US574723A - fessard - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE FESSAZRI), OF POlSSY. FRANCE.

GAS OR OIL ENGINE.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 574,723, dated January 5,-1897.

Application filed February 26,1896. Serial'No. 580,799. No modelf: Patented in France April 13, 1895, No. 246,621,- in Belgium October 14, 1895. No. 117,872; in England November 13, 1895, No- 21,574. and in Austria December 20, 1895, No.

To n-U IL'IHII)! i! may won/writ:

lie it: known that EUGENE Fl-IssAm), en-

gineer, a citizen of the Republic of France,

residing in l oissy, (Seine and ()ise,) France,

have invented certain Improvements in Gas or 011 Engines, (for which I have obtained,

a French patent, dated April 13, 1895, No. 216,621; in Belgium, dated October 11, 1595,

No. 117,872; in Great Britain, datedNovem ber 13, 1895, No. 21,57 4, and in Austria, dated December 20, 1895, No. iii/4,984,) of which the following is'a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in gas and oil engines constructed either with one or two eylinders.' I

(in the accompanying drawings, lrignre. 1. is a vertical section of a gas-engine constructed according to my invention, Fig. 3 being a front; view of the same, shown partly'in section; Fig. 3, a sectional plan on line]. i of Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a plan of the clicks working upon the exhaust-valve in connection with the regulator. Fig. is a section of a-spccial valve for use in the ease or a gas-engine,

My improved motor or engine, as shown on the drawings, consists of a casingA, inclosing a crank-shaft, one or two cylinders l3. l3, provided with water-jackets, air-inlet valves 0 C, Vaporizers l), exhaust-valves E E, a rod or shaft F for operating the latter, and reg'ulating mechanism connected with the ex;

haust-yalves.

The casing A forms an oil-bath for the shaft and cranks and has two large openings p r0 vidcd, respectively, with covers ca to allow the 'pistonsp and crank-rods'q 'tohe disengaged fwithout removing the other working The crank-shaft V, to which the rods their inlet I) and exhaust ports 11. so arran cd that the explosive mixture cannot combine with the consumed gases. The inlet-port 1) extends fromthe bottom upward at a tangential inclination to the inner face of the cylinders, so as to direct-the explosive mixture in such a manner that the consumed gases are driven back into the lower part of the cylinders andthat only the gas itself is in contact with the flame.

The air-inlet valves t may be ol ordinary construction and are situated at .the top of the cylinders. 'lhe exhaust-port u is so arranged with respect to the inlet-port I; that the consumed gases therein (-nnnot. unite with the explosive mixture.

in the case of oil-engines the vaporizer-s l) maybe ol any known form and arral'lgement.

The exhaust-valves are controlled by a rod or shaft 1 and cumsfj", working upon spindles 0, independent of the spindles (Z of the valve proper, but situated in a line therewith. spring 1.: tends to keep the valves normally closed, and a second spring a in- .snres the contact of the separate spindle 1:

with'its respective cam. The spindles c are guided in a suitable boss or projection G, sccurcd upon or formed in a piece with the cylinders.

The shaft F for operating the valve is connected with the crank-shaft by means of toothed wheels 9 g, so geared that the valveshaft revolves at half the speed of the crankshaft. An intermediate gearing-wheel 9 may be employed to avoid the use of large toothed wheels. At its opposite extremity the shaft F carries a centrifugal governor II with very limited movement. 'The regulator mechanism is connected with the governor II by means of a lever h and rod if, provided with, pivoted catcheso'r clicks 5 i for engaging the spindles'eof the valves and keeping the valves E in the raised position. The clicks 1 are piv oted upon the guide-piece or boss G, in which the spindles and also the rod 25 move. They are connected together by a spiral spring 1'. A stud It, secured upon the rod f, acts upon one of the clicks 2' in one direct-ion (indicated by the arrow x) and engages it in an. annular groove oflthe spindle is when brought opposite to it. '1he other click z" is similarly engaged in an annular groove of theothcr spindle 1''. by the action of the spiral spring r. Another stud 7.1, likewise secured on the rod 1, acts upon the second click in the opposite direction, (indicated by the arrow so,) so as todiscugage'lt from the spindle e', the first-mentioned click '1' being disengaged by the spiral spring. In this way the two clicks successively engage the two spindles, and consequently the valves, while these latter are liberated simultaneously.

