US561160A - Hydraulic air-compressor - Google Patents

Hydraulic air-compressor Download PDF

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US561160A
US561160A US561160DA US561160A US 561160 A US561160 A US 561160A US 561160D A US561160D A US 561160DA US 561160 A US561160 A US 561160A
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air
water
pipe
separator
jet apparatus
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F7/00—Pumps displacing fluids by using inertia thereof, e.g. by generating vibrations therein

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  • LADOLPH FABER DU FAUR ⁇ a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Air-Compressors, of which the following is a speciiication.
  • My invention refers to improvements in hydraulic air-compressors of the class called trornp, (wassertfrommcl gebldse.)
  • trornp hydraulic air-compressors of the class called trornp
  • air is drawn into the upper part of a vertical tube of uniform area through side holes or through a central tube by means of a stream of water and is carried down with the water into a box or chamber, from which air and water are separately carried oif.
  • the object of Vmy invention is to increase 'the efficiency of hydraulic air-compressors of this class and to supply highly-compressed air.
  • it consists, essentially, in the arrangement and construction of parts, which I shall hereinafter fully describe, for bringing the full available head of water into action in the jet apparatus and for using the exhaust-water by returning it to a compressor, either to one of a series, or when but one jet apparatus is used to the same by first passing it through a pump which restablishes the original pressure.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a complete apparatus, the section being taken on the line 1 1, Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 2 is aplan view of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional detail view of part of the injector.
  • Fig. 4t is a plan view of a series of water-jet compressors.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic elevation of Fig. 4 on a reduced scale.
  • Patent No. 561,160 dated June 2, 1896.
  • the letter A designates a jet apparatus, consisting of a globe a, with lateral inlet b for water under pressure from supply-pipe c, a mouthpiece d, screwed into the globe, and an air-inlet pipe adjustably screwed into the opposite end of the globe a and proj ectinginto the mouthpiece d to about the narrowest part of the same, leaving an annular space between the inside of the piece CZ and the outside of the inner end of the airsupply pipe e, through which space the water is forced.
  • the outer end of the air-supply pipe e is secured a globe g with two checkvalves f, through which air directly from the atmosphere, or from a blower, enters the globe g and pipe e.
  • a single check-valve may be used.
  • short fins 1l and j may be attached to the inner ends of the air-pipe and of rod h, as indicated in Fig. 3.
  • E is a closed vessel, which I call a separator, into which projects upwardly a pipe D connected with pipe D.
  • cooler F and through which air or cold water passes for cooling the water.
  • G is a centrifugal pump, Ithe suction end of which is connected with the lower part of the cooler F by pipes q, while the discharge is connected with the supply-pipe c of the globe A.
  • the cooler F may be omitted or the separator and cooler may be made in one. Instead of a centrifugal water-pump any kind of pressure-pump may be used for taking up the exhaust-water and delivering it under i11- creased pressure into the jet apparatus.
  • the cooler F (shown in the drawings) is designed principally for cooling the circulating water. It consists of a shell communicating with the vessel E by means of a pipe o and with the pump by means of a pipe q. The top of the shell is connected with the air-pipe n?, by a branch ⁇ u to establish equal pressure upon the water in E and in F.
  • Cooling-pipes p pass through the vessel from top to bottom, none however at the center, where the pipes u and f] connect at top and bottom, respectively.
  • the water is thus brought in contact with the large surfaces of the shell and of the pipes p, so that its temperature cannot rise above a certain maximum, depending on the surface of contact and the temperature as well as the kind and quantity of the cooling medium, which latter, in the example shown, is atmospheric air.
  • the current of air may likewise be passed through the same or through a separate cooler.
  • the apparatus Before starting, the apparatus is filled with the necessary volume of water.
  • the pump G receives the waste wat-er from the separator or from the cooler substantially under the pressure of the compressed air in the separater and delivers it to the globe A under a pressure sufficiently high for doing the work' of compressing the required volume of air.
