US581570A

US581570A - Type-writing machine

Info

Publication number: US581570A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1897-04-27
Anticipated expiration: 1914-04-27

Description

3 Sheets--Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

G. K. ANDERSON. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 581,570. Patented Apr. 27-, 1897.

WITNESSES (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. G K. ANDERSON TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 581,570. Patented Apr. 27, 1897.

WITNESSES.-

1 uns co. wovcuwo. wnsmmcmm a c (No Model.) u s- G. K. ANDERSON. 3Sheet Sheet3 TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 581,570. Patented Apr. 27, 1897.

V N V R v l 0 M II i v M r W I l m N m WITNESSES:

'rarEs UnirEn GEORGE KERR ANDERSON, OF BROOKLYN, NEXV YORK.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 581,570, dated April 27, 1897. Application filed January 12, 1897. Serial No. 618,947. (No model.)

To (all who/7t it nu/1y concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE KERR ANDER- SON, a citizen of the United States, residing in Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to type-writing in achines, and more particularly to that class in which the characters are printed transversely across a continuous strip of paper, and is designed primarily for shorthand-work, though capable of being used for other purposes.

The object of my invention is to provide an efficient device of simple construction and operation adapted to rapidly recording speechin the ordinary letters and characters of the alphabetand withoutresorttoanycode of cipher combinations, so that the work may be legible to any one without previous study. In f u rtherance of this object I have provided improved means for feeding the paper and ink-ribbon through the machine in the operation thereof; an improved arrangement of the printingcharacters, in groups and otherwise, with reference to each other and with reference to the key-bars; improvements in hanging and shifting groups of printing-characters in machines of this nature 3 an improved arrangement of the key-buttons and of the letters thereon, and various minor improvements which are fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of my type-writing machine, natural size, the left-hand shift-key B being broken away to permit the figure to go on the sheet. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail plan view of the printing mechanism. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. i is a rear view. Fig. 5 is a detail section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detail section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a detail of the type-segments or type-carrying frames E, E, and E Fig. 8 is detail section taken on the line 8 8 of Fig.

Fig. 9 is a detail of the feeding-frame. A indicates the base-frame, which is provided with'the upwardly-directed side plates A and with curved or segmental plates A in which are transverse slots through which the key-bars for the printingkeys B pass and by which they are held in proper alineinent. 'lhese printing-bars, preferably sixteen in nu m her, are pivotally connected with a curved rod 1), which preferably passes through all of the bars, and under each of the bars is a spiral spring 0 (shown plainly in Fig. 3,) which operates to force the key end of said bars upwardly and cause the rear or printing ends thereof to rest-on the frame A or a suitable pad in provided for themQ The rear ends of these printing-key bars are flattened, so as to present a flat surface to the face of the type, and these flattened ends are substantially in a straight line and at equal distances apart, each bar being located directly beneath one of the type or rows of type on the type segments or frames E E so that by revolving the segment on its shaft anyone of the letters in the line above the bar may be brought into position for printing, as hereinafter described.

At each side ofthe curved plate A are the raised elongations A, similarly provided with slots for the four shift-keys B B B B As the rear ends of these shift-keys are always more elevated than the ends of the printingkeys, the surfaces of the elongations A are correspondingly higher than the plate A and preferably both plate and elongations are provided with curved flanges through which the slots pass to form additional guides for the keys and are all cast in one solid piece with the base-frame A, though it will be understood that both plate and blocks might be dispensed with and each key-bar held in an independent holder or fastened in any other suitable manner without departing from the spirit of thisinveution. It isimportant, however, that the pivotal points of the shift-keys B B B B be on a higher plane than the pivotal points of the printing-keys B, for if the shift-keys are curved upward at the ends where they strike the arms of the type-segments a slight side play of the key in its slot will vary the movement it gives to the typesegment,'and thus throw the letters out of line.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be noticed that the arrangement of the keybuttons O of the printing-keys and G of the shift-keys permits all the keys to be operated conveniently at=the same time without changing the position of the hands above the keyboard, and this is an important feature of my invention.

