US574664A - clark - Google Patents

Description

3 sheets-sheen 1.

IU I mvEn' lllill Patented Jan. 5, 1897,

(NuModel.)

F. L. CLARK.

PUMP. No. 574,664.

(No Model.) s sheets-sheet 2.

F. L. CLARK.

PUMP. i No. 574,664. ZI Patented Jan. 5, 1897.'v

HI VH l taf WITNESISS:

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 8.

l F. L. CLARK.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

FRANCIS L. CLARK, OF STEIVART STATION, PENNSYLVANIA.

PUMP.

SPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 574,664, dated` January 5, 1897.

Application filed February 17, 1896. Serial No. 579,512. (No model.)

To all whom, it 71mg concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS L. CLARK, a citizen ot' the United States, residing at Stewart Station, in the county of Westmoreland and State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered al certain new and useful Improvement in Pumps, of which improvement the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple, compact, and e'ective device for forcing a liquid against pressure which shall be especially adapted to the requirements of a hydraulic-brake apparatus, as well as desirably applicable in connection with hydraulic jacks and other hydraulic-pressure devices in eftectin g compression to such degree as may be required.

The improvement claimed is hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through a pump, illustrating an embodiment ofv my invention at the line t t of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a transverse section at the line of Fig. l; Fig. 3, a similar section at the line u o of Fig. 2 g Fig. 4, an end view in elevation of the valvecasing Fig. 5, a longitudinal central section through the same; Fig. 6, a vertical transverse section through a pump having supplemental pistons at the line y y of Fig. 8; Fig. 7, a longitudinal central section through the valve-casing of the same; Fig. 8,' a vertical longitudinal section through the pump at the lines .e e' of Figs. 6 and 9, and Fig. 9 a transverse section at the line w w of Fig. 8.

In the practice of my inventionl provide a pump-supporting frame 10, adapted to be located in proper relation to an element for imparting power, which in this instance is indicated as the tread of a car-wheel 2, but which may without variation of operative principle be located upon any suitable shaft rotated either by hand or other motive power. The pump is of the two-cylinder single-acting type, and the pump-cylinders 4 4 are secured one opposite the other and in axial line to a casing 9, which may be either formed integral with or connected to the supporting-frame 10. A pump-shaft 23, which is iitted to rotate in bearings in the casin g 9,carries upon a squared portion of its length located between the side bars of the supporting-frame l0 a drivingroller 24, the periphery of which projects beyond the frame l0 on one face thereof. Friction-rolls l2 are journaled on pins ll, iixed in the frame lO nearits ends, their peripheries projecting beyond the frame similarly to that of the drivin g-roller 24, so as to be rotated, as

is said roller, by frictional contact with the wheel 2, from which the driving-power is imparted.

An eccentric 25 is vformed or tlxed upon the pump-shaft 23 at the portion thereof which is located between-the pump-cylinders 4 4, and Vtwo eccentric strapsn 26 26 are tted around it, each strap being provided with a short arm or rod 27, which is coupled by a pin 28 to a piston 29, itting the adjacent pump cylinder 4. Each of the eccentricstraps 26 is cut away for the major portion of its width, so as through said portion to only surround about one-half of the periphery of the-eccentric. portion of the width of each eccentric-strap completely encircles the eccentric, and the complete and cut-away portions are located at alternately opposite ends of the respective straps, as seen in Figs. 1 and 9. By this construction a large bearing-surface for the eccentric-straps is provided during the forcing strokes of the pistons, and the bearing of the rlhe remaining minor pistons on the eccentric is made more nearly f central than would otherwise be the case. The end of the casing 9 farthest from the frame lO is closed by a screw-cap 30, which serves as an end bearing for the pump-shaft23- In order to obviate the imposition of undue strain upon the pump, which might otherwise be occasioned by the driving-roller 24 being held in contact with the wheel by which it is rotated with greater force than that necessary to insure efficient frictional contact, the casing 9 and its accessories may be connected to the supporting-frame 10 through the intermediation of a yielding or elastic medium. As shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3, the casing 9 is fitted in a transverse recess in the frame 10, with the capacity of a limited degree of traverse toward and from the periphery of the wheel 2, from which power is transmitted to the driving-roller 24, which is held to its bearing against the wheel 2 by springs 40,

IOO

which abut against the casing i) and against a bearing-plate 4l, secured to the frame lO by bolts 42.

The outer ends of the pump-cylinders 4 4 are connected by pipes 5 5 with chambers 32 in a valve-casing 3l, which may be located and supported in any convenient position relatively to the pump. Openings or passages are formed in the upper and lower sides of the chambers S2, which openings are controlled, respectively, by upwardly-opening delivery-valves 33 and receiving-valves 34, and lead, respectively, to an upper outletchamber 35 and to a lower inlet-chamber 3G. A receiving-pipe 5l leads from any suitable source of Huid-supply into the inlet-chamber 3G and a delivery-pipe 5 leads from the outletchamber 35 to any desired point of delivery or discharge.

In operation the inward stroke of each of the pistons 20 draws liquid from the pipe 5c and inlet-chamber 3G into one of the chambers 32, raising the inlet-valve S4 and tending to close the outlet-valve 33 thereof. The opposite or outward stroke of each piston forces liquid from one of the chambers into the outlet-chamber 35 and discharge-pipe 5, raising the outlet-valve 33 of the chamber 32 and tendingtoclosetheinlet-valve34. Theliquid discharged from the valve-casing through the pipe 5l may be conveyed to any desired point of delivery against pressure,or, in a hydraulicbrake apparatus or other apparatus in which such traverse is desired, may be circulated through a pipe system and returned to the valvecasin g through the pipe 5C. The yielding resistance of the springs 4U maintains a normal degree of frictional contact between the driving-roller and the wheel by which it is rotated and prevents undue strain if the supporting-frame l0 should be held too closely to the shaft of said wheel. The frame l0 may obviously be either fixed to a suitable base or stand or connected by links or suspensionrods through openings 50 51, provided for the reception of connecting-bolts, or through one of the pins ll, to the framing of an apparatus in connection with which it is employed, as, for example, a car frame or sill when used in a hydraulic-brake system, so that by being moved toward or from the wheel which imparts rotation to the driving-roller 24, and thereby bringing said members into and out of frictional contact, the pump may either be actuated or remain inactive, as required.

