US544578A

US544578A - Electric-arc lamp

Info

Publication number: US544578A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1895-08-13
Anticipated expiration: 1912-08-13

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. H. J. HAINES 8u A. B. FERNALD. ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

Patented Aug' (No Model.)

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(No Model.)

No. 544,578. Patented Aug. 13,1895.

@fain HMM@ da. Ef'erfm' UNITED STATES `PATENT OEErcE.

JOHN H. J. HAINES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND ALEXANDER B. FERNALD,

OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATIONfOrming part of Letters Patent No. 544,578, dated August 13, 1895.

Application filed November 20, 1894:. Serial No. 529,380. (No model.) v

To all whom t may con/cern.:

Be it known that we, JOHN I-I. J. HAINES, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, and ALEXAN- DER B. FERNALD, residing` at Jersey City, in the county of I-Iudson and State of New Jersey, citizens of the United Staies,-have in'- vented a certain new and useful Arc Lamp, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to feeding mechanism for electric-arc lamps, and has for its object the construction of a feeding and a feedregulating device which shall be constant and steady in its action, and which shall be operable upon aeontinuous-current circuit or upon an alternating-current circuit.

To this end my invention consists inthe combination, with a screw-formed carbon-carrier held against rotation while allowed to reciprocate, of a nut on said carrier adapted to be freely rotated by the movement thereof, and provided with an extended friction-surface with which a friction-detent engages for the purpose of regulating the movement of the carbon-carrier by effecting a gradual decrease in the rotation of the nut as it comes to rest upon a fixed support and a gradual increase in the rotation thereof as it is lifted from said support, thereby maintaining an even feed.

It also consists in the construction and cornbination of parts, as hereinafter described andclaimed. l

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation, partially in section, of a lamp constructed to be operated upon an alternating-current circuit. Fig. 2 is a plan of said lamp. Fig. 3 is a partial sectionized side elevation taken at an angle of ninety degrees from the position seen in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through the feeding mechanism of the lamp, taken in the plane, represented by the line 4 4 in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the same feeding mechanism applied toa continuous-circuit lamp. Fig. 6 is a plan of said lamp, the upper plate being removed. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a detail of the feeding mechanism, as shown in Fig. 5.

In Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings, S represents the base of the lamp, which may be made of any suitable insulating material, but preferably of slate. From the base depends side rods 9, one of which, as usual, may be made hollow for the insertion of the conductor leading to the lower carbon. The lower-carbon holder is supported from a cross-piece joining said rods and may be of any suitable construction. It is here shown, however, as consisting of a clamp 7, screwed upon the end of a bolt 6, passing through a boss in the crosspiece considerably larger than the bolt and insulated from said cross-piece at the top by a slate'bushing 5 and at the bottom by an asbestos washer 4. A screw 3 is inserted in said bolt for clamping the wire 2 leading to the lower carbon.

Upon the upper side of the base rests the frame for the feeding mechanism, which consists of the lower plate lO and the upper plate 1l, supported upon the posts 12. This frame is secured to the base ot`,the lamp by means of the hollow bolt 13 audits nut 14. Through this hollow nut and the upper plate 11 passes the upper-carbon carrier or rod 15. To this is attached the carbon-holder 16, of any preferred form. This carbon carrier is screwthreaded throughout its entire length, which, thread isof a pitch sufficiently coarse to allow it to rotate by its own gravity through a nut held stationary. Upon this screw-threaded rod is placed a nut, as 17, shown provided with a flange 18.

In practice the screw-threaded carrier, instead of rotating as it descends through the nut, is held stationary by any suitable means,

such as a spline and groove, while the nut is allowed to rotate, and by the regulation of the rotation of the nut the descent of said carrier is controlled. The spline and groove may be arranged in any suitable manner, but we have shown the spline as formed in the hollow nut 13, as at 19, and the groove formed longitudinally of the carrier parallel to the axis thereof, as at 20.