The keys to the left of the line 3 3 would be operated by the left hand and those to the right of said line by the right hand. The thumb of the right hand would operate either or both of the keys marked 2 U A and 3 I WV, respectively; theindex-finger would operate either or both of the keys lettered 4 L V and 5 K R,respectively; the next finger keys lettered, respectively, 6 M N ant 7 F D, the next finger keys lettered, respectively, 8 T S and 9 S T, the little finger would operate the single shift-key marked VOVS LINE 2, and the outer portion of the palm of the right hand would operate the single shift-key marked OONS LINE 2. The left hand is similarly placed with reference to the keys on that side of the keyboard. It will be observed that this arrangement of the keyboard is adapted to the natural movements of the hand. The palm of the hand could not well be shifted from one keyto another, and is therefore assigned but one. The little finger does not shift easily, and is therefore given but one key. The thumb moves from side to side more readily than back and forth, and its keys are therefore placed side by side. The other three fingers move back and forth more readily than from side to side, and the keys for them are located accordingly, each pair of keys impinging (but not coming in actual contact) so that both may be simultaneously depressed by putting the fingers where they come almost together.

In lettering the six pairs offinger-keys it will be noticed that the line of key-buttons farthest from the operator have the letters or characters on the left-hand side of each key, while on the lower line of keys the letters or characters are on the right-hand side of each key. It will also be noticed that the key-bar connected with each key on the lower line is to the right of or following each key on the upper line, and this arrangement of letters on the left of the upper key-buttons and the right of the lower key-buttons is for thepurpose of indicating to the eye of the operator that each key on the nearer (or lower) line prints to the right of each corresponding key just beyond (or above) it--in other words, that the key lettered Q M P T prints immediately to the right of the key lettered S S S S, &c.

D indicates the shaft on which the typesegments or typeframes EE E are mounted.

This shaft passes loosely through the uprights A at each side of the machine, or preferably through the sleeves D in said upright pieces, and on the left-hand side of the machine the shaft is bent to form a finger-piece, such as D while a coiled spring D causes this bent end of the shaft to bear ordinarily against the stop-pin d unless it is moved in the operation of the shift-key B or is pressed down by the finger against a similar stop-pin the respective printing-keys B.

The center type-frame E, being secured to the shaft D, is held in its normal position by the coiled spring D which causes the fingerpiece D to bear upwardly against the stoppin 01 and if the machine is built accurately will also cause the typeframe E to bear against the common stop-rod f, though this is not necessary. When the three type-frames E, E, and E are in their normal position against the stop-rod f, the characters shown on the top line of the three type-frames in Fig. 7 would be directly above the flat ends of the printing-key bars B, sixteen in number, one letter facing each bar, so that if the machine were supplied with paper and ribbon and the sixteen printin g-keys were struck simultaneously the following letters would be printed across the strip of paper: STD\V OHREAVVVRNDST. It will be noticed that these letters appear as the first character in each line or column on the key-buttons C of To print the letters appearing above them in the various columns, one or more of the shift-keys are used. When the shift-key B is struck, the outer end travels upwardly until it reaches the shaft D, (or its sleeve) which acts as a stop, and in rising the shift-key bears against the arm 9 of the type-frame E, raising it also and revolving the frame until the second longitudinal line of type is brought opposite the flat ends of the printing-keys B. Hence if the sixteen printing-keys B were struck simultaneously with the shift-key B the following letters would be printed across the strip of paper: SPBFGLREAWVRNDST.

The letters in the third longitudinal line on type-frame E are shifted to the printing-point by depressing the shift-key B simultaneously with the printing-keys located beneath and opposite the transverse lines of type on frame E, or such of them as the operator wishes to employ; but in this case I use as a stop the flat piece m, made of steel or other suitable material and journaled in the slotted rod Z, which is fastened in the frame A of the machine by a set-screw Z or otherwise. The movable stop on is hung just above the outer ends of the two shift-keys B and B and swings freely in its slot, so that normally the lower angle of it, on, will rest against the upper edge of the shift-key B but the lower edge of the piece 112 is formed at such an angle that the rising of the shift-key B will swing the stop m to the right and away from the shiftkey B. Just above the shift-key B the swinging stop m has a notch or recess of, adapted to receive the shift key B and check its upward movement before it reaches the stop-pin f This notch m is so located'that it will stop the shift-key B as soon as said shift-key has raised the arm g of the typeframe E sufficiently to bring the third longitudinal line of letters to the printing-point, but when both shift-keys B and B are struck simultaneously the shift-key B swings the notch m of the stop m out of the path of shiftkey B and allows it to pass (11 to the stop-rod f thereby raisin g the arm 9 of the type-frame E sufficiently to bring the fourth longitudinal line of characters to the proper printingpoint. The coiled spring D also causes the typeframe E to return to its normal position against the stop-rod f as soon as the shiftkey is released.

