US587874A - sloan - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) v 2 sheets-sheet -1.

E. D. SLOAN. BARREL FILTER.

No. 587,874. Patented Aug. 10,1897;V

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` be readily applied to or removed from the v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDVARD D. SLOAN, OF GILLETT, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR OF.ONEIIALF TO EDWIN N. HAVKINS, OF SAME PLACE.

BARREL-FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 587,874, dated August 10, 1897.

Application filed November 7, 1896, Serial No. 611,345. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD D. SLOAN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Gillett, in the county of El Paso and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Barrel-Filters for Use in the Filtration of Precious-Metal Solutions, as in the Ohlorination Process; and I do hereby declare that the following specification, taken in connection with the drawings furnished and forming a part of the same, is a clear, true, and complete description of my invention.

The object of my improvement is to provide a suitable filter-barrel with a durable and highly-effective filter at comparatively low cost. iVith a view to securing the de` sired ends the usual trunnioned iron barrel is lined with lead. The framing of the filterbed is composed wholly of suitable wood capable of fairly resisting the action of chlorin and acids and which may be filled with suitable matter to enable it to better resist the destructive action of the corrosive solutions. The filtering medium is composed lof material which resists the solutions, is well protected against undueA abrasion due to the action of the solid matter during the rotation of the barrel, and it has its filtering area supported to enable it to safely bear the overlying contents of the barrelA by an underlying floor of such metal as will practically resist the action of chlorin and sulfuric acid- 21s, for instance, a lead floor-and the latter is freely,

perforated to admit of the prompt discharge of the filtered liquid. The filtering-surfaces are J'iat, and hence the body of any woven filtering medium is maintained in a condition more favorable to the passage of the liquids than would be the case if it occupied a curved line and said surfaces were concave in conformity with the interior contour of the barrel. The framing of the iilter-bed involves inexpensive straight work as distinguished from the curved or segmental work in framing, which is made to conform to the interior of the barrel, as heretofore, andy the filterframing is constructed in parts which are s-o in-v terlocked'as to secure rigidity, but which in ay barrel by way of the usual manhole and without deranging the lead lining or the means by which the lining is clamped to the barrel.

My said improvements in their best form are illustratedk in the annexed drawings, in which- Figure l illustrates one of my barrel-filters partly in side View and partly in longitudinal central section. Fig. 2 illustrates the same in lateral section. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 illus- Y trate portions of the bed-framing, these be- 6o ing, respectively, one of the bed-beams, one of the longitudinal stringers, one of the lateral filter-Hoor supports, one of the gratingsections which overlies the filtering medium, g and one of the clamping or tie beams which overlie the grating. Fig. 8 illustrates, in top view, a portion of the perforated-metal ioor which underlies the filtering medium, Fig.

9 illustrates, in edge view, a filtering medium composed of lead wire. Fig. l0 illustrates 7ol properly-perforated sheet-lead which may be used as a filtering medium.

The barrel A is preferably from four to iive feet in diameter and from eight to ten feet long, (or much larger if desired,) andit is, as usual, an iron cylinder provided with trunnions a and mounted in a suitable frame and provided with gearing (not shown) by which rotative power may be applied. It has also the usual manhole a', one or more 8o induction pipes and cocks, as at a2, at which detachable pipe connections may be made for enabling liquid under pressure to be delivered to the barrel at its upper side when at rest, and one or more eduction pipes and cocks below the filter at a3 for the simultaneous discharge of the filtered solution by way of other detachable pipe connections. This barrel is, however, provided with a heavy lead lining b for protecting the iron from 9o acids, this lining being firmly clamped to the barrel at the two sides by a series of longitudinal wooden bars c c, rbc., which are secured by bolts c' c', rbc., which pass through the side of the barrel and have their nuts on the outer side. Each bolt is preferably covered with lead and its head is well housed within its bar by means of a mortise'wl1ich may be iilled withy suitable waxy cement,` A which, with the tightly-strained nuts, will roo guard against leakage adjacent to the bolts. These bars c are practically permanent and need never be loosened or disturbed, except when new ones are needed or for the renewal of the lead lining. The interior surfaces of the heads of the barrel are also protected with lead, the joints with the cylindrical lead being closed either by clamping flanged portions of the main lead lining between vthe lead-lined heads and the ends of the barrel or by fused lead in a manner ywell known. e

All of the nlter-bed framing is co mposed of wood, preferably hickory, and while such material is capable of long resisting the action of the acids, dac., it will be advisable to have the several parts first thoroughly dried and then immersed in linseed-oil or in a solution of waxy matter, such as paraiin, which will penetrate and fill the pores of the wood and contribute toits durability.l

Thet several bed-beams B are each straight on top, but their lower edges conform to the lead lining, although cut away to afford ports, as at d d (l, enabling free flowage of' liquid beneath them, and their top edges are mortised, as at d.

The, Several longitudinal stringers C are each in two straight pieces, end to end, mortised at their lower edges at d2 for receiving the bed-beams and registering with their inortises d', so that they interlock, and the stringers serve as space-blocks .for the bedbeams, and the latter in like manner for the stringers. rlhe Stringer-pieces are also mortised at their top edges, as at e, and at its outer end each stringer is beveled, as at f, to aord a clamping-seat for the ends of the filtering medium andl lead floor, as will be hereinafter described. A

The several filter-floor supports D. are each straight pieces, and each occupies its appropriate mortises e in the stringers C, and its ends are beveled in general conformity to the interiory surface of the barrel. surfaces of these supports and of the stringers are, ush, and their upper corners are beveled, so. as` to obviate undue contact with the oyerlying lead floor E.

