US559419A

US559419A - Inductor-dynamo

Info

Publication number: US559419A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1896-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 1913-05-05

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. O. P. STEINMETZ. INDUGTOR DYNAMO.

No. 559,419. Patented May 5,1896.

2 SheetsSheet 2.

(No Model.)

O. P. STEINMETZ. INDUGTOR DYNAMO.

No. 559,419. Patented May 5,1896.

WITNEEEEE.

(MW, W.

ANDREW BGRANAM. vno'ro-umo. WASNINGTDLD C UNH ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES P. STEINMETZ, OF SOIIENEOTADY, NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF NEIV YORK.

l NDUGTOR-DYNAMO.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 559,419, dated May 5, 1896.

Application filed February 15, 1896. Serial No. 579,364. (No modeh) T aZZ whom it may concern;

Be it known that 1, CHARLES P. STEINMETZ, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Inductor-Dynamos, (Case No. 350,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to dynamo electric 1o machines, especially to those of the inductor type, now well known in the art; and it consists in the general type of machine by which I obtain a novel and useful apparatus, as well as, in a more specific sense, improved details I 5 of construction which I have devised,by which the first cost of the machine may be largely reduced, in that I am enabled to use a less number of field-coils and field-magnet cores, and also to some extent to employ standard forms of apparatus made from patterns suitable for dynamos of other constructions. To this end I employ for my improved dynamo a field-magn et of ordinary typethat is, having inwardingly-extending laminated polepieces provided with ordinary win dings. The pole-pieces, however, I somewhat extend circumferentially, and upon these extended polefaces I mount the armature-coils of the machine. Adjacent to these coils, which may of course be connected in any suitable relation to obtain current of one or more phases, the inductor revolves. In most inductor-dynamos the inductor consists of a bobbin-like structure, in section somewhat like the letter H composed of two star-wheels connected at their centers by a centralbody or shaft, about which a coil may be wound to determine the polarity of the mass. Each of these starwheels is of different polaritythat is to say, all the projections on one are of north polarity and all on the other of south polarity, each one being provided with its own stationary armature, the two armatures being mounted side by side in a common frame.

My improved inductor differs from those just described in that the inductor, although a single unitary structure, is when stationary of north polarity on one side of its diameter and of south polarity on the other side, the plane of division passing through its axis of revolution, or substantially so. Thus the inductor projections, which in ordinary constructions preserve the same polarity during the entire revolution ,in my improved arran gement reverse their polarity as they pass from one field to another. I have described the construction as applicable to a bipolar structure, but it may be used with even better effect in multipolar apparatus, and in this particular form I have illustrated it. Of course in this case the inductor would be composed of sectors of different polarity, equal in numher to the pole-pieces.

The accompanying drawings show my invention, Figure '1 being aside elevation of my improved machine with one of the bearin gs removed; Fig. 2, an end elevation, partly in section, upon the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a diagram of the electric circuits. Fig. at is a sketch illustrating the magnetic paths of the machine, and Fig. 5 is a modified form.

A is the base of the machine. B is the fieldmagnet frame. 0 O are the bearings for the armature. Pole-pieces D D, in the case illustrated for a four-pole machine, are also provided with suitable field-magnet coils D D, surrounding the pole-pieces. The polar faces F F are extended circumferentially partly around the revolving inductor.

K is the shaft of the machine, to which is keyed a suitable spider carrying the inductor I.

G G are the projecting arms of the inductor, by the motion of which past the armature-coils a difference of magnetic condition is produced. Upon the extended pole-faces F F the armature-coils a b c are disposed. In the case illustrated I have shown a threephase machine, and there are six coils disposed upon each polar'face.

The circuits are best seen in Fig. 3, in which a b c are the leads from the armaturecoils, and a b c are the armature-coils themselves. The order of connection is best seen by tracing the connection of a series of coilsfor instance, that lettered a. The coil a being most nearly adjacent to the inductor is connected to the coil a which is on the under layer, while a is upon the upper layer. a again is on the under layer, and so on around the armature. These connected coils give rise to the current of one phase, while the next set 17 b b provides the current of another phase, and c 0 0 &c., the current of the third phase. All of the coils are connected together at the point Y, although nothing in my invention excludes the use of the delta-windin The field-magnets form a circuit closed through the eXciterE of the usual shunt type, provided with a regulating-resistance R for determining the output of the machine. I prefer to have the polar faces provided with projections upon which the coils may be mounted, the effect of these projections being similar to those on any revolving armature of the toothed type. By mounting the coils in sets upon these polar-face projections, the coils being alternately adjacent to and slightly removed from the inductoras, for instance, the coils a e ct the total i11- ductance of each of the circuits is substantially equalized.

In Fig. at I show the magnetic paths of the machine. In this case it will be observed that each of the projections or teeth of the inductor is of polarity corresponding to the polar face opposite which it may be. For instance, suppose four of the inductor-teeth be opposite each of the poles. There would then be four fluxes across the air-gap and through the armature-coils, as shown. As the inductor moves, each of these different fluxes would shift along the polar face of the field-mag net, and thus would out each of the coils in succession.

In Fig. 5 I illustrate the application of my invention to the bipolar construction, which, for small machines or high speeds, might be conveniently done, although I prefer a multipolar structure.

All of the'forms illustrated have the com mon advantage of providing a single fieldmagnet winding which will produce a number of separate magnetic fields. For instance, suppose the machine to have sixty-fen r poles. It might still be made in the form illustrated in Fig. 1, and sixteen coils (in a single-phase machine) would be disposed upon each polar face, and an inductor having a suitable number of teeth being provided to pass the mag netic flux through the different coils in the order desired. The economy in copper cost is thus manifest, as a single coil, necessarily larger than any one of the field-magnet coils, but very much smaller than the sum of six teen of such coils, would be sufficient to provide the field-excitation.

The machine is not only advantageous in regard to copper cost, but owing to the smaller resistance of the field-magnet windings a less amount of current will be consumed in ex citation and the efficiency thus increased.

I aim to include in the scope of the claims appended variations of form and other changes of construction not involving departure from the principles of construction herein set out.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. An inductor-dynamo having inwardly projecting pole-pieces provided with field magnet windings, armature-coils mounted upon the polar faces, and a revolving inductor.

2. An inductor-dynamo comprising a field magnet having projecting polepieces, polefaces circumferentially extended, the armature-coils being mounted upon the polar faces, and a revolving inductor.

3. An inductor-dynamo having inwardlyextending pole-pieces, polar faces provided with projections, and armature-coils mounted. upon the projections of the polar faces.

at. An inductor dynamo comprising inwardly-extending pole-pieces, polar faces provided with projections, and armature-coils mounted in sets upon the projections of the polar faces, alternate coils in each set being adjacent to and removed from a revolving induetor.

5. An inductor-dynamo comprising a fieldmagnet having inwardly extending polepieces of alternately-opposite polarity, armature-coils mounted upon the polar faces of the field-magnets, and a revolving inductor having projections passing through the fields created by the field-magnet poles.

0. A field-magnet structure for an ind uctordynamo, comprising field-magnet cores, polar faces having projections upon which the coils may be wound, and a coil upon each fieldmagnet core, the coil magnetizing all of the projections.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of February, 1896.

CHARLES P. STEINMETZ.

\Vitnesses:

B. B. IIULL, A. F. MACDONALD.