To bring the second line of characters 011 type-frame E to the proper printing-point, the shift-key B' on the right-hand side of the machine is struck, raising the arm 9 until the upward movement of the shift-key is checked by the stop-pinf The shift-key 13*, which operates the center type-frame, does not come directly into contact with the fr me E itself, but operates against a projecting portion 9 of the collar g, which, like the center type-frame E, is sccured to the shaft D by a setscrew or otherwise, so that when a pressure on the shift-key 13 turns the collar g" until the upward move ment of the shift-key is checked by the stoppin f the shaft D and the type-frame E also revolve until the second longitudinal line of characters on the typeframe E, namely, OUI, are brought to the proper printingpoint. The coiled spring D operates the type-frame E and the coiled spring D operates the shaft D and thereby the type-frame E in a manner similar to the operation of the coiled spring D, already described.

To make numerals, the crank end I), letterec FIGS, of the shaft D is depressed until it reaches the stop d, which will bring the numerals on the type frame E to the proper printing-point. It will be noticed by reference to Fig. 7 that the three lines of characters on type-frame E occupy the space of four lines, one intermediate line between the letters and numerals being left blank; also, Fig. 5, that the arm g of the type-frame E curves and passes above the pin g of collar g". Now when the typeframes are all in their normal position resting against the stoprodf the space between the pin in the collar g and the arm g above said pin will correspond to the movement required at this point for shifting one line of type, thus allowing the pin in the collar 9 to be raised sufficiently to bring the second line of type on the frame E into proper printing position without disturbing the arm g at which time the row of numerals on frame E is in line with the row of numerals on frame E Now if the pin g" in the collar 9* is moved any farther it carries the arm g of the type-frame E with it, so that the depression of the crank or finger-piece D type-frames E simultaneously and bring the numerof the shaft D will move both and E als on both type-fran1es E and E to the proper printing-point.

My object in leaving a blank space on typeframe E equal to one line and no more (aside from the need of allowing the two rows on letters on type-frames E and E respectively, to have room for shifting without the movement of one frame changing the position of the other) was that the arm 9 of the typeframe E might act as a stop to check the further movement of the type-frame E when it had been swung into position for the second line of letters by means of the shift-key B the arm 9 thus supplementing the coiled spring D in checking the type-frame E at the proper printing-point for the second line of letters.

Oarryin g out the idea of providing supplemental stops to offset the momentum of the type-fra mes and prevent their flying past the proper printing-poin ts I use the coiled spring f which fits loosely around the shaft D, one end resting on the stop'rod f and the other end extending forward, so as to strike the edge of the type-frame E as soon as it has been swung upwardly far enough to bring the second line of type to the proper printingpoint. Similar devices may be used in connection with the type-frame E. The slots for the shift-keys are all made shallow, so that these bars B, B B and B may rest on the bottoms of their respective slots.

In a machine of this nature, which is worthless unless it can be manipulated more rapidly than the ordinary type-writer, the grouping and arrangement of the printing-characters is of the utmost importance, because the speed of the instrument depends very largely upon the smallness of the total number of keys and the largeness of the total number of letters that can be printed at a single stroke. The object of this invention is to provide means whereby an ordinary word can be printed in letters legible to any one at one stroke or motion of the hands, though for some words two or even more strokes are required. To attain this object, I first provide three groups of characters, one

group containing a complete consonant al phabet, another group containing a vowel al phabet, and a third group containing terminal consonants of frequent occurrence. 1 next put each group of characters on a separate type-frame and arrange them in trans verse and longitudinal lines, as shown in Fig. 7, each transverse line being directly above the end of a printing-key bar, as clearly shown in Fig. 8, so that as the type-frame is moved or swung around any letter in a transverse line may be printed by striking the key-bar beneath it; and by this arrangement one printing-key is sufficient for all the letters in one transverse row. In the same way I cut down the number of shift-keys needed by placing the letters also in longitudinal rows, as one shift-key is obviously sufficientto shift all the letters in one longitudinal row on one of the type-frames, and the grouping of the characters in the manner stated and assigning each group to an independent type-frame enables all the letters in a longitudinal line on one of the type-frames to be printed in line and simultaneously with all the letters in any longitudinal line on either of the other type-frames. The letters in the longitudinal lines on the different type-frames are arranged with reference to each other in the order in which they usually occur in spelling words. Thus the first line on type-frame E reads STDWVCHR, which furnishes the combinations ST, SWV, SCI-I, SO, ((SIQI, C SI IR77 ("I\\V,7 KTIIH CCTLIR, u DR, (:VVII, HVV'R, c: OIL CHR, and STE, which so frequently occur in words.

