US557090A - Albert white - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

A. WHITE.

VISE.

Patented Mar. 24, 1896.` Figi j] Vf UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT IVIIITE, OF LOIVELL, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES E.

IIOUSE, OF MANCHESTER, FRANK E. HOLMES, OF ROCKY IIILL, AND MIL- TON S. TRACY, OF GLASTONBURY, CONNECTICUT.

VISE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 557,090, dated March 24, 1896.

Application led September 29, 1893. Renewed November 11, 1895. Serial No. 568,639. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT IVHITE, a citizen of the .United States, residing at Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Vises, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to vises; and it consists in the combinations and devices herein- 1o after described and claimed.

Usually vises of the kind most nearly resembling the one herein shown and described are provided with a rack cast in one piece with or otherwise attached to the stationary or rear jaw and with a single dog, carried by the sliding or front jaw and adapted, by a.

partial revolution of a screw-rod or cam-rod, to be allowed or forced to engage said rack, the further rotation of said rod tending to 2o advance the dog relatively to the sliding jaw,

but owing to the resistance of said rack giving an actual backward movement to the sliding jaw. In such vises the sliding jaw is moved by hand to adjust the distance be- 2 5 tween the jaws, according` to the thickness of the work to be grasped, and the work is then firmly clamped by turning` a lever or handle secured on the actuating-rod or screw-rod. The expense of cutting such racks is consid- 3o erable and the racks, if cast, are so coarse as to prevent a line adjustment of the distance between thejaws, according` to the thickness of the work, without frequently leaving the dog in such a position as to require a consider- 3 5 able movement of the actuating-rod to bring the dog into engagement with the tooth of the rack next in advance of said dog. This is a disadvantage, because the engagement of the dog and the clamping of the work are both 4o successively accomplished in less than a coinplete revolution of the actuating-rod or its handle, so that the less the angular movement of the handle necessary to cause the engagement of the dog the more firmly the work can be clamped by the further angular movement of said handle. cast or cut, if made too line will not be strong enough to stand the strain and will be broken by the pressure of the dog, and the tooth or 5o engaging end of the dog, if made ne enough The teeth of the rack,whether to engage a very line rack, will for the same reason be easily broken. To avoid these defects I make a very coarse rack, which, being coarse, may be cast on the upper jaw and needs no finishing and is therefore inexpensive, and I use on the sliding jaw a plurality of dogs, so arranged that the distance between the teeth or engaging ends of said dogs is not an exact multiple of the pitch or distance between two successive teeth of said rack. Evi- 6o dently more than two such dogs may be used; but in any case, when the distance between the teeth of two such adjacent dogs is divided by the pitch of the rack, the remainder will be a fraction, which, reduced to its lowest terms, will have one for a numerator and a denominator equal to the number of dogs usedthat is, if two dogs are used, when one dog is against the rear face of a tooth of the rack the tooth of the other dog will be half-way 7o between two teeth of said rack, and when three dogs are used and one of them is in working position the other two dogs will be respectively one-third and two-thirds of the pitch distance of the rack from the rack-teeth 7 5 next in front of said last-named dogs, respectively-that is, as near as practicable-taking into account the method of manufacture and the accuracy attainable consistently with the low price at which the vises must be sold. 8o

I provide means whereby the dogs may be independently moved by a yielding pressure into engagement with the rack, so that when the tooth of one of the dogs strikes upon the end of a tooth of the rack the other dog or dogs will not thereby be held out of such engagement.

Usually the downward thrust of the dog is sustained by the actuating-rod and has a tendency to bend said rod and to make the 9o turning of said rod more difficult; but I support the dog or dogs (this part of my invention being applicable to a vise having one or more dogslupon a slide which sustains this downward thrust and may be placed very near said rod, leaving to said rod merely the task of moving the slide in a path parallel with said rod. A

For convenience of finishing the cam-surface of the cam-piece, said cam-piece is rst roo made and then placed loosely upon the actuating-rod, and upon said rod is subsequently Vi nnnovabl y cast a hub provided with a tongue to enter a slot forinedin the rearoi said cam piece to cause the cani to rotate with said rod. 'lhe cani is preferably loose enough on its actuating-rml to allow the working surface olf the earn and the contiguous surface of the dog-carrying slide better to accommodate themselves to each other and to work with less Friction. lhe actuating-rod is retained in a halljournal box or notch in the sliding jaw by ears rast on said sliding' jaw and holding the dog-carrying slide above said rod.

