US600470A - Razor grinding machine - Google Patents

Description

s Sheets-Sheet 1.

' (N0 Model H. WOLFERTS. RAZOR GRINDING MACHINE.

v Patented Mar. 8

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 2. H WOLFERTS RAZOR GRINDING MACHINE.

No. 600,470. Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-She t 3 H. WOLPERTS. e RAZOR GRINDING MACHINE.

N0. 600,470. Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

IIII W1? ass .9

m: NORRiS PEYERS cu. Punm-uma, wAswm zvcm. u. c.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4. H. WOLPERTS. RAZOR GRINDING MAOHINE.

Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

Zdi'nesses m: mmms PIYER co. FNOTQJITHO, WASHINGTON. u, c.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5. H. WOLFERTS.

RAZOR GRINDING MACHINE. No. 600,470; Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

rm: mums rzrsns co. PHOTQLITNO WASNINGTON D c (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

H. WOLFERTS. RAZOR GRINDING MACHINE.

No. 600,470. Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

; Nl'llED STATES PATENT. union.

HEINRICH VOLFERTS, OF LANDVVEHR, GERMANY.

RAZOR-GRINDING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 600,470, dated March 8, 1898.

Application filed August 16, 1897. Serial No. 648,435. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HEINRICH WoLFERTs, a subject of the King of Prussia, Emperor of Germany, residing at Landwehr, near Solingen, in the Province of Rhenish Prussia, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Razor- Grinding Machines, of which the following is a specification.

Of all the processes occurring in the manufacture of razors the hollow-grinding of the blade is the one which contributes chiefly to the costs of production, occupying the great-.

est amount of time and requiring most care, especially in order to avoid overheating of the blade. Machinery has therefore been designed to effect the hollow-grinding; but the work turned out has been found to be incomplete, subsequent finishing by hand being necessary. This is due to the fact that in consequence of the somewhat curved form little corners remain un ground at each end of the razor-back on both sides of the cutting edge, since these ends do not come into the course of operation of the grinding-rollers. These four corners have therefore to be finished off by hand.

The object of the present invention is a grinding-machine, as shown on the drawings, which in a minimum of time effects completely automatic hollow-grinding of the razor in a manner answering all requirements, obviating all danger of overheating of the blade, and rendering finishing by hand wholly unneces sary. One attendant is sufficient for three or four machines, so that the wages paid for grinding a single blade is thus extremely small.

The working of the machine is such that the Whole length of the razor m to be ground, Figures 1 to i, being introduced with the edge foremost between two rotating stones 3 s, the blade, simultaneously with its forward movement between the stones, receives a to-andfro oscillating motion in the arc of a circle in the direction of its length. The surface offered to the stones is thus being continually changed, so that the steel cannot be overheated by too long grinding on one and the same part. Furthermore, by reason of the oscillating motion of the blade the ends of the back also are presented to the stones, whereby the simultaneous grinding of the corners 6, Fig. 1, is effected.

Another feature of the machine is the application of a wedge is, Fig. 2, for effecting the forward motion of the razor between the stones. This wedge, by reason of its graduallyrising surface, imparts an advance movementadapted to the particular form of the section of the blade coming under operation for the moment in such manner that during the period of grinding equal work is per formed on all portions of the blade from edge to back-that is to say, the advance of the blade can be so regulated that without being dependent upon the will of the machine attendant the forward motion at the com mencementtl1at is, at the time of grinding the edge--is effected relatively faster and toward the back relatively slower. This regulation further prevents unequal heating of the blade during the grindingprocess. Finally, the machine embraces an automatic disengaging device which on completion of the grinding process stops the further operation of the wedge and leaves it free for being carried back to its first position.

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view on the line X X of Fig. 3. Fig. 1 is a detail view of a razor, showing the unground corners at the back. Fig. 2 is a similar view taken on the line y y of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the machine. Fig. 4: is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line X X of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a partial horizontal section illustrating the mechanism thrown out of operation, and Fig. 7 is a detail view of the rod q and lever o for controlling the driving mechanism.