The shift-keys, being designed to operate simultaneously with the printing-keys, are fulcrumed so as to give them a much shorter stroke than the latter, the purpose being to have the type-frames shift and come to a stop before the printing-keys reach them.

To feed the strip of paper through the machine, I provide the feeding-frame H, (shown in Figs. 3 and 4,) which consists of a straight piece of steel or other suitable material placed across and above the outer ends of the printin g-key bars and having arms extending to the front part of the side plates A and pivotally mounted between said side plates and about midway between the shift-keys and the printing-keys on the rod '5, which extends through the side plates A and around which rod is a coiled spring 2' one end of which passes through one of the side plates A and the other end of which bears upon the feeding-frame H, as clearly shown in Fig. 9, and constantly presses it downward upon the ends of the printing-keys. The arms of the feeding-frame H are connected near the ends through which the pivot rod 7; passes by the rod 71 for the purpose of stiffening the frame, the rod t" being riveted at each end to the arms of the feeding-frame. The feeding-frame H is also Provided at its outer end with the roller 1, journaled in the arms of the frame "F, and ,which should be of suflieient diameter to bring its surface a little lower than the edge of the feeding-frame itself, so that as the rear portion of the feeding-frame is pressed down ward by the spring i as just described, the roller 1 will bear upon the ends of the print-v ing-keys. The roller I should be located very close to the edge of the feeding-frame H, so as to leave only a narrow slot or opening t between them just wide enough to allow the strip of paper to pass freely through it. In fact, a narrow slot or opening made at this point by any means would be sufiicient to make the feeding device effective, but a roller is preferable, because it lessens the friction. Just a little above the roller I and parallel to it is the flat cross-bar 61, each end of which fits into a vertical slot 01 in the side plates A and a little to the rear of this flat crossbar is the rod 0, loosely journaled in the side plates A the central portion of which is bent so as to cause it to project, or it may be left straight and a projection formed by putting on the rod a piece of rubber or any other suitable substance, and this yoke or projection c of the rod 0, by the action of the coiled spring 0-, is made to press downwardly against the cross-bar (i, so that if a strip of paper or similar material be passed upwardly between the two, the projection c of rod 0 and the crossbar (1, it will push them apart, but if drawn downwardly it will have a tendency to pull them closer together, and by thus wedging itself in between them check any further downward movement. This device, comprising fiat bar (1 and rod 0, constitutes a paper-grip.

