US598953A

US598953A - Engine

Info

Publication number: US598953A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1898-02-15
Anticipated expiration: 1915-02-15

Description

(No Model.) 7 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. E. G.v NEWMAN.

' ENGINE.

No. 598,953. Pa,t-entedFeb."15, 1898.

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(No Model.)

B. G. NEWMAN.

ENGINE.

IIIIE I 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Feb. 15, 1898.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

- E. G. NEWMAN.

ENGINE.

No. 598,953. Patented Feb. 15, 1898.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN G. NEWMAN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 598,953, dated February 15, 1898.

Application filed March 12, 1897.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN G. NEWMAN,-a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented oer tain new and useful Improvements in Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

My invention has relation to improvements in steam-engines and it consists in the novel arrangement and combination of parts more fully set forth in the specification and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a top plan view of a double form of my improved engine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line x 00 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a face view of the oscillating piston, showing a portion of the rock-shaft to which it is secured. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the piston, taken on the line 1 y of Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the piston, taken on the line 2 z of Fig. 4; and Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the cylinder over which the valve-chest is mounted.

The object of the present invention is to combine an oscillating type of piston with the ordinary reciprocating slide-valve, whereby the increased leverage ofiered by such piston to the expansive force of the steam admitted by the slide-vale into the cylinder will enhance the effect of such expansive power over 1 the corresponding results obtained-by a rectilinear reciprocating piston, it being understood, of course, that the present device is specially applicable to lowspeed engines whose horse-power, rather than speed, is the desideratum.

A further object is to construct such a piston in a manner as to insure a perfectly tight joint between the sides thereof and the walls of the cylinder within which it oscillates.

In detail the invention may be described as follows:

Referring to thedrawings, lrepresents the base-plate of the machine, on which the several parts of the machine are mounted. Disposed between suitable bearings or standards 2 is a drive-shaft 3, provided with a main driving-pulley 3, the opposite outer ends of the shaft carrying crank-disks 4, to each of Serial it). 627,148. (No model.)

which is secured one end of a connecting-rod 5, the opposite end being pivotally secured to a crank-arm 6, carried at the outer end of the oscillating or rock shaft 7, to which the piston is secured. The shaft 7 passes through bearings 8 at the outer ends of the brackets 9, projecting from the outer wall of the semicircular cylinder 10, and through stufiingboxes 11, interposed between the upper face of the cylinder and the base 12 of the steam or valve chest 13, supported by it. The latter, as in the ordinary form of steam-chest, is provided with the usual reciprocating slidevalve 14, controlling the ports 15, leading, respectively, to the opposite ends of the cylinder and the exhaust-port 16. The steam-pipe is represented by 17. The valve-stem 18 is connected by an adjustable arm 19 and a link 20, pivotally secured to one end of said arm,

to the eccentric disk 21 of the drive-shaft, the disk being loosely embraced by a sectional eccentric ring 22, coupled to the opposite screw-threaded end of the link 20. The arm 19 is adjustable along the valve-stem within the limits of the end walls of a notch 23, a retaming-bolt 24 passing through the embracing loop of the said arm and bearing against the base of the notch. By slight adjustments of the arm '19 the lead of the slide-valve is obviously controlled. The outer end of each valve stem passes through a bearing 25, formed at the upper end of a standard or pillar 26, carried by the bed-plate.

The cross-section of the passage of the cylinder through which the piston oscillates is that of an open circle terminating in a rectangle, so that the passage is substantially a semicircular open annular passage having circular walls which terminate adjacent to the axis of oscillation of the rock-shaft in a reduced annular passage substantially oblong in cross-section. The shape of the piston (see Fig. 4) conforms to the cross-section of such passage.

From the parts thus far described it is apparent that with the reciprocation of the slide-valve '14 (controlled, as usual, from the driveshaft) steam willalternatelybe admitted into the ports 15 15 and into the opposite ends of the cylinder, oscillating the .piston carried by the rock-shaft first in "one direction and then the other, thereby imparting a rocking motion to the crank-arm 6, which in turn, through the medium of the connectingrod 5 and disk 4, imparts a rotating motion to the drive-shaft. The present engine being a double one, of course the description for one-half thereof will suffice for the Whole. For any given expansion of the steam permitted to enter the cylinder at each stroke of the slide-valve it is apparent that the leverage offered by the oscillating piston to such expansive force will enable the latter to perform work and overcome resistance in excess of a directly-acting reciprocating piston in proportion to the amount of leverage offered by the present arrangement. Of course the leverage will in a measure depend on the relative length of the lever-arms of the piston and the crank-arm 6, secured to the same rock-shaft.

