US597156A - Electric railway-motor - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 5 SheetsSheet I.

O. J; VAN DBPOELE, Deod.

G. A. COFFIN & A. WAHL, Alninistrators. ELECTRIC RAILWAY MOTOR.

N0. 597,156. I Patented Jan. 11, 1898. Fpg-l. 1 g;

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G. A. Comm & A. WAHL, Aministrators. ELECTRIC RAILWAY MOTOR.

No. 597,156.- Patented Jan. 11,1898

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C. J. VAN DEPOELE, Deod.

C. A. Comm & A. WAHL, Aministrators. ELECTRIC RAILWAY MOTOR.

No. 597,156. P tented Jan. 11, 1898.

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G. A. COFFIN & A. WAHL, Alninistrators. ELECTRIC RAILWAY MOTOR.

l I0.- 597,156. Patented Jan. 11, 1898.

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CHARLES .I. VAN DEPOELE, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS; C. A. COFFIN AND ALBERT VVAIIL, ADMINISTRATORS OF SAID V AN DEPOELE, DECEASED, ASSIGNORS TO THE THOMSON-HOUSTON ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELECTRIC RAI LWAY-M OTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 597,156, dated January 11, 1898.

Application filed June 11, 1890. Serial NO. 355,019. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.- opened without sparking. The operation of Be it known that I, CHARLES J. VAN DE- the mechanism described is successive in its POELE, a citizen of the United States, residorder-that is to say, with the motors in one ing at Lynn, in the county of Essex and State combination I first open the circuit at a num- 5 of Massachusetts, have invented certain new ber of points simultaneously, then shift the and usefulImprovementsinElectricRailwaymotors to a new circuit relation, and then Motors, of which the following is a descripclose the circuit and throw the current tion, reference being had to the accompanythrough them. ing drawings, and to the letters and figures In the drawings, Figure I is a plan view of 10 of reference marked thereon. a motor-truck provided with motor mechan- My invention relates to improvements in ism embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is an electric railway-motors and to means for conend view thereof. Fig. 3 is a plan View simitrolling their speed and power. Means are lar to Fig. 1, differing only in the construcalso provided for controlling the direction of tion of the motor. Fig. 4 is a side elevation,

I5 rotation, but this latter is altogether indewith parts broken away, andillustrates either pendent of the circuit and current controlof the constructions shown in Figs. 1 and ling devices. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the circuit-con- The invention comprises a duplex or doutrolling apparatus. Fig. (3 is a plan view of ble circuit motor, or two separate motors havthe circuit opening and closing switch. Fig.

20 ing their armatures and field-magnet coils 7 is a diagrammatic view of the electrical cirin series and having sectionally-wound fieldcuits and circuit-changing devices. Fig. Sis 7o magnet coils operating upon the principle set a view in elevation, partly in diagram, showforth in myPatent No. 3et7,902, dated August ing a duplex reversing-switch. Fig. 9 is a 24:, 1886. general diagram of circuits grouping into 25 By referring to this patent it will be seen their respective relations the detached parts that the field-magnet, in addition to its usual shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8.

magnetizing-coils, has a series of sectional In the drawings, A represents the frame or coils of which more or less are brought into platform of an electric locomotive or motorcircuit to simultaneously vary the circuit recar; but said frame may also be arranged in 0 sistanee and the power and counter electrothe form of a car-truck to receive a car-body.

motive force of the motor. B is the motor seen in Fig. 1, having a du- According to the present invention I am pleX field-magnet B and duplex armatures enabled to connect both motors in series or C C one for each field-magnet. In reality to connect them in multiple arc, and in either there are here shown two motors with their 5 relation to increase or decrease the number armatures on the same shaft, and I so refer of field-magnet coils in circuit with the armato them hereinafter, since the arrangement ture and thereby to control the power and illustrated in Fig. 3, where botharmatures speed of the apparatus through a more exhave a single field-magnet structure, is a full tended range. equivalent for all the purposes of this inven- 40 Viththe apparatus effecting the series multion. Both armatures are mounted upon a tiple changes in the circuit relation of the single shaft C, which is sustained in suitable 9o motors I also combine means arranged to bearings D D upon the frame A. The shaft open the circuit during the time in which the C carries two commutators D D each conchanges are being effected, and to diminish nected with the coils of one of the armatures.