In this vise two slides are used, one et which carries the dogs7 as above intimated, and the other of which carries cushions or yielding' sln'ings which lnove the dogs into engagement with the rack, and other springs are used to restore these slides to position when the handle et' the actuating-rod is returned to ils startingspoint. The sliding jaw has means ot holding an extension-jaw which in'o'jects above the bench to held work against pins in the bench.

In the acmnnpanyingdrawings, Figure l .is a plan oi" a vise containing my improvement attached to a bench, a part of the bench and ol` the attaching-plate being broken away to show the construction of the slide of the front j aw and o l the parts supported thereby; Fig. 2, a side elevation ci' said vise and bench, partly in section, on the line 2 2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a plan ot' the rear portion of the sliding jaw and paris supported thereby; Fig'. ai, a vertical cross-section on the line l et in Fig. (l of the vise and bench; Fig. 5, a plan of the dog-carrying slide; Fig. G, a vertical. section of the rear portion et' the rack and sliding jaw and a left-side elevation of the rear portion ot the actnating-rod, the cani, the dogs and springs, and their slides; Fig. 7, a left-side elevation olf the rear hub of the actuating-rod and the cam; Fig. 9, a vertical section on the line S S in Fig. .l; Fig. il, a planet' thefront portion of the slid ingjaw, actuating-rod, and extensionjaw.

'lhe stationary or rear jaw A has a backwardly-extending attaching-plate a to enable the vise to be attached by screws or bolts l) to the bench Il in the usual manner. To the under side et the attaching-plate a is secured a rack cf, preferably cast in one piece with said plate and with the jaw A, and of the usual construction, except that it is preferably ]nuch coarser or ol greater pitch than is customary.

The attaching-plate a Vis provided with grooved ways a to receive the side edges of the slide c olf the lront or sliding jaw C, said slide c being of the general shape of a trough and bein provided in the bottom with a longitud inal slot [oi-the escape of chips and dust, all in a well-known manner.

rllie actuating-rod l) is preferably of wrought-iron or steel and is provided with a handle d preferably cast thereon and with a rear hub d, also preferably east on said rod D and provided with an annular groove, the bottom of which forms the rear journal (Z2 of said rod and turns in a notch. cl in the vert-ical rear end e5 of the slide c. This construction of the cam-rod is similar to what lis shown in United States Letters Pat-ent No. 69,403, granted February 23, 1892, to me, except that in that patent said annular groove is formed directly in the actuating-rod. The front jonrnal of the rod I) may turn in a journal-box E, which fills an opening e"2 in the .lront jaw (l, as described in said patent, er the piece Fl may be a hub rigidly attached to said rod. In either case the opening c? inust be of sul.'- iicient size to admit the rear hub (l.

The cam d, instead of being east rigidly on the rod l), is made and its caln-si'ulace iinished and said cam placed loosely oin said rod before said rod is placed .in the sand :lL'or casting the handle d and hub (l. The hubd is provided with a tongue or projection d, which enters a notch d in the cain d, caus ing said eain to be rotated by the rotation of the rod I). The spiral cam-surface (il is on the :liront end oi' the cani d* and has a greater pitch. at the rear part or beginning of said spiral. at (it.

A dog-earryin g slide F is supported on horizontal. ways e", which are formed on the inside of the slide c and its rear end is forced back against the cam di by a spring j (represented as a spiral wire spring) compressed between the trent end of said slide F and an inward projection, (represented as a transverse tie 67,) which may also :form an intermediate beari n for the actuating-rod D, said spring beingl prevented from displacement on the slide F by a stud j, which projects frein the trent ol said slide F and enters the end of said spring.