  • the water from the globe A passes into the mouthpiece d with a high velocity and low pressure and draws in air through the pipe e, the velocity of the mixed air and water on the way to the separator is gradually decreased, and the pressure correspondingly increased. 'lhe water carried ofi by the compressed air in the form of Vapor must from time to time be replaced.
  • a A2 A3 are jet apparatus, B' B2 B3 the tapering pipes, and E E2 E2 separators.
  • the water under high pressure from any source such as the penstock w, Fig. -enters the globe A3 through pipe c2, while atmospheric air enters the globe A through valvesf' and globe g'.
  • the air travels through the system in an opposite direction, entering into the first jet apparatus A. After the first compression it is carried by pipe m from the separator E' into the second jet apparatus A2. passes from the separator E2 into the globe A3 and is finally carried by the water entering through pipe c2 into the separator E, from which itis drawn off through pipe m2.
  • any desirable number of jet apparatus A' A2 A, conical pipes B B2 B, and separators E' E2 En may be connected in series, the water under pressure entering the jet apparatus A", passing from E to A', and so on, and being finally discharged from the separator A or thence returned through a pump to A, while the air from the atmosphere enters A', passes from E into A2, from A2 into A2, and so on, and 'is discharged from E under high pressure.
  • water under Very large head may be used to supply air under high pressure without appreciable loss of power, the waste water passing off under a very much smaller pressure than that due to the final air-pressure.
  • the apparatus in Figs. 1L and 5 also shows the combination, with a jet apparatus, of' a supply-pipe for air under pressure, and such pipes like m and m2 may supply air to the jet, Figs. l to 3, from any suitable source, such as a fan-blower.
  • a hydraulic air-compressor the combination of a water-jet apparatus provided with an inlet for air and a supply-pipe for water under pressure; a contracted mouthpiece where air and water meet; a gradually-expanding pipe connected to the said mouthpiece at its narrow end; a separator connected to the wide end of the expanding pipe and arranged to cause the mixed air and water to pass into it against gravity; a discharge-pipe for the exhaust-water connected to a jet apparatus, and a dischargeopening in the upper partl of the separator for the compressed air, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
  • a Water-jet apparatus provided with an inlet for air and a supply-pipe for water under pressure; a contracted mouthpiece where air and water meet; a graduallyexpanding pipe connected to the said mouth.
  • a separator connected to the wide end of the expanding pipe and arranged to cause the mixed air and water to pass into it against gravity, and dischargeopenings for the exhaust-water and for the compressed air, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
  • a hydraulic air-compressor consisting of a series of water-jet apparatus A', A2 A, a series of separators E', E2 E connected with the former by gradually-expanding pipes B', B2 B, Water connections from the separator E to jet apparatus A' and so on iinally from E2 to A; pipes connecting the air-space of the separator E' with the jet apparatus A2, E2 with A3 and inally separator E' with jet apparatus A, an outlet for compressed air at the separator E, and a water-pump having its suction end in connection with the separator E' and its discharge end with the jet apparatus A, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
  • a hydraulic air-compressor consisting of a series of water-jet apparatus A', A2 A, a series of separators E', E2 En connected with the former by gradually-expanding pipes B', B2 B, water connections from the separator Eu to jet apparatus A' and so on 'finally from E2 to A'; pipes connecting the air-space of the separator E' with the jet apparatus A2, E2 with A3 and finally separator E' with jet apparatus A, an outlet for compressed air on the separator E, a cooling apparatus connected with the separator, and a water-pump having its suction end in connection with the cooling apparatus and its discharge end with the jet apparatus A, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
  • a hydraulic air-compressor consisting of a jet apparatus with an inlet for air and a supply for Water under pressure; a graduallyexpanding pipe connected at its narrow end to the jet apparatus; a separator located above the jet apparatus and connected to the Wide end of the expanding pipe, and a Waterpump having its suction connected to the separator and its discharge end to the supplypipe of the jet apparatus, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
  • a hydraulic air-compressor the combination of a water-jet apparatus provided with an inlet for air and a supply-pipe for water under pressure, a contracted mouthpiece where air and water meet, a separator, a gradually-expanding pipe connected to the said mouthpiece with its narrow end and to 'the separator with its wide end, a cooler connected with the separator, and a water-pump having its suction end in connection With the cooler and-its discharge end with the watersupply pipe of the jet apparatus, substantially as and for the purpose speciied.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Description

(No Moae1 asheets-sheet 1.
