, the oscillating beam supported in bearings in said stands and having the circular rib connected thereto and arranged adjacent to said longitudinal stationary rib, in combination with the movable bars which are j ournaled on the rib of said movable beam and provided with bearings adapted to engage with said stationary rib, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

13. The combination with the stationary grate-bars and the movable bars between the same, oscillating devices connected at each end to said movable bars to cause the same to reciprocate between the stationary bars, and stationary projections or supports below the respective ends of said movable bars, said stationary supports and movable bars having interengaging projections adapted to receive and support said bars in line in assembling said movable bars and their connecting parts, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 27th day of April, A. D. 1897.

GEORGE L. K, MORROW.

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