WVhen the machine is ready for use, an ordinary type-writer ribbon H of suitable width is attached to and wound around the ribbonreels F and G alternately, and in passing from one to the other runs beneath the rod 1' of the feeding-frame H, beneath the typeframes E, E, and E and through the guidewire 6, attached to the cross-bar d, as shown in Fig. 3. The. end of each ribbon-reel F and G is provided with a pulley a a as shown in the drawings. The roll of paper J, having preferably a wooden core J, is mounted on the hollow spindle K, which is held in position by the support a, as shown clearly in Fig. 3, this supporting-rod at having a rectangular bend at its upper end, so that it may pass loosely through the spindle K. The supporting-rod a at its lower end passes through the frame of the machine A and is held in an upright position by means of a clamp and thumb-n u t a as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The roll of paper should fit tightly upon the spindle K, so that as the paper is drawn forward through the machine the spindle will revolve as the roll J revolves, and by passing an elastic belt at around the end of the spindle K and one of the ribbon-reel pulleys a as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the movement of the paper J turning the spindle K will produce a corresponding movement in the ribbon-reel and cause the ribbon to wind upon whichever reel the elastic belt a connects with, and then when nearly all the ribbon has been wound upon one reel it maybe reversed and caused to wind back upon the other reel by simply changing the elastic belt a from pulley a of ribbon-reel F to pulley a of ribbon-reel G, or vice versa.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The paper J is mounted on the spindle K and the end of the strip passed through the paperguide j, thence under the ink-ribbon H, under the pivot-wire i of the feeding-frame H, also under the roller I of said frame, and up through the slot or narrow opening between said roll and the outer edge of the frame H, and farther up between the flat cross-bar cl and the rod 0, a portion 0 of which presses against the cross-bar d in sucha way as to XCO form a clutch and prevent the downward movement of the paper between the rod 0 and the bar d, as already described. When one or more of the printing-keys O are struck, the flat outer ends of the printing-bars B will rise until they strike one or more of the type frames E E E and as they rise will force upward the outer end of the feeding-frame II, and the strip of paper J, being held fast between the roller I and the baror bars 13 and kept in an upright position by the proximity of the frame II, is also forced upward between the yoke c of spring-operated rod 0 and the cross-piece d, the upward movement of the paper having a tendency to push the projecting portion 0 of the rod 0 away from the cross-piece (Z, and thus allow the paper to pass more easily. \Vhen the fingers are removed from the finger-pieces O, the fiat ends of the bars 13 drop down to their normal position and the spring on the feeding-frame II forces that down also; but as soon as the strip of paper that is between the rod 0 and the cross-piece (Z begins to descend it draws the yoke c of the rod 0 down more tightly against the cross-piece d, and thus the downward movement of the paper is prevented, and the roller I of the feeding-frame II, still pressing on the strip of paper, causes enough of it to unwind from the block J to allow the feedingframe to descend to its normal position on the bars B, thus presenting a fresh surface for printing upon. I

The type-carrying frame E has the following letters:

The type-carrying frame E has the following:

EAIV (formed without use of any shift-key.)

OUI (use shift-key B 123 (hold down finger-piece D before striking the printing-keys B.)

The type-carrying frame E has the follow ing:

VRNDST (formed without use of any shiftkey.) LKMFTS (use shiftkey B 456789 (hold down finger-piece D before striking keys B.)

In writing the shift-keys and printing-keys are struck simultaneously, and as many letters as possible, usually an entire word, nn necessary letters being omitted, should be printed at one stroke, when the machine will automatically move the paper to the next line in the manner already stated. The sentence He who runs can read would appear as follows on the strip:

II E W H O R U N S C A N REA D I claim as new and wish to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a type-writing machine, two lines of key-buttons arranged one in front of the other, one row having its letters on the left side of the buttons, the other on the right side, to indicate the order in which the corresponding letters will be printed when the keys are struck.

2. In a type-writi ng machine a series of keys arranged to print side by side and having their corresponding key-buttons arranged in lines one behind the other and lettered to the left or right of the center of the button.

In a type-writin g machine a series of keys arranged so as to print side by side simultaneously and having their key-buttons arranged in pairs, one pair for each thumb or finger, and the pairs in curved lines corresponding to the positions of the fingers and thumbs in the act of striking, in combination with shift-keys adapted to operate simultaneously with any printing-key.

i. In a type-writing machine a series of keys arranged so as to print simultaneously and having their key-buttons arranged in pairs in close proximity, one pair for each of the thumbs, arranged side by side, and other pairs for the fingers arranged one behind the other, the several pairs so grouped as to conform to the natural position of the hand in the act of striking the keys, in combination with shift-keys adapted to operate simultaneously with any printing-key.

5. In a type-writin g machine, a plurality of shift-keys and a plurality of printing-keys adapted to act simultaneously with and independently of each other, the shift-keys being fulcru med on a higher plane than the printing -keys, so as to afford a substantially straight shift-key.

6. In a type-writing machine, a plurality of shift-keys and a plurality of printing-keys adapted to act simultaneously with and independently of each other, the shift-keys being fulcrum ed so as to have a shorter stroke than the printing-keys.

7. In a type-writin g machine a series of printingkeys arranged in two fields, one for each hand, in combination with a plurality of shift-keys adapted to be operated by a single hand simultaneously with any printing-key of one of the fields.

8. In a type-writing machine, a plurality of shift-keys in combination with a movable stop, one of the shift-keys having its movement limited by said stop; the second shiftkey being adapted to move the stop out of the IIO path of the first, so that the simultaneous depression of both keys permits one of them to travel farther than when struck alone.

