US554938A - Leonhard lederer - Google Patents
Leonhard lederer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US554938A US554938A US554938DA US554938A US 554938 A US554938 A US 554938A US 554938D A US554938D A US 554938DA US 554938 A US554938 A US 554938A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- acids
- phenols
- phenoxacetic
- lederer
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 42
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 36
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 28
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Eugenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- PETRWTHZSKVLRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Creosol Chemical compound COC1=CC(C)=CC=C1O PETRWTHZSKVLRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002126 Creosote Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000005770 Eugenol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002217 Eugenol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000006173 Larrea tridentata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007588 Larrea tridentata Species 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N P-Cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000016639 Syzygium aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000005147 Syzygium aromaticum Species 0.000 description 2
- MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thymol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1O MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005844 Thymol Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Substances CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 creosote Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000008049 diazo compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LCPDWSOZIOUXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 LCPDWSOZIOUXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930007823 thymol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229960000790 thymol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
- C07C59/58—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/64—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C59/66—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups containing six-membered aromatic rings the non-carboxylic part of the ether containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C59/68—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups containing six-membered aromatic rings the non-carboxylic part of the ether containing six-membered aromatic rings the oxygen atom of the ether group being bound to a non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C59/70—Ethers of hydroxy-acetic acid, e.g. substitutes on the ring
Definitions
- phenoxyacetic acids or glycolphenylether acids The phenoxacetic acids, the most simple of Which-viz., was produced several years ago by Heintz,
- the crystalline cake formed by pressure is lixiviated with warm water, whereby sodium metacresox-acetate is dissolved while sodium paracrcsox-acetate remains behind the phenoxacetic acidscribed, of the tit-ies of mixed and is freed by recrystallizing from boiling Water, from the last traces of the metacresoxacetate salt.
- the reaction product can be decomposed directly by hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid.
- the crude cresoxacetic acids are then first heated with ,a little warm benzene whereby the meta compound is dissolved.
- Process II One part paracresoxacetic acid and eight parts hydrochloric acid are heated to 200 to 210 Centigrade for two hours. The
- paracresol liberated is then freed by distillation in a current of steam from small quansubstances.
- the decompositionof the homologous phenoxacetic acids is eifected in like manner.
- carvakrol, eugenol, guajakol and creosol which consists in subjecting the said substances to the action of chloracetic acid in the presence of alkaline lye, then treating the alkaline salts thus produced with suitable mineral acids to produce therefrom separate phenoxacetic acids, and treating said phcnoxacetic acids with mineral acids to produce phenols, substantially as described.
Description
operations being necessary, such as the break- UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE.
LEONIIABD LEDERER, OF MUNICH, GERMANY.
PROCESS OF OBTAINING PHENOLS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,938, dated February 18, 1896.
Application filed October 9,
189 1. Serial No. 525,408. (No specimens.) laten'ted inGei-many April 3, 1894, No. 79,514; in
France September 13941 l,670; in Belgium September 26, 1894,110. 112,013; in England September 26, 1894, No. 18,272; in Italy September 30,1894, XXIX, 37,308, and LXXII'I, 120; in Austria. October 29, 1894, N0- Pi 5,710,
and in Hungary March 12, 1895,110. 2,381.
To all whom it 177 661] concern:
Be it known that I, LEONHARD LEDERER, doctor of philosophy, a subject of the King of Bavaria, residing at Munich, in the Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in Processes of Obtaining Pure Phenols from Mixtures, (for which I have obtained patents in Germany, No. 79,511, dated April- 3, 1894; in Austria, No. sit/5,710, dated October 29, 1891; in l-Iungary, No. 2,381, dated March 12, 1895; n France, No. 211,670, dated" September :0, 1891; in Belgium, No. 112,013, da d September 2b, 189-1; in Italy, Reg. Gen, ol. XXIX, No. 37,308, Reg. Att.,,Vol. LXXIII, No. 120, dated September 30, 1891, and in England, No. 18,27 2, dated September 26, 1894,) of which the following is a specification.
In order to obtain phenols in a pure state that is to say, free fromisomers and .homologues-it has hitherto been necessary to start from suit-able aromatic amido compounds, which were diazotized. In order to obtain favorable results the primary materials had to be in the purest possible condition and the diazo compounds had to be decomposed by steam. Although this method is generally applicable, yet it is almost without value for industrial purposes, because the process from the raw material (hydrocarbon) to the final product (phenol) is much too complex, many ing up of the hydrocarbons, nitration and separation of the isomeric nitro compounds, reduction and diazotation. For this reason it has often been attempted to'utilize for the manufacture of phenols the inexpensive crude phenols as they are obtained-for ex ample, as by-products in the manufacture of carbolic acid, and generally in the distillationof tar, or as they occur in vegetable oils. This, however, has not been practically successful, because the most careful and frequently-repeated fractioning of the free phenols or their ethers does not attain the desired result.