The dogs G G are bent levers, the rear vertical arms g g ol' which extend down through transverse slots f2 f i in said slide F and are loose in said slots and may be turned slightly on the front edges of said slots in the vertical plane in which the rod D lies to raise the teeth or `front ends j gi ol said dogs into enn gagernent with the rack d'. The front horizontal arms g (f of the dogs G Gr may be guided when falling away from. the rack by the sides of the depressions f" in the top of the slide F, said dogs loosely `fitting said depressions.

Below the slide F is arranged the springcarrying slide Il, which moves on horizontal ways c, like the ways t above described, and is provided in the front part ol.' its upper snrace with a groove h, holding a spiral spring I weaker than the spring F, the spring I being compressed between the rear end of said groove h and a vertical stud f, which extends down from the under side et' the slide F, the elasticity et' said spring I forcin the rear end of the slide II backward against the cain di. The spring' I tor convenience is arranged near one side of the slide II, and to avoid the necessity of accurate iitting and to prevent said ICO IIO

slide H from being turned in such a manner as to stick in the ways c8 the rear end of said slide H, at the same side with said spring I, may be provided with a backwardly-extending guide projection 7L', which bears against the side of the cam cl3. The slide H carries as many springs or yielding cushions as there are dogs G G', these springs being represented as wire springs J J', each formed of a single wire, one end of which enters a hole h2 or h3 in the slide H, the intermediate portion j or j of each wire being coiled around an upwardlyprojecting stud h* or h5, cast on or otherwise rigidly secured to the top of said slide H near one side of the same, and the other end portion of said wire extending nearly across said slide H and forming a iinger jg or jg, which presses against the back of an upwardly-projecting stop h6 or la7, which limits the forward movement of said finger. lVhen the lever or handle d is in the proper position (preferably a vertical position) to. allow the sliding jaw to be moved by hand, the dogs are out of engagement with the rack and the lower rear arms of the dogs are in front of the iingersj2 jg, but out of contact with said iingers or only in contact with them without pressure, and the rear end of the slide H is in contact with that part d8 of the cam-surface which has the greater pitch. At the saine time the slide F is against the part of the cam having the less pitch. Now by turning the handle d both of the slides F and H are advanced, the slide H, owing to the greater pitch of the part d8 of the cam-surface, at first more rapidly than the slide F, pressing the iingers ,i2 L7'3 against the rear arms of the dogs and raising the front ends of said dogs against the rack a', as shown in Fig. G, the teeth of one of said dogs entering an interdental space of said rack and the other of said dogs striking a tooth of said rack and crowding back the corresponding spring-fin ger or cushion. i When a revolution of the cam is completed, the slides are restored to position by the springs f I, the return or straight part (Z9 which connects the ends of the spiral cam-surface permitting this, and by striking against the under side of the slide H preventing said cam from being turned in the wrong direction from its initial position. The studs h4 h5 and stops 7L k7 reach upward far enough to prevent the slide H from rising off from the ways c6 when the slide F is in position, and said slide F is prevented from rising off from the ways c8 by ears c, which are cast or otherwise secured on the inner faces of the walls of the slide or trough c and project over said slide F, as shown in Figs. l, 3 and 4, so that there is no danger of the slides F and H or the parts attached to or supported by them being dropped out of the sliding jaw, even when the latter is removed from the fixed jaw. If it becomes necessary to remove any of these parts, the spring f may be lifted out of place by its front end and the slide F may then be pushed forward until it clears the ears e9 and be raised out of the slide c,

thus releasing the slide H, which may then be removed in a similar manner.

The slide F is arranged so near to the actuating-rod D that said rod cannot be raised sufficiently to disengage the rear journal d2 from the notch c4, above described, without iirst removing said slide F.

