US552580A - Excavator - Google Patents

Description

3 sheets-sheen 1.

(mj Model.) A, y v` J-KBWLEY EXGVATOR 10.552,580. Patented Jam?, 1896.

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(-No Model.) l f J. KEWLEY.

EXGAVATOR.

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Patente-3d Jan. 7, 1896.

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UNITED STATES 9 4PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES KEVLEY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

EXCAVATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 552,580, dated January 7, 1896.

` Application `filed June 24, 1895. Serial No. 553,789. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES KEWLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Toledo, Lucas county, Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Excavators, of which the following is a specification.

In the use of steam excavatingemachines for digging ditches, constructing sewers, and the like a common difficulty encountered has been that thedipper or shovel employed has interfered with the banks or sides of the eX- cavation, so that instead of making a cut with p smooth slopes or sides the cut has been ragged and uneven. This is owing to the fact that when the crane upon which the shovel or dipper is mounted is swung to the right or left of the central line of the excavatingmachine the cut of the dipper has been on lines radiat; ing from the mast of the crane and corre sponding with the angle at which` the crane is set My invention relates to and its object is Ito provide means for overcoming the difficulty here pointed out; to provide an attachment for an excavating-machine by means of which the clipper or shovel shall be enabled to cut on lines parallel with the central line of themachine, regardless of the angle at which the crane shall be set, and to so construct a dipper i or shovel that its bail and other appurtenances shall not come in contact with the banks or prevent an even surface being formed by the shovel or dipper.` I attain these objects by means of the `mechanism and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, and shown and; illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

`made part hereof, in which i Figure 1 is aside elevation of myidevice; Fig. 2, a plan view and diagram of` part of the same, that part of the mast 2O hereinafter referred to above the sheaves 20e, hereinafter referred to, being .removed `and the supple` mental mast 2, hereinafter referred to, being alsoremoved; Fig. 3, a plan view illustrating the mode of pivotally connecting the outer extremity of the crane andthe supplemental boom or extension-piece, hereinafterreferred to; Fig. 4, a side elevatiompartly in section, of the same; Fig. `5, an elevation, partly in section, of a mast andbrace, hereinafter referred to Fig. 6, an elevation ofimy crane without its attachment in 4use as in a ycommon Inthe drawings, 1 represents acar, wagon,

or other vehicle, upon which is mounted a crane, consisting of the usual mast 2, boom 3, and brace `4L. This crane is provided with the usual swinging circle 5, by means of which `the crane is swung by rope or chain passing i around said circle in theusual manner, and which need not be further described. At the outer extremityof the crane, near the meeting-point of the brace and boom 3 4, is pivotally attached, as hereinafter described, a sup` y plemental boomhor extension-piece (i, prefer-l ably inclined downwardly and provided with a swinging circle 7, actuated by rope or chain 8, leading preferably-to a drum 9 on the crane, governed by a small engine 10,` mounted on the crane, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The supplemental boom or extension-piece 6 is `made in two pieces with a space between the two for thel dipper-arin 11, provided with the usual rack 12, engaged by pinion 13, j ournaled in the two pieces `forming boom 6. `shaft of pinion 13 are fixed friction-wheels 14,

Upon the engaged by friction-straps 15, adapted to be tightened or loosened by means of lever 16.

`From this lever leads a rod or cord(not shown in the drawings) to within convenient reach i of the operator. The dipper stick or handle 11 carries at its lower end a dipper or shovel 17,' which is raised and lowered by means of chain 18, leading over pulley 19, journaled on extension-piece `6 to the hoisting-drum on the car. i `(Not shown` in the drawings.)

l In applying my supplemental boom or `eX- tension-piece 6 to an excavator-crane, itis necessary to bracethis extension from the car,

so thatV it shall not yield to `the heavy strains to whichit issaibjected.` `.To accomplish this i `I provide the mast 2 with an `extension 2a,

stepped or seated at its lower end in a sleeve 2b, which is loose uponlthe mast 2. `Tothis .sleeve `is secured the swinging circlieV `and the eXtension-inastf2, andthey together ro-j i tate upon the upper end of mast 2, which is stationary. The top of extension-mast 2 is loosely socketed in a stationary cap 2C, from which lead to the car braces 2l. The swinging circle 5 is braced and supported by rods or braces 5fL leading from the circle to the upper part of extension-mast 2. Upon the outer extremity of the crane 2 3 4L is set a short mast 20. This mast at bottom is square, as at 20, (see Fig. 5,) and is stepped in a square socket, as at 20, (see Figs. and 4,) in the top of boom 3, which prevents the turning of the mast 2O upon its longitudidal axis. The extreme lower part of this mast 2OC is round and forms a stout bolt or pin, passing through the jaw of the outer extremityof boom 3 (see Fig. 6) and through the tongue or tenon (5 of the supplemental boom or extensionpiece 6, where the two are united, forming a pivot upon which the extension-boom swings. This mast immediately above its seat has formed upon it, and preferably integral therewith, a housing 20, (see Fig. 5,) in which are journaled two guide-sheaves 20C, between which passes the hoisting-chain 1S, the two guidesheaves permitting the chain to run freely, regardless of the direction in which the supplemental boom G may be turned. The top of the mast 2O is reduced in size, as at 20f, and is provided with a shoulder, as at 20S', which takes loosely a sleeve 21 resting upon the shoulder 20g. To the extreme upper part of mast 20 is rigidly secured a cap 22. (See Fig. 1.) From the top of extension-mast 2, and swinging therewith, lead brace- rods 23 and 24, the former being secured at its outer extremity to the cap 22 on mast 20,and the latter being secured at its outer end to the outer extremity of the crane-boom 3. From the revoluble sleeve 21 on the mast 20, and from the swinging circle 7, lead braces 25, attached at their outer ends to the outer extremity of extension-piece 0. From sleeve 21 also lead braces 2G, secured at their lower ends to and supporting swinging circle 7 upon the supplemental boom. It will be seen that this arrangement of braces permits the crane to be swung upon its mast without interfering with the braces leading from the mast 2 to the car and permits the extension-piece G to be swung upon its pivotal support independently of the crane without interfering with the braces by which it is stayed and strengthened.