45 the spark and consequent danger to the con- Adesirable form of gearingis that here shown,

tacts I arrange this device to open the circuit comprising driving-pinions d 61 upon the 9-: at a number of points simultaneously, and I shaft C, said pinions meshing with drivingalso embody arc-extinguishing means with gears E E upon a counter-shaft E, also supthe circuit-breaker, so that the circuit is ported in suitable bearings upon the frame A.

Two pairs of carryingwheels F G are carried in suitable spring-boxes also connected with the frame A, and power is t'ansmitted to the carrying-wheels through parallel rods H I, connected at their ends to crank-pins 72 "6 upon the carryingwheels and also at their central portions to crank-pins (1 upon the drivinggears E E Vith this construction the rotation of the armature-shaft will be communicated to the driving-gears and by them through crank-pins d d to the parallel rods and the carrying-wheels, This arrangement is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and i, the only dilference in Figs. 2 and 3 being that only a single field-magnet B is shown, both the armatures O being then operated by the same field of force. Furthermore, the single field-magnet B when that form is employed, will be so wound and connected that the same electrical conditions can be produced as with the form having two separate field-magnets.

The general structure of the switch mechanism is shown in Figs. and 6. Upon a suitable base J is mounted a vertical shaft K, which passes upward through a dial or plate L, which carries the contact-surfaces. The shaft K carries an arm M, provided with three sets of contact-brushes m m 072 adapted upon the rotation of the shaft K to engage the contactesurfaces upon the plate L. A suitable hand-crank 7.5 is connected with the shaft for imparting rotary movement thereto. The contact devices upon the plate L are divided into four equal sections-that is, where a single arm M is used. It will be understood, however, that the parts might be differently arranged yet still carry out the invention substantially as set forth, and any such modification would be within and covered by my claims.

In order to prevent excessive sparking and consequent wear of the parts upon the passage of the contact-brushes m from one division of the switch to another, I employ an electromagnetic arc-extinguisher composed of coils m m, preferably located below the plate L and sustained upon two iron rods m m, which form part of the support between the base J and plate L. These electromagnets are connected with circuit-conductors bridging the insulating sections. Pivoted contact-arms M M carry at their free extremities contact-brushes to make and break circuit with the terminals of the coils m m Near their circuit-breaking points are placed poles m on, extending from the cores m 112 A disk 0 is carried upon the shaft K.

The inner ends of the levers M M are provided with antifriction-rollers 0 0 which normally ride on the periphery of the disk 0, with the free ends of the levers in contact with the terminals of coils m at, closing the main circuit, which extends from said levers to the switch-contacts bridging the insulating-sections, as shown in Fig. 9. The periphery of disk 0 is notched to correspond with the insulating-sections between the divisions of the main contact switch or commutator, so that whenever the lever M is turned to a position where the circuits controlled thereby are opened the rollers O 0 will drop into corresponding notches upon the periphery of the disk 0, allowing the reactingsprings to pull the free ends of the levers M M away from the terminals of the magnetcoils and opening the circuit. This opening of the circuit will be accompanied by magnetic discharge from the said coils, which will extinguish the arcs which might otherwise be formed.

Figs. 7 and 9 show the dial L, with the cir euits and connections extending therefrom, including both sectional field-magnet circuits, and showing also the com mutators D D representing the armatures of the motor or 1110- tors.

The outer circumference of the dial L is provided with four sets of contacts 1 2 3 1- 5 Ga 7a, 1b 2b 3b it 5b b 7b, 10 3e pe 6e 7c, 1d 2 3 4c 5 6 7, arranged around its circumference and each set separated by insulatingsections Q It S T.