"'ADOLPH FABBRDU PAUR.
HYDRAULIGVAIR COMPRESSOR,
No. 561,160. Patented June Z, 1896. E. TLQ.. '3L
- (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.
' ADOLPH FABER DU PAUR.
HYDRAULIC AIR COMPRESSOR.
No. 661,166. 1366611666 June z, 1696.
WATER.
Y COMPESSED MR. wlTNEssEs: 16W-:N106: M d Mwah-Eska: msx-bmx, M ./mMZ/Z /\J l /V l BY Z/wav Mm .l
. ATTORNEY (No Model.) l 3 Sheets-Sheet -3. ADOLPH FABER DU FAUR. HYDRAULIC AIR COMPRESSOR Patented June 2, 1896.
@HUH-4631* N V E NTU R .Rk Yak et unuv.
ATTOR N EY 'out loss of efficiency.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
HYDRAULIC AIR-COMPRESSOR.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed November r2O, l 8 9 3.
To all whom t may concern.'
Be it known that LADOLPH FABER DU FAUR` a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Air-Compressors, of which the following is a speciiication.
My invention refers to improvements in hydraulic air-compressors of the class called trornp, (wassertfrommcl gebldse.) In such apparatus air is drawn into the upper part of a vertical tube of uniform area through side holes or through a central tube by means of a stream of water and is carried down with the water into a box or chamber, from which air and water are separately carried oif. By this arrangement the full available head of water is not brought into action in the jet apparatus-on the contrary, but a small part of it-the efficiency of the apparatus is very low,and but a comparatively low air-pressure is obtained.
The object of Vmy invention is to increase 'the efficiency of hydraulic air-compressors of this class and to supply highly-compressed air. For this purpose it consists, essentially, in the arrangement and construction of parts, which I shall hereinafter fully describe, for bringing the full available head of water into action in the jet apparatus and for using the exhaust-water by returning it to a compressor, either to one of a series, or when but one jet apparatus is used to the same by first passing it through a pump which restablishes the original pressure. By bringing the full available head of water into action in the jet apparatus, by discharging into a separator against a superincumbent column of water and air, and by passing the waste under the pressure of the compressed air to the injector the air can be very highly compressed with- In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a complete apparatus, the section being taken on the line 1 1, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is aplan view of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional detail view of part of the injector. Fig. 4t is a plan view of a series of water-jet compressors. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic elevation of Fig. 4 on a reduced scale.
Patent No. 561,160, dated June 2, 1896.
Serial No. 491,414. (No model.)
Similar letters designate corresponding parts.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the letter A designates a jet apparatus, consisting of a globe a, with lateral inlet b for water under pressure from supply-pipe c, a mouthpiece d, screwed into the globe, and an air-inlet pipe adjustably screwed into the opposite end of the globe a and proj ectinginto the mouthpiece d to about the narrowest part of the same, leaving an annular space between the inside of the piece CZ and the outside of the inner end of the airsupply pipe e, through which space the water is forced. 'Io the outer end of the air-supply pipe e is secured a globe g with two checkvalves f, through which air directly from the atmosphere, or from a blower, enters the globe g and pipe e. A single check-valve, however, may be used. his a rod screwed into the globe g and projecting with its inner tapering end into the air-pipe e and serving for the regulation of the opening of the airpipe. To prevent whirls in the mouthpiece d, short fins 1l and j may be attached to the inner ends of the air-pipe and of rod h, as indicated in Fig. 3.
B is a tapering pipe attached to and forming` the continuation of the mouthpiece d,
with which it may be made in one piece, if
desired. To the wide end of the pipe B is attached an elbow C and'to the latter a short pipe D.