For controlling the rotation of nut 13 any suitable restraining device may beemployed.

other than the one shown, which is intended to operate-by friction-upon the flange 1S. This device consists of a bar 21, supported vertically and adapted to reciprocate through ways formed in the upper and lower plates ICO 11 and 10, upon which bar are located

projections

22 and 23, passing at either side of the flange 18. The bar 21 is moved by means of a lever 24, shown pivoted in lugs 25, depending from the upper plate 11. It passes through an aperture in bar 21, and is pivoted to the core 2G of magnet 27, here shown as a solenoid. At the opposite end of said lever is attached a counterbalaucingweight 28, and also one end of a dash-pot 29, which is pivoted at its other end to lugs rising from the lower plate 10. From this it will be seen that any movement of the core 26 will cause a movement of the bar 21. A suitable stop, as 30, is shown as connected to the posts 12 for limiting the upward movement of the nut 17, particularly at the time of trimming. In trimming, the manipulation of the feeding mechanism to release the upper-carbon carrier is usually effected by means of a rod 31,

pivoted to the lever 24, and extending through an aperture in the base 3 to the under side thereof. The circuit of this lamp, as indicated in Fig. 2, is from the source of supply through magnet 27 to the frame, from the frame by brush 32 to the upper-carbon carrier, thence through the carbons to the insulated conductor extending through the hol low rod 9, and to the source of supply.

The operation of the feeding mechanism is as follows: Said mechanism being substantially in the position shown with the carbone together, the current on being turned on will draw core 26 down and bar 21 up, causing projection 23 from said bar to engage the under side of the flange 18, between which there will be sufficient friction to prevent the nut 17 from rotating, and so lift the carrier l5 until the proper length of arc is produced. Then as the arc lengthens the core will rise from the magnet, the bar 2l will descend until the nut rests upon the surface of nut 13, when the further descent of bar 21 will lessen the friction between

parts

23 and 18 sufficiently to allow the nut to rotate and the carrier to descend. When the proper length of arc is obtained the rod 2l will be slightly raised to check the rotation of nut 18. By the adjustment of weight 28 a proper balance of the parts is attained, and by the use of the dash-pot 29 the too sudden operation of the feeding mechanismis prevented. Projection 22 upon bar 21 acts as a limiting-stop to prevent, by engaging the upper surface of disk 1S, the rapid whirling and consequent risc of nut 17 upon the carrier when the rapid descent of the carrier is stopped by the carbons coming together. In this way the nut is retained in proper position for immediate engagement by projection 23 upon an increase of current through the magnet, thus facilitating the striking of the are. The rotation of nut 17 is also impeded when at rest upon nut 13 by the friction between it and nut 13. y

In the trimming operation a rod 31, which is attached to lever 24E and passes down through the base, is pushed up, causing bar 21 to descend and disengage the friction device from the nut, when the carbon-carrier may be readily manipulated. When bar 2l is at its lowest point projection 23 rests upon the plate 10 and nut 17 upon nut 13, the iiange 1S being' at that instant free from engagement by either of

projections

22 or 23.

In the continuouscurrent-circuit lamp shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the feeding mechanism is more simple than that already described. In this lamp the magnet 33 maybe variously located, but is here shown secured to the upper plate, in which position its core 31 tends to fall out of the magnet- To this core is pivoted a lever 35, which is split to pass the carboncarrier 15, and is pivoted at 36 in a bracket 37 upon the post 3S. The short end of lever 35 passes into an aperature formed in the reciprocating bar 21, whose lower guide is in bracket 37 and whose upper guide is in a bracket 39 upon post 3S. In this lamp magnet 33 is shown in a shunt-circnit, the main circuit of the lamp being from a source of supply to the frame of the feeding mechanism, thence by brush 32 to the carbon-carrier 15 through the carbons and back to the source through the insulated wire in rod 9, the shunt extending from the brush through the coil of magnet 33 to the insulated conductor as it leaves rod 9.