9. In a type-writing machine, a plurality of shift-keys, a movable type-carrying frame and a movable stop for the shift-keys having the lower angle m and so arranged that the simultaneous depression of both keys will move the type-frame to a different point from that to which it would be moved by the depression of either key singly.

10. In a type-writing machine, a series of key-bars having their rear ends arranged side by .side, a springoperated feeding frame adapted to press the paper down upon the ends of said bars andgrip it, and having a transverse opening at the rear to permit the upward passage of the paper, in combination with a paper-grip above said opening to pre vent the backward movement of the paper after it has been pushed through said papergrip.

11. In a type-writing machine, a series of key-bars arranged side by side and a springoperated feeding-frame provided with a roller adapted to press the paper against the ends of said bars.

12. In a type-writing machine, a springoperated feeding-frame provided with a transverse slot or opening, in combination with a paper-grip located above said slot and adapted to permit the passage of the paper away from the feeding-frame and check its movement in the opposite direction.

13. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a plurality of key-bars and a typecarrying frame mounted above the ends of said key-bars on a shaft at one end of which is a crank or handle adapted to turn the shaft and swing the type-frame out of its normal position.

14. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a plurality of key-bars and a typecarrying frame mounted above said key-bars on a shaft whose movement governs the movement of the type-frame, and at one or both ends of which shaft is a lettered crank or finger-piece.

15. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a plurality of key-bars and a typecarrying frame suitably supported above the ends of said bars (or some of them) and having characters arranged thereon in transverse and longitudinal lines, one longitudinal line being separated from the rest by a blank space substantially equal to that occupied by one line of characters.

16. In a type-writing machine, a plurality of key-bars and a plurality of type-carrying frames mounted on a shaft above said keybars, one of said type-frames being fixed to the shaft and moving with it, in combination with a shift-key adapted to move the typeframe by moving the shaft.

17. In a type-Writing machine, a swinging type-frame provided with an arm or projection at its side, in combination with a shiftkey adapted to operate directly against said arm and shift the type.

18. In a type-writing machine the combination of a plurality of key-bars and a plurality of type-carrying frames mounted on a shaft above said key-bars, one of said type-frames being provided with a stop-pin so adjusted that when the frame is moved beyond a certain point, it will carry the other frame with it.

19. In a type-writing machine the combination of a plurality of type carrying frames having arms or pins for the shift-keys to act upon, the arm of one type-frame being so arranged that it will act as a stop to check the movement of another.

20. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a plurality of key-bars the rear ends of which are provided with a fiat surface and a type-carryin g frame mounted above the ends of said bars and adapted to move the type backward and forward, the key-bars being adapted to strike against the type.

2l. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a plurality of key-bars the rear ends of which rest side by side and a type-carrying frame located above the rear ends of said key-bars, provided with type located opposite the ends of the respective bars and adapted to be struck thereby, said type-frame being adapted to move the type backward and forward above said bars.

22. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a suitable main frame provided with suitable key-bars and keys, of three swinging type-frames, the central frame being provided with. vowels and the side frames being provided with consonants, said vowels and consonants being arranged in longitudinal and transverse rows on each of the three frames, and means for shifting said frame so that a given longitudinal row of conson ants maybe brought into line with a given longitudinal row of vowels and means to print any number of selected characters in the longitudinal row of each frame.

23. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a plurality of keys and key-bars, of a plurality of movable type-frames, each of said frames being provided with letters or characters arranged in both longitudinal and transverse rows,'and means for printing any number of selected characters in one longitudinal row simultaneously with any number of selected characters in any other longitudinal row.

24. The combination in a type-writing machine provided with a plurality of keys and key-bars, of a movable type-frame provided with a general alphabet of consonants arranged in a plurality of longitudinal and transverse rows; anothermovable type-frame provided with frequently-used terminal consonants similarly arranged, and a third movable type-frame located between the other type-frames and provided with a plurality of rows of vowels, and means for shifting said frames so that a given longitudinal row of iOC consonants may be brought into line with a given longitudinal row of vowels and means to print any number of selected characters in the longitudinal row of each frame.