My dipper or shovel is provided with a bail 17,, (see Figs. 7, S, and 9,) dipper-handle connections 17", and brace connections 17. The inner margin of the upper edge of the dipper has securely riveted thereto an iron strip 17d bent at intervals, as shown in Fig. 9, to leave a space or recess between this iron strip and the side of the dipper or shovel. Into the forward pair of these recesses the ends of the bail 17 a are pivotally secured by pins 17 f passing through the side of the shovel,through the end of the bail, and through the strip 17 The arms 17 b of the dipper-handle 11 are simi larly secured in the other pair of recesses by pins 17 and brace 17c enga-ges the extremities of the forward band or hoop 17 C from the inner side. This arrangement of the pivotal supports of the dipper or shovel upon its inner sides presents acomparatively smooth and unbroken surface to the banks or slopes of the cut and obviates the ragged and uneven surfaces necessarily resulting from the use of excavator-shovels of ordinary construction, in which the pivotal supports are on the outside of t-he shovel.

The operation of my device as thus far described is as follows: Assuming that the parts are assembled as stated, that the machine is in position, and that a dit-ch, trench, or like excavation is to be made, rack and pinion 12 15 are held by means of friction wheel and band li 15, chain 18 is paid out, and dipper 17 swings downwardly until its teeth engage the earth, the dipper-handle meanwhile being allowed to descend by loosening the grip of friction-bandl onits wheel 14C. The dipper-handle is now held against yielding longitudinally by means of the friction band and wheel, while the hoisting-engine pulls upon the chain 18, causing the shovel to cut its way toward the car 1 until it is clear of the earth. The crane 2 23 4 is now swung to any desired point, the shovel or dipper is dumped in the usual manner, and the crane is swung back in position for the next cut of the dipper or shovel. lf the cut of the shovel is to be on either side of the central line of the machine, and if the cut is to be parallel with such central line, thc

crane is swung in the usual manner, while engine 10l on the crane of the machine is set in motion, thereby causing rope S to be paid out from one side of the drum 9 and wound upon the other side of the drum, as shown in Fig. 2,thus swinging the circle 7, and with it the extension-piece or boom G, at an angle to the crane, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 2. The cutting and dumping operations are now performed in the same manner as hereinbefore described, and it will be seen that no matter at what angle the crane may be set the supplemental boom G may be set straight ahead, so that the cuts of the dipper or shovel shall always be parallel with each other, thus obviating the radial cuts which impart to the bank or slope a ragged and uneven appearance. As the work progresses, the machine is backed away from the cut., the operation of the dipper or shovel being i constantly toward the machine. I do not, however, limit my invention to a dipper cutting toward the machine, as it is quite obvious that with slight modifications, my machine could be made to operate inthe opposite direction. The method of construction and operation shown will, however, be found preferable in practice.

Then it is desired to use my machine for the purposes for which an excavating-machine is commonly used, the braces 23, 25 and 26 maybe removed, mast 2O unstepped, rope S IOO IIO

removed fromits drum and the extensionpiece or boom 6 with its attachments slipped from its place, and the dipper and its handle and hoisting-chain may be reversed and placed in the crane in the usual manner, as illustrated in Fig. 8.

That I claim as'my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In an excavating machine,a crane in combination with a supplemental boom or eXtension-piece, means for pivotally securing said boom or extension-piece to and suspending it 4from the outer end of said crane, means for swinging said crane, and means for swinging said supplemental boom or extension-piece independently of each other, and a dipper or shovel operatively mounted upon said eXtension-piece whereby said dipper may be caused to cut in parallel lines, substantiallyT as and for the purpose speciied.

2. In an excavating machine, a crane, a supplemental boom or extension-piece pivotally secured to said crane, a mast or brace post (20,) on the outer extremity of and rigid with said crane, braces connecting said'mast with the opposite end of said crane, and braces pivotally connecting said mast with said pivoted extension-piece, in combination with means for swinging said crane, and means for swinging said extension-piece independently of said crane, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In combination with an excavator-crane, and an extension-piece pivotally attached thereto, a mast or brace-post mounted rigidly on the outer extremity of said crane, a housing in said mast, guide-sheaves in said housing, a dipper or shovel mounted on said extensionpiece, and a hoisting-chain running between -said guide-sheaves and secured to said clipper JAMES KEWLEY.

In presence of- D. C. WALTER, W. P. TYLER.

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