The lead floor E is regularly perforated in zigzag rows, as shown` in Fig. y8, the holes being preferably from four to ive sixteenths of aninchin diameter and one-half inch from center tocenter, thus securing am ple support bythe lead,` and an extensive capacity for the discharge of thefiltered liquid from the filterfiooris in tight engagement with the lead liningofthebarrel, and at the ends its edges are bent downward upon the beveled seats f at the ends, of; the strin-gers C and into contact with the heads of the barrel.

Thefilter-cloth F in its best form is composed of finely-woven lead wire, Fig. 9, but thefabrie commercially known as asbestos cloth. and still other varieties of suitable sheeted material may be employed in connection with the lead floor and framing without departure from my invention.' The filtercloth islaid flatly on the perforated lead floor,

' Gr, which are angular-in cross-section and 0p- The 'top vbe passed through the manhole.

and it is larger than it,A so that at the sides the cloth may extend liberally upward against the liningy of the barrel and its ends extended downwardly over the bent euds'of the lead floor, and thence upwardly against the heads of the barrel, so that these ends may be firmly clamped by overlying lateral clamping-bars erate as wedges in responseto pressure applied at their upper surfaces. The filterlying flatly, maintains its normal filtering capacity instead of being compacted on top, as

i it would be if supported upon a curved bed.

' cloth, whether of woven lead-wire or asbestos,

Overlying the filter-cloth is a wooden'grat` ing H, constructed in eight sections or parts in l detachable pieces or of such dimensions that each section may be readily 'passed through the manhole of the barrel. Each section 'is composed of longitudinal slats spacedby appropriate cross-slats, affording intervening open spaces which are quite 'small in width, but long lengthwise of the barrel, so that dup ing the necessary rotation of thel barrel prior to the filtering operation the surface of the filtering-cloth is .not exposed to undue abra- Overlying the grating there are several lat i eral tie-bars I, appropriately spaced at` their ends by means of intervening space-blocksg, which are locked in place by keys g', occupying mortise-seats out laterally through the.'

tie-bars. Each tie-.bar at its ends has a lower bevel, which generally conforms to. the inte- Arior ofthe barrel, and also. an upperbevelk, t which isso shaped with reference to, the under surface of the adjacent permanently-bolted Vbar c as to afford a seat forawedge 11 so that by means of two of such wedges each tie-bnr 'iisV firmly clamped in position,l thus solidly binding all of the underlying parts together f and securing themagainst displacement dur-y ing the rotation of the barrel and closing the [portion of the barrel below thev lead against the passage of liquid from above except by percolation through theI filter-610th. ing medium F. Alon g the'side edges the lead It will be seen that after the removal of the each tie-bar l may be swung away fromV heneath the permanently-fixed bars o c, thus Vproviding for the ready renewal of any or all @of the parts if need be, each ofv said parts being of such dimensions that it may be readilyt passed through the manhole. e may be in any desired number of pieces., but

if in one piece and coiled widthwise it may Although the several fixed bars c serve as permanent binders for the lead lining of the barrel, they also serve as wedging-abutments with rela,-

The lead floor" 1.05 IVIO? tion to the entire filter-bed, and hence should no lining be employed the same or any other form of fixed abutinent could be relied upon.

The ilat arrangement of the filter and its bed, as compared With the usual concave arrangement, is more conducive to effective tumbling of the contents of the barrel during its rotation preparatory to filtering, and, if desired, a second filter-bed may be employed in the same barrel, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2, in which case While either filter is in service the other may have its cloth Well cleared by the induction of Water by Way of its pipe connection simultaneously with the induction at the regular top connection at a2 during the discharge from the filter then in service. Two of such beds in one barrel would occupyconsiderable space, but any desirable charging-space would only involve the use of a barrel of suitable dimensions.

A Woven-lead fabric is believed to be a novel filtering medium in this connection,

and while the best of results will accrue from Y its use the asbestos cloth is a valuable substitute therefor; but quite desirable -results Will accrue from the use of properly-perforated sheet-lead, as illustrated in Fig. l0. The lead for this purpose should Weigh about four pounds to the square foot and be closely perforated, the holes being from one-sixteenth to one thirty-second of an inch in diameter on top of the sheet and larger'at the under side, as shown, and spaced about oneeighth of an inch from center to center. This perforated sheet lying flatly upon the lead tloor is Well supported, and the intervening space being very slight permits the passage of liquid, While arresting the passage of such solid matter as might pass through the small periterations.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- Y 1. In a barrel-filter, the combination With a suitable barrel or cylinder, of a'flat perfo- 45 rated tloor, a sheeted filtering medium tlatly laid thereon, a Wooden framing for said floor,

composed of lateral and longitudinal parts spaced and united by appropriate mortising,

a grating overlying the filtering medium, a 5o series of lateral tie-bars on said grating, abutments at the sides of the interior of the barrel overlying the ends of the tie-bars, and Wedges which are tightly interposed between said abutments and tie-bars and firmly lock all of the parts of the filter and its framing in position with relation to each other and to the barrel, substantially as described.

2. In combination with a suitable barrel or cylinder, a fiat perforated lead Hoor, a fram- 6o ing beneath said floor aording a firm support as Well as suitable space below for the passage of filtered liquid, a suitable sheeted filtering medium flatly laid on said floor and beyond its sides and ends, and a grating adapted to be firmly clamped for conning the filtering medium upon the floor, and binding its edges against the interior sides of the barrel, and lateral Wedge-bars, which are actuated by the pressure of the grating and 7o bind the ends of said filtering medium against the interior ends of the barrel, substantially as described". y

V3. In a barrel-filter, the combination with a suitable bed or support and a perforated

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