The removable extension or supplementary jaw K (see Figs. S and 9) takes the place of the block of wood commonly used to hold a wide board or similar work against vertical stop-pins inserted in holes in the bench, the tops of the jaws A being usually iiush with the top of said bench. Said jaw K is a bar or plate provided in one or both ends with slots 7.: k to receive loosely the actuating-rod D and having a vertical length sufficient to enable said jaw K to reach above the top of the sliding jaw C and t0 serve as an upward extension thereof, the distance to which the jaw K extends above the jaw C depending on the length of the slot 7a or 7s placed over the rod D, these slots being of different lengths. The extension-jaw K is held in avertioal position when in use by said rod D and by vertical ribs 010 cu, cast on the inside of the slide c, and when not in use may be laid in the trough of said slide c, said ribs cm c11 forming, with the rear face of the sliding jaw proper, C, and the sides of said trough, a recessthrough which said rod D passes.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of a fixed jaw, provided with a rack, a movable jaw provided with ways, a slide, supported on said ways, one or more d ogs, supported on said slide and adapted to engage said rack, an actuating-rod, journaled in said movable jaw, and a cam, carried by said rod and adapted to move said slide, as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of a fixed jaw, provided with a rack, a movable jaw, a slide, supported on said movable jaw, two dogs, fulcrumed on said slide and arranged separately to engage said rack, another slide, supported on said movable jaw, springs or cushions, carried by said last-named slide and caused by the forward movement of said last-named slide to press said dogs against said rack, an actuating-rod, journaled in said movable jaw, and a cam, carried by said actuating rod and adapted to move both of said slides, as and for the purpose speciiied.

3. The combination of a iixed jaw, provided with a rack, a movable jaw, a slide, supported on said movable jaw, two dogs, fulcrumed on said slide and arranged separately to engage said rack, another slide, supported on said 'movable jaw, springs or cushions, carried by said last-named slide and caused by the forward movement of said last-named slide to press said dogs against said rack, a spring, arranged to throw said dog-carrying slide backward with reference to said iixed jaw, and another spring arranged to throw said cushion-carrying slide backward with reference to said dog-carrying slide, an actuating- IOO IIO

IZO

rod j ournaled in said movable jaw, and a cam, carried by said actuating-rod and adapted to move both of said slides, as and for the purpose specified.

l. The combination of a fixed jaw, adapted to be secured to a work-bench flush with the top thereof, a movable jaw, sliding on said fixed jaw and provided with a recess, an actuating-rod, journaled in said movable jaw and passing through said recess, and a supplementary jaw, adapted to enter said recess and to be retained thereby in a vertical position and to extend above said iixed jaw and work-bench, said supplementary jaw being provided with slots of diiierent lengths each oi' said slots being adapted to receive said actuating-rod and by the length of such slot to determine the distance to which said supplementary j aw extends above said fixed jaw, as and for the purpose specified.

The combination of the movable jaw, provided with inwardly-projecting ears, the actuatingrod having a front journal which turns in a hole in said jaw and having a rear journal eonsistin g of an annular groove which turns in a notch in said jaw, the cam fast on said rod7 the cushion-carrying slide, movable and a spring, arranged to force said dog-can rying slide backward against said cam and to prevent the lifting of said slides and said aetuating-rod, as and for the purpose specifi ed.

G. The combination of a fixed jaw, provided with a rack, a movable jaw, aslide, supported on said movable jaw, two dogs, fulcrumed on said slide and arranged separately to engage said rack, another slide, supported on said movable jaw, springs or cushions, carried by said last-named slide and caused by the forward movement of said last-named slide to press said dogs against said rack, an actuating-rod, journaled in said movable jaw, and a cam, carried by said actuating-rod and having a cam-surface arranged in contact with the rear ends of both of said slides, that portion of said camsurface in contact with said spring-earrying slide, when said dogs are out of such engagement, having a greater pitch than the remaining portion thereof to move said dogs quickly against said rack, when said cam is turned, as and for the purpose specified.

In witness whereof I have signed this specifieation, in the presence of two attesting witnesses, this 26th day of September, A. D. 189:3.

ALBERT VIHTE.

XVitnesses:

ALBERT M. MOORE, GHRIs'rINA GILLARD.

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