25. In a type-writing machine, the hereindescribed arrangement of letters or characters, which consists in separating the conson ants from the vowels and putting a general consonant alphabet all on one frame; the vowels on another frame and the terminal consonants on a third frame, so that one shift-key can move an entire group of letters; said type-frames having separate shift-keys provided for each so that all may be moved simultaneously and independently of each other, and means to print any number of selected characters in any longitudinal row of any type-frame.

26. The herein-described arrangement of letters or characters in a type-writing ma chine, which consists in placing a group of vowels on one frame and a group of consonants in a plurality of transverse and longitudinal rows on another movable frame, and means for shifting said movable frame and means to print any character in either of the rows of consonants thereon in the same line and at the same time with any of the vowels, substantially as shown and described.

27. In a type-writing machine provided with a plurality of type-frames, a movable type-frame having characters arranged in both transverse and longitudinal rows thereon, in combination with keys adapted to print simultaneously any number of selected characters in any longitudinal row.

28. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a plurality of key-bars provided at their rear ends with a flat surface, of a type-frame provided with suitable letters or characters and mounted on a shaft which extends transversely above the flattened ends of said bars 5 the type on the frame being located to correspond to the flattened ends of the bars, and the type-frame being adapted to swing backward and forward, as described.

29. The combination in a type-writer, of a main frame, a plurality of key-bars, a plurality of type-frames provided with letters or characters which are arranged in a plurality of both longitudinal and transverse lines thereon, and means for shifting said typeframes and means to print any number of selected letters or characters in one of the rows on any type-frame simultaneously with any of the letters or characters in one of the rows on any other typeframe.

30. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a suitable main frame, of a plurality of type-frames provided with suitable letters or characters, a series of printingkeys converging towarda common center and the ends of which are arranged side by side beneath said type-frames and are adapted to strike against said letters or characters, and a plurality of shift-keys to move said typeframes.

31. The combination, in atype-writing machine, of a plurality of printing-key bars e011- verging toward a common center and the rear ends of which are arranged side by side beneath the type-frames, and a plurality of swinging type-frames operated by shiftkeys arranged at each side of the printing-keys and adapted to be struck simultaneously therewith. I

32. The combination in a type-writing machine, of a plurality of key-bars, a frame pivotally supported above and adjacent to one end of said key-bars and one side of which is adapted to bear thereon when the bars are raised and press the paper down upon the bars, and a friction paper-grip above said frame adapted to allow the paper to pass through when the frame is raised but pre vent its backward movement when the frame descends.

33. The combination in a type-writingmachine provided with a plurality of keydoars, of a spring-operated paper-feeding frame, pivotally supported above and adjacent to the rear ends of said key-bars and one side of which is adapted to bear thereon when the bars are raised, and a paper-grip located above said frame adapted to allow the paper to pass through when the frame is raised and prevent its downward movement when the frame descends.

34. The combination in a type-writing machine, of a suitable main frame, a plurality of key-bars mounted therein, a type'carrying frame supported above the rear ends of said key-bars, and a swinging paper-feeding frame pivotally supported between the said keybars and the type-carrying frame and one side of which is adapted to press the paper down against the key-bars and prevent the paper slipping while being shoved upward by the raising of the bars.

35. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a suitable main frame, of a plurality of keys and keybars, a roll of paper mounted in said frame, a paper-feedin g frame provided with a transverse slot or opening through which the paper is passed, and pivotally mounted above the ends of said keybars and the rear end of which is adapted to rest thereon and clamp the paper when the bars are raised, and a type-frame mounted above said feeding-frame, and a shaft which is adapted to support a ribbon which is adapted to be fed beneath said type-frame, said roll of paper being adapted to be fed beneath said feeding-frame and said type-frame, substantially as shown and described.

36. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a suitable main frame, of a plurality of keys and key-bars means for mounting a roll of paper; a paper-feeding frame pivotally mounted above the ends of said key-bars and the rear end of which is adapted to bear thereon and clamp the paper, and type-frames mounted above said feedingframe, said roll of paper being adapted to be fed beneath said feeding-frame and through a paper-grip adapted to prevent its backward movement.

37. In a type-writing machine the combination with a main frame provided at its rear end with vertical side plates and at its front end with curved or segmental flanges, of a plurality of key-bars pivotally supported between said flanges and in vertical grooves or recesses formed therein, a spring-operated paper-feeding frame mounted between said side plates, the rear end of which is adapted to bear upon the rear ends of said key-bars, and spring operated type -frames suitably supported above said feeding-frame and suspended therethrough said type-frames being provided with the necessary type, substantially as shown and described.