The field-magnets, as described in my aforesaid Patent No. 347,902, are provided with main and supplemental coils. The former are indicated as B 13", Fig. 9, while the latter, B B are wound or connected in sections corresponding in number with and connected to the terminals of the sets of contacts. Each field-magnet section is connected with corresponding contacts in two separate sets. For example, the sectional coils of the field-magnet 13 are divided into six sections, each connected with one of the insulated segments 1" to '7, and the same sections are connected also with the contacts 1 to 7. Similarly the sectional coils of the field-magnets B are divided into six sections connected with the segments 1 to 7 and 1 to 7 Concentric with the plate L are arranged a number of contact-strips n p p p a. The strips 11 a are both connected to the negative or return side of the circuit, and the strips 2) p p are connected with or are so arranged that they may be included inv circuit with the positive conductor. The negative brush of the commutator D is connected by conductor 3 with segment 7, representing the inner ter minal of the field-magnet coils B, the negative brush of the commutator D being similarly connected by conductor t with segment 7, representing the inner terminal of the field-magnet coils B The arm M is provided with metallic extremities, each carrying contact-brushes m 071 electrically connected by those portions of the arm on which each such pair of brushes is carried. Brushes m, at the extremities of arm M, engage the sectional contacts, and brushes m are in position to engage the strips an or 11, according to the position of the arm. A third set of brushes m is secured to the arm M in position to engage the concentric (inner) strips 17 7 which strips are electrically connected through the central metallic portion of the arm when engaged by said brushes. Those portions of the arm M between the set of brushes m and the brushes m are separated by insulating material 71 The main posi tive supply-conductor 1 is connected with the positive brush of the commutator D, and said conductor is connected by a branch conductor 5 with the strip 19 The main negative conductor 2 is connect-ed to the strip a, and said strip is connected by conductor [3 with the strip n. The positive brush of the commutator D is connected by conductor 8 with the strip 19, which is itself electrically connected with the strip p by conductor 9.

hen the contact-arm M is upon any two of the insulating-sections Q R S T, no current will flow in any of the circuits, since in these positions the contact-levers M M are in their retracted positions with their rollers in notches of the disk 0. On moving the arm M to contacts l 1 both motors are connected in series, including all the sectional fieldmagnet coils, the circuit being through conductor 1, armature D, conductor 3, segment 7 field-magnet coils B to segment 1, thence by arm M to strip 13, thence by conductor 8 through positive brush into commutator D and its armature, thence by brush N, conductor 4, segment 7 to and through all the field-magnet coils B thence to segment 1 through the other extremity of arm M to strip a, and thence to return conductor 2. As the arm M is moved toward segments '7 and 7 sections of the field-magnet coils are cut out, although all sections remaining are still in series relation.

\Vhen it is desired to change the motor system fronrseries to multiple-arc relation, the contact-arm is first moved into position upon the insulating-segments S T, when by further movement the motors will be connected in multiple arc. In the position indicated in dotted lines, Figs. 7 and 9, the current flows through conductor 1 and brush P to commutator D and its armature, thence by brush N, conductor 3, segment 7, such portion of the field-magnet coils B as may be in circuit between 7 and 4 thence through the outer end of arm M to negative strip 12, thence through negative strip n to the main return conductor 2. Simultaneously the main current will pass from the main conductor 1 by conductor 5 to strip 19 thence through the central metallic portion of the arm M to strip 19, thence by conductor 9 to strip 19, thence by conductor 8 to brush P of commutator D thence through brush N and conductor 4 to segment 7, thence through such sections of the field-magnet coils B as may be in circuit with the arm M, (indicated on segment 4 thence through the outer end of the arm M to the return strip 02, both motors being thus coupled in multiplearc relation across the supply-conductors 1 2.

With this construction it will be apparent that by a movement of the arm M upon the of the commutators D D plate L the motors may be connected simultaneously, first, with their armatures and all the sectional field-magnet coils in series, giving the maximum possible resistance, then that sections of the field-magnet coils may be cut out successively until all areout of circuit, when the motor-circuits will both be opened without destructive spark; second, that by continued movement of the arm the motors will be connected up in multiple arc with the field-coils of each machine still in series with its armature, thereby reducing the resistance of the motor-circuits and increasing the power and speed of the motors, after which the sectional field-magnet coils may be cut out successively, diminishing the resistance and increasing the speed until the last sectional coil is cut out, the circuits opened, and the arm M returned to its first position.