The grinding-stones s s (the diameter of rod 0 carries at its lower end a carriage d, having bearing-arms d, in which rotates a crank-shaft (K the connecting-rod d of which This.

shaft grasps a lever 01 at its upper end, said lever being secured to the bearer b. On rotation of the shaft d the bearer bis thus oscillated about the pivot-bolt b. The carriage d travels on the vertical guide-piece f of the hangerf, Figs. 2 and 5, secured under the table 25. The rod 0 is on one side cut away at 0, Figs. 1, 2, 5, and 6, the upper face of this notch being formed as a wedgeshaped nose 0 Figs. 1 and 2. In this notch, under the nose c lies the wedge 70, the front end of which is supported by the bracket g, while the rear end is secured by a pin lo to the toothed rack h, said rack traveling laterally in the guide Z, Figs. 2 to 6, and being operated by the toothed wheelz' on the shaft 4 By means of the worm-gear 0 0' 0 0 Figs. 3, 4, and 5, motion is transmitted to this shaft 1." from the shaft 71, which is rotated by the pulley p, driven from the main shaft. The shaft 72 also drives the crank-shaft d by means of grooved pulleys 02 n for the purpose of attaining the to-and-fro motion of the bearer b.

The driving-pulley p is loosely mounted on the shaft n and only drives the latter when the Coupling mechanism 19 has been brought into engagement with it. A double-armed lever r, having its fulcrum in the arm 0", grips the neck 19 of this coupling mechanism, its other end being connected to the horizontallymoving vrod q. p This rod q, passing through the framing of the machine to the bearing q, carries at its other end a head-piece u, against which the end of a lever 'v, pivotally mounted on" the arm o, hears when the coupling 19 is in engagement with the driving-pulley, Fig. 5. The lever 1; (shown, with the rod q, in front elevation in Fig. 7) is so arranged that the wedge comes in contact with it when this wedge, operated by the toothed rack 71., has arrived at its end position. The somewhat rounded-off end of the wedge now passes under the lever '1), raising it up so far until its 'nose is elevated above the head-piece u. The

rod q, operating under spring-pressure, is now set free and by the spring g is thrown from its position in Fig. 5 to that shown in Fig. 6, whereupon the lever 'r' brings the coupling mechanism 19 out of engagement with the pulley 19. This pulley, being loosely mounted, rotates now without driving the shaft n, so that the operation of the toothed rack h, and likewise the further advance of the wedge is and the oscillation of the bearer b of the razor, ceases. The movement of the rod q also effects a lateral movement of the wedge 70 into the position indicated in Fig. 6, the wedge having a notch 70 in it, which enables it to pass over the pin 9 Figs. 1, 2, 5, and 6, which up to this point has acted as guide, retaining it during its forward motion in the lateral notch c of the rod 0.

The manner of working is as follows: The forged razor is laid with its back on the oscillating bearer b and by means of the tanghole hung onto a pin w, projecting laterally from the arm w of the bearer b. The razor hangs on this pin with some amount of play, so that a rigid straining is avoided and the blade can adjust itself between the stones 8 8. At the commencement of the grinding process the razor lies in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, between the stones 8 s, which have been previously adjusted to the correct distance' apart. In this position the wedge It lies with its front end under the nose 0 of the rod 0. While now the I stones driven by the pulleys z z rotate in the direction toward each other, the wedge 10 is slowly moved forward by the toothed rack 77., operated, as above described, by the driving-pulley 19, standing in engagement with the coupling mechanism 19, (position Fig. 5,) and the rod 0 is thus slowly elevated by the gradual rise of the sloping face of the wedge as it passes under the nose 0 In this way the razor (continually cooled by appropriate conduction of water) is pushed always farther and farther between the stones 3 s, as will be clearly understood. At the same time the bearer b is oscillated to and fro by the rotation of the crank-shaft d, which simultaneously with the rod 0 receives an upward movement in its bearings by means of the carriage (l. The razor is thus continually oscillated to and fro in the arc of a circle in the direction of its length between the stones. The parts operated upon by the stones are conse quently being perpetually changed, so that just as in grinding by hand one and the same part of the blade never remains under constant operation for any length of time, so that overheating of the steel during grinding is avoid ed. By reason of the oscillation of the blade the ends of the back also come within the range of operation of the stones when the blade has reached the position necessary for the predetermined degree of hollow-grinding and which position cannot be exceeded. In this manner the corners 6, Fig. 1, of the curved back of the razor on both sides of the edge are ground off.