\Vhen the speed exceeds a certain limit, the governor-weights II swing outwardly and push the lower end of the lever it toward the right, Fig. 2, so that the upper end of said lever and the rod 25, with the clicks 11 i, are drawn toward the left, as indicated by the arrow .r in Fig. 4. Thus when the spindle e is rased by the cam f the click t" will engage th notch insaid spindle, and thus hold the spindle, and consequently the valve E, in an elevated position. Similarly, as soon as the stem or spindle e is received after the spindle e the click t" will be drawn into-the notch of the spindle e by the spring r, so that this spindle also, with the corresponding valve E, will remain raised. The exhaust-valves will therefore remain open as long as the speed has not been reduced to its normal limit. With the reduction of the speed, however, the rod t will move to the right, ,as indicated by the arrows in Fig. i, and the two valve stems or spindles c e will be released simultaneously, or-nearly so, whereafter the exhaustvalves will open alternately in the ordinary manner, that is, intermittently.

The rod t is acted. upon by a spring R, the tension of which canbe adjusted to vary the speed within wide limits-as, for instance, in theproport-ion of one to five.

The engine constructed as above described can be worked by ordinary oil of petroleum. When it it is to be worked by gas, the breech of the cylinders is providedwith 'two chimneys and incandescent tubes,.or an electric arc, according to the kind of combustion pre'- ferred. In this case the air-inlet valves C and the Vaporizers are suppressed, and these latter are replaced by a tap or valve K of special construction, as shown in Fig. 5.

The improved engine is of easy construction and may be worked either in a vertical, horizontal, or an oblique position, and, owing to its lightness and the accessibility of its working parts, it is readily adaptable for the purposes of traction, navigation, electrical installationsmgricultural work,and otherlike purposes.

I claim-- 1. In an explosive-engine, a plurality of cylinders each provided with an exhaustvalve, a stem movable independently of the exhaust-valve stem and adapted to engage tho'same, operating mechanism for imparting a reciprocating motion to said independent stems at different times so as toropen the exhaust-valves in regular succession, a click or pawl arranged to engage each of the independent stems to hold the same stationary and out of the path of said operating mech- .tially as described.

anism, a connection bet-ween said clicks, a governor-actuated by the engine, and a shifting'de'vice controlled by the governor and operatively connected to the clicks, substan- 2. In an explosive-engine, a plurality of cylinders each provided with an exhaustvalve, a stem movable independently of the exhaust-valve stem and adapted to engage the same, operating mechanism for imparting a reciprocating motion to said independent stems atdiffcrent times so as to open the exhaust-valves in regular succession, a click or pawl arranged to engage each of the independent'stems to hold the same stationary and out of the path of the said operating mechanism, a movable rod or bar carrying projections adapted to engage said clicks, and a governor controlling the position of said bar according to the speed of the engine, substantially as described.

3. In an explosive-engine, a plurality of cylinders each provided with an exhaustvalve, a stem movable -independently of the exhaust-valve stem and adaptcdt-o engage the same, operating mechanism for impartinga reciprocating motion to said independent stems at different times so as, to open the exhaust-valves in regular succession, a click or pawl arranged to engage each of the-independent stems to hold the same stationary and out of the pathlof the said operating mechanism, a movable rod or bar carrying projections adapted to engage said clicks at opposite sides, a spring connecting the clicks, and a governor controlling the position of said bar according to the speed of the engine, substantially as described.

4. In an explosive-engine, a cylinder having an inle't for the gas, vapor, or other fuel, said inlet being arranged approximately tangentially to the interior curved surface of the cylinder and oblique to the plane of the cylinder-head, substantial] y as described.

5. In an explosive-engine, a cylinder having an inlet for the gas, vapor, or other fuel, said inlet being arranged approximately tangentially to the interior curved surface of the cylinder, and an outlet likewise arranged tangentiallyto said surface, but out of line with the inlet, substantially as described.

6. In an explosive-engine, a cylinder provided witlra spring-controlled valve, a rod driven from the engine and adapted to periodically actuate said valve, a click or pawl arranged to hold the valve open, independently of the action of said rod, and a governor controlling the position of the click or pawl according to the speed of the engine, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

EUGENE FESSARD.

Witnesses:

LnoN FRANCKEN, CLYDE SHROPSHLRE.

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