38. In a type-writing machine provided at its rear end with vertical side plates and at its front end with curved or segmental flanges, a plurality of key-bars pivotally supported between said flanges and in vertical grooves or recesses formed therein, a spring-operated paper-feeding frame mounted between said side plates and the rear end of which is adapted to bear upon the rear ends of said key-bars, and spring operated type-frames suitably supported above said feeding-frame and suspended therethrough, said typeframes being provided with necessary type and said main frame being also provided with means for supporting an ink-ribbon and for feeding the same beneath said type-frames, and also with means for supporting a roll of paper and for feeding the same beneath said ink-ribbon and said type-frames, substantially as shown and described.

39. In a type-writing machine the combination of a plurality of key-bars, a paper-feeding frame pivotally supported above and adjacent to the rear ends of said key-bars and adapted to bear thereon when the bars are raised, and a device to prevent the backward movement of the paper after it has been fed forward by said frame, consisting of a transverse plate supported just above the ends of said key-bars and a spring-operated rod adjacent thereto and provided with a yoke adapted to bear thereon, substantially as shown and described.

40. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a plurality of key-bars, a paper-feeding frame pivotally supported above and adjacent to the rear ends of said key-bars and adapted to bear thereon, and a device to prevent the backward movement of the paper after it has been fed forward by said frame, consisting of a transverse plate supported just above the ends of said key-bars and a springoperated rod adjacent thereto and adapted to operate in connection therewith, substantially as shown and described.

41. The combination in a type-writer, of a suitable main frame, a plurality of key-bars and a plurality of type-frames provided with letters or characters which are arranged in different longitudinal and transverse rows thereon, and means for shifting said typeframes so that the letters or characters in either of the longitudinal rows thereon may be printed, consisting of keys and corresponding key-bars arranged at the side of the frame of the machine and adapted to operate in connection with arms which are connected with the type-frames, and said key-bars being provided with keys, the number of key-bars being equal to the number of the transverse rows of type on the type-frames, substantially as shown and described.

42. The combination in a type-writer, of a suitable main frame, a plurality of key-bars and a plurality of type-frames with letters or characters arranged in both transverse and longitudinal rows thereon ,so that the letters or characters in either of the longitudinal rows on one frame may be printed in line with the letters or characters in either of the longitudinal rows on any other frame by simultaneously depressing the proper printing-keys and shift-keys; the printing-keys having their key-buttons arranged in pairs and the pairs located to conform to the position of the hands in the act of striking the keys, and the shiftkeys having their key-buttons located on either side of the keyboard formed by the printing-keys and in position to be conveniently struck by the hands while operating the printing-keys.

43. The combination, in a type-writing machine, of a suitable main frame, a plurality of key-bars suitably supported, and a plurality of swinging type-frames each of which is provided with a plurality of rows of letters or characters which said bars are adapted to strike, and a plurality of shift-keys adapted to operate said type-frames independently of the printing-keys, said shift-keys and said printing-keys being adapted to be operated simultaneously, substantially as shown and described.

4 1. In a type-writing machine,a plurality of movable type-carrying frames each of which is provided with a plurality of letters or characters which are arranged in longitudinal and transverse rows thereon, and a series of printing-key bars corresponding in number with the transverse rows of characters or letters on the type-carrying frames, substantially as shown and described.

45. The combination in a type-writing machine, of a swinging type-frame provided with a plurality of rows of type arranged in longitudinal and transverse rows, a shift-key bar adapted to swing said frame independent-1y of the printing-key bars,and printing-key bars arranged side by side and adapted to print simultaneously against the type in either of said longitudinal rows, said key-bars equaling in number the transverse rows of type on the type-frame, substantially as shown and described.

46. The combination in a type-writing machine, of movable type-frames, each of which is provided with a plurality of rows of type arranged in longitudinal and transverse lines and a series of printing-keys arranged side by side in positions corresponding with the transverse rows of type on the type-frames, and adapted, as the frame is moved from one point to another, to bear against any letter in the transverse row facing said keys,and means for moving said type-frames, substantially as shown and described.

GEORGE KERR ANDERSON. Witnesses:

KATE O. MoYLAN, HELEN V. MoYLAN.