I have found that-the result is attained by converting the phenols, by means of chloracctic acid, into phenoxacetic acids, such as presence of sodaye.
phenoxyacetic acids or glycolphenylether acids. The phenoxacetic acids, the most simple of Which-viz., was produced several years ago by Heintz,
(Fahrcsbcricht 'itbevtdie Fortschriiiedc'r Che mic, 1859, p. 361,) are more or lessknown. After I had ascertained that the phenoxacetic acids are readily decomposed at a high temperature by mineral acids, and can be sep arated in a simple manner in the form of their sodium salts or as free acids, I undertook successfully the problem of effecting condensation between chloracetic acid and phenols in such a manner as to coincide as closely as possible with the theory. This, according to the literature on the subject hitherto accessible (Giacosa,'JowrnaZ fit?" Prakt'ische Ohemie, N. F. 19, 396; Fritzsche in the same, 20, 269) has only been effected either incompletely or at the sacrifice of the purity of the products, accompanied by difficulty of operating in a practical manner.
I heat to 100 to 120 centigrade for several hours the phenols with chloracetic acid in the The sodium phenoxacetates thus produced are separated either as the s alt-s, or after decomposing them by acids, in the form of the free 'phenoxacetic acids. Thus it is possible to effect with accuracy and certainty the. separation of the phenols, employing readily obtainable primary materials and simple steps of operations, and thus to fulfill all the conditions necessary for practical manufacture.
' Process I.-Ten parts crude cresol, nine parts chloracetic acid and thirty-three parts soda-lye, at twenty-five per cent strength, are heated to 100 to 120 centigradc for about twelve hours. The mixture sets when cold in a thick'semifiuid crystalline mass, from which there is separated by pressure a lye consisting of sodium orthocresox-acetate mixed with an equal quantity of uncombined cresols. These can be readily separated by washing out with ether or by blowing steam through the mixture. The crystalline cake formed by pressure is lixiviated with warm water, whereby sodium metacresox-acetate is dissolved while sodium paracrcsox-acetate remains behind the phenoxacetic acidscribed, of the tit-ies of mixed and is freed by recrystallizing from boiling Water, from the last traces of the metacresoxacetate salt. After removal, as above deuncombined cresols, the reaction product can be decomposed directly by hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid. The crude cresoxacetic acids are then first heated with ,a little warm benzene whereby the meta compound is dissolved. By means of boiling benzene (about four times the volume of the solid matter) the para acid is taken up,while the orthocresox-acetic acid remains behind owing to its being less soluble. In the same manner may be decomposed mixtures of other phenols, such as creosote, or oil of cloves.
Process II One part paracresoxacetic acid and eight parts hydrochloric acid are heated to 200 to 210 Centigrade for two hours. The
paracresol liberated is then freed by distillation in a current of steam from small quansubstances. The decompositionof the homologous phenoxacetic acids is eifected in like manner.
* I claim- I 1. The herein-described process for obtaining pure phenols from substances containing them, such as crude cresols, xylenols, thymol,
carvakrol, eugenol, guajakol and creosol, which consists in subjecting the said substances to the action of chloracetic acid in the presence of alkaline lye, then treating the alkaline salts thus produced with suitable mineral acids to produce therefrom separate phenoxacetic acids, and treating said phcnoxacetic acids with mineral acids to produce phenols, substantially as described.
2. The herein-described process of producing phenoxacetic acids, from substances containing phenols, which consists in treating said substances with chloracetic acid in the presence of soda-lye, to produce sodium phenoxacetates, then treating said sodium salts with diluted mineral acids to produce a mixture of phenoxacetic acids, and separating the several phenoxacetic acids by fractional solution or crystallization, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
LEONIIARD LEDERER.
Witnesses 4 LEONHARD WARKER, GEORG Conn.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US554938A true US554938A (en) | 1896-02-18 |
Family
ID=2623676
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US554938D Expired - Lifetime US554938A (en) | Leonhard lederer |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US554938A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2493126A (en) * | 1943-04-21 | 1950-01-03 | Ici Ltd | Manufacture of chlorinated phenoxy compounds |
US2511784A (en) * | 1950-06-13 | Compositions containing z | ||
US2585875A (en) * | 1947-09-11 | 1952-02-12 | Standard Oil Dev Co | 4-tertiary alkyl chlorophenoxyacetic acids and the use thereof as plant hormone synergists |
US2623900A (en) * | 1948-09-01 | 1952-12-30 | Sandoz Ag | Method for the preparation of polyether acetic acids |
US2742497A (en) * | 1951-12-29 | 1956-04-17 | Sun Oil Co | Recovery of naphthenic acids from other petroleum constituents |
-
0
- US US554938D patent/US554938A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2511784A (en) * | 1950-06-13 | Compositions containing z | ||
US2493126A (en) * | 1943-04-21 | 1950-01-03 | Ici Ltd | Manufacture of chlorinated phenoxy compounds |
US2585875A (en) * | 1947-09-11 | 1952-02-12 | Standard Oil Dev Co | 4-tertiary alkyl chlorophenoxyacetic acids and the use thereof as plant hormone synergists |
US2623900A (en) * | 1948-09-01 | 1952-12-30 | Sandoz Ag | Method for the preparation of polyether acetic acids |
US2742497A (en) * | 1951-12-29 | 1956-04-17 | Sun Oil Co | Recovery of naphthenic acids from other petroleum constituents |
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