The lift of the rod 0 and razor m is regulated by the form of the sloping surface of the wedge 70. Thus by altering the form of the wedge the degree of lift can be so controlled at will that the stones can be caused to operate equally on every part of the blade during grinding, and that therefore the razor at the commencement where the stones have less material to grind away is raised relatively faster, while in grinding the back relatively slower. In order to enable easy insertion of wedges suited to difierent razors, the Wedge is most advantageously constructed in two parts, the upper of which can be readily placed upon pins 70 Fig. 2, in the lower.

When the sloping surface of the wedge has wholly passed under the nose 0 the latter now descends into the free space behind the wedge, the rod 0 falling and the razor being drawn out from between the stones 8 8. At

the same time the notch 10 in the wedge has come into a position in line with the guidepin g the wedge being now laterally displaced into the position shown in Fig. 6 by the pressure exerted by the rod q. The toothed wheel 2' is set in engagement with the shaft 2" by means of a coupling 6 and turns loosely on the shaft when the coupling is brought out of gear. By means of the handle h the toothed rack 72., and with it the wedge 70, can now be drawn back from the position shown in Fig. 6, the wedge being brought again by means of the flat spring Z, Figs. 5 and 6, into the original straight position, with its free end lying before the notch c of the rod 0. This rod, with the carriage d, has descended somewhat, so that the ground razor can be conveniently lifted out of the bearer b and a new one inserted, upon which the process of grinding can be commenced again. The necessary elevation of the rod 0 for the purpose of introducing the front end of the wedge 70' into the lateral notch c is effected by means of a hand-leverf having its fulcrum on the pivot-boltf in the hanger f, its short arm taking under a cross-piece of the carriage cl.

On setting the coupling mechanism 19 in engagement with the driving -pulley p by means of the handle 9' for commencement of new work the head-piece u is drawn back under the lever 11 with the rod q, whereupon the lever o descends of itself into the position shown in Figs. 1 and 7 and again lies in front of the head-piece a.

In order that the advance of the razor may also, if desired, be stopped during grinding, the lever r, Figs. 3 to 6, is supplied with a handle r and the rod (1 made up of two parts, one of which slides within the other. The coupling mechanism 19 can thus be thrown out of engagement by hand by operating the handle r of the lever 1', the outwardly-lying part of the joint rod g, which is connected to the tubular part, lying toward the interior of the machine, by a pin q, running in a slot g Fig. 5, then sliding into the companion part. The shaft or is thus brought to rest, while the motion of the inner lying partof the joint rod q is also stopped by the lever 1 The pulleys 2, driving the stones, are alternately mounted, so that pulleys of various sizes, also of diameter greater than that of the stones, can be substituted.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a machine for grinding concave razors, the combination with rotary grinding-stones parallel with one another, of an oscillating support for the razor, and means for imparting an upward movement of the support to longitudinally between the stones in the arc of a circle, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. In a machine for grinding concave razors, the combination with rotary grinding-stones parallel with one another, of a verticallymovable oscillating support for the razor, means for oscillating the razor longitudinally between the stones in the arc of a circle, a wedge arranged to move horizontally beneath the razor-support and means for gradually moving forward the wedge beneath said support to feed the razor upward between the stones simultaneously with its oscillating movement, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

3. In a machine for grinding concave razors, the combination with rotary grinding-stones parallel with one another, of a verticallymovable oscillating support for the razor, means for longitudinally oscillating the razor between the stones, a wedge arranged to move horizontally beneath the razor-support,means for gradually moving forward the Wedge beneath said support to feed the razor upward between the stones simultaneously with its oscillating movement, and means for auto* matically throwing said wedge laterally from beneath the support at the end of the grindin g operation to permit the support to drop and withdraw the razor from beneath the stones, substantially as described.

4. In a machine for grinding concave razors,

the combination with rotary grinding-stones parallel with one another, of a verticallymovable oscillating support for the razor, means for longitudinally oscillating the razor between the stones, a wedge arranged to move horizontally beneath the support, means for gradually moving forward the wedge beneath said support to feed the razor upward between the stones simultaneously with its oscillating movement, means for automatically throwing said wedge laterally from beneath the support at the end of the grinding operation to permit the support to drop and withdraw the razor from beneath the stones, and mechanism operated by said wedge for simultaneously throwing the operating mechanism out of action, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HEINRICH VVOLFERTS.

lVitnesses:

WILLIAM H. MADDEN, JULIA SPINTLER.

Images