The width of the contact-brushes carried by the arm M, as indicated in Figs. 7 and 9, is such that the circuit relations of the motors in whichever direction the arm is travelin g are established during the time that the circuit is open at the circuit-breakers l\' M Obviously the parts heretofore described might be constructed or arranged somewhat diit'erently and without departing from the invention.

In order to control the direction of rotation of the motors, I provide a simple reversingswitch U of any well-known form, comprising two sets of double contacts V 1V, to which the main conductors are connected. The switch-contacts are controlled by a hand-lever and connection Y and can be thrown for either direction, as desired. Conductors 10, 11, 12, and 13 extend from the fixed terminals of their reversing-switch to the main brushes Conductors 1 S and a S from the circuit-controller are connected to the reversing-switches, so that the iiow of current through said commutators and their armatures is reversed without altering the flow of current through their field-magnets-that is to say, the motors are reversed by a single movement of the lever Y and connected parts, whether connected in multiple are or in series.

Various minor modifications may be made tric motors, of a switching device adapted to change the circuit relation of the motors, and means for opening the circuit during such changes at a number of circuit-breaking points in series and independent of the points or contacts where the circuit changes are made.

3. The combination of a system of electric motors or motor-circuits with a series of fixed and movable contacts for coupling the motorcircuits in different orders, and thereby regulating the power and speed of the driven mechanism, a separate set of fixed and movable contacts forming a number of circuitbreaking points in series, and a common unitary switch or controller mechanism with which both said series of contacts are so related that by a single handle or moving part the circuitchanging contacts and circuitbreaking contacts will be brought into operation in a predetermined consecutive order.

4. An electric motor having independent field and armature circuits, and means for varying the circuit relation therethrough in any desired order, in combination with a circuit-interrupting device provided with means for simultaneously interrupting the circuit at two or more independent points before each current change is effected and simultaneously restoring the circuit again after such change is effected.

5. An electric motor provided with two or more armature-circuits, two or more fieldmagnets, and a circuit-changing device for varying the current relations therethrough in any desired order, in combination with a circuit-breakin g device provided with means for interrupting the circuit at one or more points before each current change is effected, and for restoring the circuit connections after such change is effected.

6. The described method of effecting current changes to suit the requirements of a translating device which consists in first interrupting the current-supply at a number of independentpoints, then establishing the circuit changes through the translating device at independent points, and again restoring the current at the points where it is interrupted.

7. The described method of controlling an electric motor having two or more armaturecircuits and two or more field-magnets consisting in first interrupting the circuit, then effecting the desired change in the circuit relations of the aforesaid field and armature coils, and again reestablishing the circuit after these changes have been brought about.

8. An apparatus for controlling the application of electrical currents to a translating device, consisting of two sets of movable contacting parts and two sets of fixed contacts, one of which sets is connected to independent circuits for varying the current relation through independent parts of the translating device, and the other carried by and provided with means adapted to suddenly rupture the circuits, wherebythe current is first ruptured at several independent points and the circuit changes afterward effected through the translating device, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a system of electric motors comprising a number of armature-circuits, with a series of fixed and movable contacts for connecting the armature-circi'lits in series or multiple, a separate series of fixed and movable contacts affording a number of circuit-breaking points in series, and a single hand-controller mechanism with which both said series of contacts are so related that the circuit-changing contacts and circuit-breaking contacts are brought into operation in a predetermined consecutive order, and the arc incident to rupturing circuit connections largelyconfined to the series of circuit-breaking contacts.

10. The combination with a plurality of coacting electric motors, having their field-magnet coils provided with sectional contacts, a switch having a duplex set of exposed contacts, and connections between each field magnet section and two corresponding contacts upon the switch, a movable contact-arm adapted to be moved upon the switch-terminals to connect with the desired field-magnet sections of the several motors, and extended contact-surfaces insulated from the switchterminals, also engaging the movable part of the switch, and connections between the line conductors and the extended terminals, and between said extended terminals and the armature-circuits of the motors for connecting the circuits of said motors in series or in multiple arc with each other, as desired.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES J. VAN DEPOELE.

Witnesses:

FRANKLAND JANNUS, J OHN W. GIBBONEY.

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