Figs. (5 to il, inclusive, illustrate a modification in which, by the employment of a supplemental piston in each pump-cylinder, a large amount of fiuid may be pumped at comparatively low pressure, and thereafter a smaller amount may be pumped at a substantially higher pressure. The pump-casing 9 is in this instance made integral with the supporting-frame l0, and the pump-shaft 225 is journaled in bearings in the casing and its cap 30, as in the former case. The drivingroller 24, friction-rolls l2, eccentric-25, straps 26, rods 27, valve-casing 31, and inlet and outlet valves and connecting-pipes are also all substantially similar to the corresponding members before described. The main pistons 2S) are not, however, connected directly with the rods 27, as in the instance first described, but are actuated therefrom through the intermediation of supplemental pistons 44 of smaller diameter, which work in cylindrical chambers in the main pistons and are coupled to the eccentric-rods 7 by pins 2S. A peripheral flange or collar 4t, which is formed on the outer end of each of the supplemental pistons 44, engages a corresponding shoulder in the inclosing chamber of the main piston 2f), and thereby moves said piston with the supplemental piston 44 during the inward traverse thereof. rlhe outward traverse of the main pistons is effected by helical springs 48, which surround the main pistons and bear at their outer ends on circumferential flanges thereon, from which sleeves 47, fitting enlarged bores in the pump-chambers 4, extend toward the shaft 23 and inclose the springs 48 for a portion of their length. The inner ends of the springs bear on the bottoms of annular recesses 49 in the pump-chambers, said recesses and the sleeves 47 serving as guides for the springs. The supplemental pistons are provided with central extensions 45 of smaller diameter on their outer ends, fitting corresponding bores in the outer end caps of the main pistons.

In operation the inward strokes of the main pistons 29 draw liquid from the pipe 5C and their outer strokes discharge it through the pipe 5, as in the instance first described, the piston areas effective for this purpose being those of the enlarged outer ends of the main pistons. Then the pressure against which the liquid is pumped becomes sufficiently great to overcome the tension of the springs 48, the latter are compressed and their coils closed down upon one another by the main pistons, which thereafter remain inactive at the limits of their inner traverse, and the further action of the pump is effected by the reduced piston areas of the extensions 45 of the supplemental pistons, which then act to force a smaller quantity of liquid against a higher pressure. Upon a diminution of pressure be low that equal to the tension of the springs the pump again operates on the liquid through the maximum piston areas, fi. e., those of the outer ends of the main pistons.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentm l. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a' frame adapted to be supported adjacent to a power-imparting shaft, a pumpcasing connected to said frame, a pum p-shaft journaled in said casing, pump-cylinders connected to said casing, a frictional drivingroller and an eccentric, each fixed on the pump-shaft, pistons fitting the pump-cylin- IOO IIO

ders and coupled to straps on the eccentric, and friction-rollers journaled in the frame with their axial planes parallel to that of the pump-shaft.

2. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a frame adapted to be supported adjacent to a power-imparting shaft, a pumpcasing fitting movably in said frame, an elastic medium, as one or more springs, holding said casing to a bearing against the frame, a pump-shaft journaled in said casing, pumpcylinders connected to said casing, a frictional driving-roller and an eccentric, each fixed on the pump-shaft, and pistons fitting the pump-cylinders and coupled to straps on the eccentric.

3. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a pump-cylinder, a main and a supplemental piston, of larger and smaller diameters respectively, tted to traverse therein, a spring for effecting the traverse of the main piston in one direction, separable bearing-faces on the main n and supplemental pistons, through which either coincident movement of both pistons may be effected, or inaction of the main piston permitted, and connections coupling the supplemental piston to a rotatable shaft.

4. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a pump-cylinder, a main piston fitting therein, a supplemental piston of smaller diam eter fitted to traverse in the main piston,- a spring bearing longitudinally on the main piston and on the pump-cylinder, a projection on the supplemental piston adapted to abut, in one direction of its traverse, against the main piston, and connections coupling the supplemental piston to a rotatable shaft.

5. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a pum p-cylinder, a main piston f1tting therein, a supplemental piston of smaller diameter, tted to traverse in and independently of the main piston, connections coupling the'supplemental piston to a rotatable shaft, a spring acting on the main piston and tending to effect its traverse in one direction independently of the supplemental piston, and a projection on the supplemental piston Which engages the main piston and eifects its traverse in the opposite direction, When and only when it has been moved by the spring.

6. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a pump-cylinder, a m'ain piston fitting therein, a supplemental piston of smaller diameter fitted to traverse inthe main piston,

a spring bearing longitudinally on the main piston and on the pump-cylinder, a projection on the supplemental piston traversing freely in one direction in the main piston, a shoulder or bearing-face on the main piston against Which said projection abuts, in the opposite direction, when and Whenever the main piston is brought into position therefor by the spring, and connections coupling the supplemental piston to a rotatable shaft.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand.

FRANCIS L. CLARK.

Witnesses:

F. E. GAITHER, T. J. HOGAN.

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