The operation of this lamp is as follows: The parts of the feeding mechanism being in position substantially as show11,with the carbons separated, the current being turned on, it is obvious will be through the shunt-exciting magnet 33, which on drawing up its core will tilt the lever 35, lower rod 21 until nut 17 rests upon nut 13, and rod 21 upon descending a little farther will discngagc projection 23 from flange 1S and come in contact with the lower plate 10 before projection 22 can strike flange 13, thereby leaving nut 17 to rotate, with no other hinderance than the friction between it and nut 13. As the current then flows through the main circuit, core 33 will gradually descend, bringing projection 23 into engagement with flange 1S, thereby preventing the rotation of nut 17 and lifting the nut and carboncarrier as said core descends. When the arc begins to lengthen the core will again be gradually drawn up and the upper carbon fed down. In this lamp I also provide a rod 31 connected to lever 35 or to the core 34, so that by pushing said rod upwardly the restraint upon nut 17 may be released and the carrier easily manipulated. The means for retarding the rotation of nut 17 may be greatly varied in form, location, and operation without departing from the gist of the invention involved in this feature, which resides in a suitable detent, clamping device, friction device, or like restraining means acting upon nut 17 to govern its rotation and so regulate the feeding of the upper carbon and assist in striking the arc. XVe have shown this special plan of IOC' feeding as adapted to the two principal'forms of arc lamps, but do not lay any stress upon' the location ofthe controlling-magnet or the lmanner of inserting the same in the circuit of the lamp.

In the shunt shown in Fig. 5 any of the usual forms of cut-out may be used, the insertion and operation of which are well understood by electricians, and are therefore not shown.

VVhat we claim as our invention is 1. In an electric aro lamp, the combination with a carbon carrier in the form of a reciprocating non-rotating screw, of a nut rotated by the reciprocation of the carrier and provided with an extended flange, a iixed support upon which said nut may rest during the free descent of the carrier, a reciprocating friction detent adapted to engage said tiange near its periphery, and means for regulating the engagement between said detent and iiange so as to effect a gradual decrease in the rotation of said nut as it is lifted from its fixed support and to effect a gradual increase in itsrotation as it is lowered upon said support, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with a carbon carrier in the form of a reciprocatin g non-rotatin g screw and a nut rotated by the reciprocation of said carrier and provided with a flange, ofa reciprocating bar connected to and operated by the controllingv magnet of the lamp, a projection upon said bar for engaging one surface of said flange for lifting the nut and carrier, and another proj ection on said bar for engaging the opposite surface of said iange to limit the rise of the nut on the carrier, as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In an electric arc lamp, t'ne combination with a carbon carrier in the form of a reciprocating non-rotating screw and a nut rotated by the reci procation of said carrier and provided with a friction surface, of a reciprocating bar provided with a projection for engaging said friction surface, and a lever pivoted tothe frame of the lamp and connected to said bar and to the movable part of the controlling magnet of the lamp, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with a carbon carrier in the form of a reciprocating non-rotating screw and a nut rotated by the reciprocation of said carrier and provided with a friction surface, of a reciproeating bar provided with a projection for engaging said friction surface, a counterbalanced lever pivoted to the frame of the lamp and connected to said bar and to the movable part of the controlling magnet, and a dashpot connected to said lever, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In an electric aro lamp, the combination with the base, of a frame for the feeding mechanism, ahollow bolt connecting said base and frame and provided with a spline on its inner surface, a carbon carrier in the form of a screw passing through said bolt and provided with a groove extending longitudinally thereof to receive said spline, a `nut free to rotate upon said carrier, and means for regulating the rotation of said nut, substantially as set forth.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 17th day of November, A. D. 1894.

JOHN H. J. HAINES. ALEXANDER B. FERNAIID.

Witnesses:

WM. H. CAPEL, HENRY I. HiRsoHY.