E is a closed vessel, which I call a separator, into which projects upwardly a pipe D connected with pipe D.
cooler F, and through which air or cold water passes for cooling the water.
G is a centrifugal pump, Ithe suction end of which is connected with the lower part of the cooler F by pipes q, while the discharge is connected with the supply-pipe c of the globe A.
His a safety-valve7 and I a valve placed IOO in the discharge-pipe for drawing off compressed air.
The cooler F may be omitted or the separator and cooler may be made in one. Instead of a centrifugal water-pump any kind of pressure-pump may be used for taking up the exhaust-water and delivering it under i11- creased pressure into the jet apparatus. The cooler F (shown in the drawings) is designed principally for cooling the circulating water. It consists of a shell communicating with the vessel E by means of a pipe o and with the pump by means of a pipe q. The top of the shell is connected with the air-pipe n?, by a branch `u to establish equal pressure upon the water in E and in F. Cooling-pipes p pass through the vessel from top to bottom, none however at the center, where the pipes u and f] connect at top and bottom, respectively. The water is thus brought in contact with the large surfaces of the shell and of the pipes p, so that its temperature cannot rise above a certain maximum, depending on the surface of contact and the temperature as well as the kind and quantity of the cooling medium, which latter, in the example shown, is atmospheric air. \Vhen it is desired to cool the compressed air also, the current of air may likewise be passed through the same or through a separate cooler.
Before starting, the apparatus is filled with the necessary volume of water. The pump G receives the waste wat-er from the separator or from the cooler substantially under the pressure of the compressed air in the separater and delivers it to the globe A under a pressure sufficiently high for doing the work' of compressing the required volume of air. The water from the globe A passes into the mouthpiece d with a high velocity and low pressure and draws in air through the pipe e, the velocity of the mixed air and water on the way to the separator is gradually decreased, and the pressure correspondingly increased. 'lhe water carried ofi by the compressed air in the form of Vapor must from time to time be replaced.
For very high pressures of air and particularly for compressing air by water-power I use several hydraulic air-jet compressors connected in series, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, where A A2 A3 are jet apparatus, B' B2 B3 the tapering pipes, and E E2 E2 separators. The water under high pressure from any sourcesuch as the penstock w, Fig. -enters the globe A3 through pipe c2, while atmospheric air enters the globe A through valvesf' and globe g'. Vater from separator Espasscs through pipe c2 into jet apparatus A2 and from separator E2 through pipe c into the first jet apparatus A', and then goes either to waste under a comparatively lou7 pressure from separator E or is pumped back into globe A2. The air travels through the system in an opposite direction, entering into the first jet apparatus A. After the first compression it is carried by pipe m from the separator E' into the second jet apparatus A2. passes from the separator E2 into the globe A3 and is finally carried by the water entering through pipe c2 into the separator E, from which itis drawn off through pipe m2. rlhus any desirable number of jet apparatus A' A2 A, conical pipes B B2 B, and separators E' E2 En may be connected in series, the water under pressure entering the jet apparatus A", passing from E to A', and so on, and being finally discharged from the separator A or thence returned through a pump to A, while the air from the atmosphere enters A', passes from E into A2, from A2 into A2, and so on, and 'is discharged from E under high pressure. By this means water under Very large head may be used to supply air under high pressure without appreciable loss of power, the waste water passing off under a very much smaller pressure than that due to the final air-pressure. By this arrangement in series, in connection with a circulating-pump, much. smaller velocities of air and water are required in the several injectors than would be required in a single one.
The apparatus in Figs. 1L and 5 also shows the combination, with a jet apparatus, of' a supply-pipe for air under pressure, and such pipes like m and m2 may supply air to the jet, Figs. l to 3, from any suitable source, such as a fan-blower.
I do not claim as my invention hydraulic apparatus in which air alone is passed through a centrifugal apparatus against water-pressure or where air and water together are passed through a centrifugal apparatus.
NVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. In a hydraulic air-compressor, the combination of a water-jet apparatus provided with an inlet for air and a supply-pipe for water under pressure; a contracted mouthpiece where air and water meet; a gradually-expanding pipe connected to the said mouthpiece at its narrow end; a separator connected to the wide end of the expanding pipe and arranged to cause the mixed air and water to pass into it against gravity; a discharge-pipe for the exhaust-water connected to a jet apparatus, and a dischargeopening in the upper partl of the separator for the compressed air, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. In a hydraulic air-compressor, the combination of a Water-jet apparatus provided with an inlet for air and a supply-pipe for water under pressure; a contracted mouthpiece where air and water meet; a graduallyexpanding pipe connected to the said mouth.
piece at its narrow end; a separator connected to the wide end of the expanding pipe and arranged to cause the mixed air and water to pass into it against gravity, and dischargeopenings for the exhaust-water and for the compressed air, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Ahydraulic air-compressor, eonsistingof After second compression it IOO IIO
a series of Water-jet apparatus A', A2 A, a series of separators E', E2 E connected with the former by gradually-expandin g pipes B', B2 B, an inlet for Water under high pressure into the jet apparatus A, water connections from separator E to jet apparatus A and so on nally from E2 to A'; a discharge-pipe for the exhaust-water from E', an air-supply pipe for the jet apparatus A', pipes connecting the air-space of the separator E' with the jet apparatus A2, E2 with A2, and linally separator Elrwith jet apparatus A, and an outlet for the compressed air at the separator E, substantially as and for the purpose specied.
et. A hydraulic air-compressor consisting of a series of water-jet apparatus A', A2 A, a series of separators E', E2 E connected with the former by gradually-expanding pipes B', B2 B, Water connections from the separator E to jet apparatus A' and so on iinally from E2 to A; pipes connecting the air-space of the separator E' with the jet apparatus A2, E2 with A3 and inally separator E' with jet apparatus A, an outlet for compressed air at the separator E, and a water-pump having its suction end in connection with the separator E' and its discharge end with the jet apparatus A, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
5. A hydraulic air-compressor consisting of a series of water-jet apparatus A', A2 A, a series of separators E', E2 En connected with the former by gradually-expanding pipes B', B2 B, water connections from the separator Eu to jet apparatus A' and so on 'finally from E2 to A'; pipes connecting the air-space of the separator E' with the jet apparatus A2, E2 with A3 and finally separator E' with jet apparatus A, an outlet for compressed air on the separator E, a cooling apparatus connected with the separator, and a water-pump having its suction end in connection with the cooling apparatus and its discharge end with the jet apparatus A, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
6. A hydraulic air-compressor, consisting of a jet apparatus with an inlet for air and a supply for Water under pressure; a graduallyexpanding pipe connected at its narrow end to the jet apparatus; a separator located above the jet apparatus and connected to the Wide end of the expanding pipe, and a Waterpump having its suction connected to the separator and its discharge end to the supplypipe of the jet apparatus, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
7. In a hydraulic air-compressor the combination of a water-jet apparatus provided with an inlet for air and a supply-pipe for water under pressure, a contracted mouthpiece where air and water meet, a separator, a gradually-expanding pipe connected to the said mouthpiece with its narrow end and to 'the separator with its wide end, a cooler connected with the separator, and a water-pump having its suction end in connection With the cooler and-its discharge end with the watersupply pipe of the jet apparatus, substantially as and for the purpose speciied.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 18th day of November, 1893.
ADOLPH FABER DU FAUR.
Vitnesses:
KLAS H. TERNsTEDT, JAS. KING DUFFY.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2832528A (en) * 1953-10-01 1958-04-29 Gen Motors Corp Alcohol mist icing prevention
US3371618A (en) * 1966-02-18 1968-03-05 Chambers John Pump
US3489337A (en) * 1967-11-21 1970-01-13 Milton Roy Co Pressurized air supply

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2832528A (en) * 1953-10-01 1958-04-29 Gen Motors Corp Alcohol mist icing prevention
US3371618A (en) * 1966-02-18 1968-03-05 Chambers John Pump
US3489337A (en) * 1967-11-21 1970-01-13 Milton Roy Co Pressurized air supply

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