The general operation of the device having been described, I shall now describe the de- 1 tail construction of the piston, whereby a. tight joint between the same and the walls of the cylinder is insured. Tightly passed 1 about the rock-shaft 7 and having its opposite ends inserted into the stuffing-boxes 11 is a sleeve 28, having formed integrally or as a part thereof a radially-extending arm or tongue 29, designed to oscillate between the plane or vertical extensions of the circular walls of the cylinder, the said tongue having formed therein an opening 30, disposed at right angles to the plane of oscillation thereof or at right angles to the planes of the inner surfaces of the said vertical walls of the cylinder, the said opening being designed to receive an expansive coiled spring 31, Whose opposite ends when the spring is compressed serve to firmly force against the plane walls of the cylinder the packing-plates 32, interposed between each plane wall of the cylinder and the adjacent surface of the tongue 29. The lower end of each plate 32 is received by the forked end 33 of the parallel-disposed ribs 34, formed about the periphery of a transversely-split or open ring 35, oscillating withv in the curved annular passage of the cylinder, the tongue 29 extending to the periphery of the ring and snugly fitting between the bases of the ribs 34. Within the ring 35 is a transversely-split or open band 36, within which is inserted a square or polygonal block 37, mounted on a stem 38, which forms an integral part of a disk'39, bounding the block on one side, the opposite side or face of the block being bounded by a similar disk 39', passed over the free end of the stem, the parts being firmly secured bya nut 40, passed over the screw-threaded end of the stem 38. The outer face of the disk 39 is provided with a solid centrally-projecting head 41, which has its equivalent in the lateral tubular extension 41, forming part of the disk 39 and directly embracing the stem 38. Embracing the disks 39 39 are cover-plates 42, each provided with a circular opening 43 to accommodate 'the projecting portions 41 41 of the disks, the

lower extension of each plate 42 being circular to conform to the shape of the disks directly covered by them, the upper extensions, between the edges of which the edges of the packing-plates 32 are directly embraced, being oblong. (See Fig. 4.) The inner walls of the said oblong extensions are longitudinally grooved to receive and snugly embrace the sides of the tongue 29, the depth of the groove being shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 6 and also Fig. 3, it being understood that the tongue 29 is wider than the packingplates 32, the width of said tongue being equal to the combined thicknesses of the ring 35 and disks 39 39, disposed on the opposite faces thereof. When the parts are assembled, they are secured by screws 44, passed, respectively, through the tongue and coverplates 42. The disk 39 is secured to the block 37 by means of screws 45, driven flush with the surface of the disk. To insure a tight joint between the ring 35 and the circular walls of the cylinder, I interpose the flexed springs or plates 46 into the spaces formed between the walls of the block inserted into the band 36 and the adjacent walls of said band, the bases of the springs resting against the walls of the block and their free ends bearing against and forcing the band 36 against the split ring 35, expanding the latter against the walls of the cylinder-passage, and thus insuring a tight joint between these parts. It is obvious from the foregoing that the joint, therefore, between the piston constructed as here described and the inner walls of the cylinder is absolutely tight. It is further apparent that minor changes might be made in the construction without departing from the spirit of my invention.

It may be stated in passing (a fact apparent from the drawings) that the rock-shaft is disposed centrally between the opposite ends of the annular passage of the cylinder, said shaft extending across or transversely of said passage. The lower section of the passage, or that which is described as substantially circular in cross-section, is larger as to crosssectional area than the upper section or that whose cross-section is oblong.

Extending from the bottom of the cylinderpassage is a drain-pipe 50, provided with a valve 51, to allow for the escape of water of condensation.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. In an engine, a suitable drive-shaft, an eccentric disk carried by the same, an eccentric ring looselyembracing the disk, a link secured to the ring, a slide-Valve and valve-stem therefor, an adjustable arm pivotally connecting the link to the valve-stem, an oscillating piston, a rock-shaft for the piston, the latter having a reducedoblong portion located adjacent to the axis of oscillation of the rockshaft and an expanded portion substantially circular in form, a cylinder for said piston conforming in cross-section to the shape 0f IOC the piston, and suitable connections between being disposed between, and at right angles to, the plane walls of the cylinder and suitable packing-plates interposed between the cylinder-walls and the adjacent side of the tongue, the opening of the tongue containing an expansive coiled spring bearing against the inner surfaces of the packing-plateswhereby the packing-plates are firmly forced against the. inner surfaces of the cylinder-walls and a tight joint insured, substantially as set forth.

3. In an engine, a rock-shaft, an arm or tongue projecting radially therefrom,an opening in said tongue disposed at right angles to the plane of oscillation of the tongue, a cylinder having an annular passage bounded by walls substantially circular in cross-section, and an annular passage or extension bounded by plane walls between which said tongue is adapted to oscillate, suitable packing-plates interposed between the plane walls of the cylinder and the adjacent side of the tongue, a spring confined within the opening of the tongue and force thepacking-plates firmly against the cylinder-walls, a ring adapted to operate in the first annular passage of the cylinder, forked ribs carried by the periphery of the ring and adapted to receive the lower ends of the packing-plates, a band within the ring, a polygonal block within the band, flexed springs or plates interposed in the space between the walls of the block and the inner walls of the band, the bases of the springs resting against the block and their free ends forcing against the band, a stem for the reception of the block, a disk forming apart of the stem and embracing one face of the block, a disk passed over the opposite end of the stem, a tubular extension forming a part of the second disk and directly embracing the stem, a head carried by the first-named disk, a nut for securing the parts, a series of screws for securing the second disk to the block, and suitable cover-plates having each an opening to pass over the head and tubular extension of the respective disks, and suitable bolts for clamping the parts together, the said bolts passing through the tongue and plates, the latter forming the faces of the resulting piston, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWIN G, NEWMAN. Witnesses:

EMIL STAREK, ALFRED A. MATHEY.