US5413626A - Process for the wet cleaning of gases - Google Patents

Process for the wet cleaning of gases Download PDF

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Publication number
US5413626A
US5413626A US08/139,184 US13918493A US5413626A US 5413626 A US5413626 A US 5413626A US 13918493 A US13918493 A US 13918493A US 5413626 A US5413626 A US 5413626A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gas
line
accelerating
scrubbing
section
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
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US08/139,184
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English (en)
Inventor
Arno Bartsch
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GEA Group AG
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Norddeutsche Affinerie AG
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Assigned to NORDDEUTSCHE AFFINERIE reassignment NORDDEUTSCHE AFFINERIE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BARTSCH, ARNO
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Assigned to METALLGESELLSCHAFT AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment METALLGESELLSCHAFT AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NORDDEUTSCHE AFFINERIE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/10—Venturi scrubbers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/40—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D47/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • My present invention relates to a process and apparatus for the wet cleaning of a gas and, more particularly, to a cleaning process involving the scrubbing of the gas with a liquid, followed by gas/liquid separation.
  • German Patent 960,452 German Patent Publication 1,300,093, and International Application WO 88/03050.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a gas cleaning process which avoids a soiling of the purifying apparatus and which enables scrubbing liquor (i.e. depleted scrubbing liquor) to be discharged from the apparatus on the shortest possible path.
  • scrubbing liquor i.e. depleted scrubbing liquor
  • the gas containing impurities is sprayed with scrubbing liquid in a pre-scrubbing line
  • the gas which comes from the pre-scrubbing line and contains scrubbing liquor is passed through a substantially horizontal accelerating line, which at its entrance has a cross-sectional area that is 1.5 to 8 times larger and preferably 2 to 6 times larger than its cross-sectional area at its exit, additional scrubbing liquor is sprayed into the gas in the accelerating line, and the gas-liquid mixture is passed from the accelerating line into the cyclone separator.
  • the gas is advantageously sprayed in the accelerating line with larger liquid droplets than in the pre-scrubbing line.
  • the smaller droplets from the pre-scrubbing line combine in the accelerating line with the larger liquid droplets in the accelerating line.
  • the scrubbing liquor is sprayed at a low velocity from the spraying means into the gas in the accelerating line.
  • Each of the pre-scrubbing and accelerating lines are provided with at least one sprayer.
  • Each line may readily be provided with more than one sprayer. In most cases it will be sufficient to provide each of the pre-scrubbing and accelerating lines with two sprayers.
  • the scrubbing liquor is preferably sprayed in the accelerating line at a lower rate than in the pre-scrubbing line.
  • the sprayers may be supplied with liquid and atomizing air.
  • the substantially horizontally-extending accelerating line which is traversed at high turbulence, must be sufficiently long for the required contact between the gas and liquid droplets. For this reason it is preferred that its length be 4 to 20 times and, most preferably, 6 to 15 times the diameter of the entrance cross-section of the accelerating duct.
  • the temperature of the treated gas is approximately as high as the temperature of the liquid which flows out of the cyclone. If the scrubbing liquor is recooled in a heat exchanger it will then be possible to cool the gas much more effectively than would be possible, e.g. by an indirect cooling. For this purpose the scrubbing liquor being circulated is recooled in a suitable heat exchanger, e.g. by means of cooling water, before it is sprayed again.
  • the process according to the invention thus comprises the steps of:
  • the apparatus can generally be considered to comprise:
  • a substantially horizontal accelerating line connected directly to and directly following the prescrubbing line and traversed by the gas, the accelerating line having an entrance flow cross section substantially 1.5 to 8 times the cross sectional area of an exit flow cross section and tapering between the entrance flow cross section and the exit flow cross section;
  • a separating cyclone connected to the accelerating line at the exit flow cross section and separating a contaminated scrubbing liquid from a cleaned gas
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the gas-cleaning apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the cyclone separator seen in a direction opposite to the direction of the arrow (A) in FIG. 1.
  • the gas which contains impurities, particularly dust, droplets or undesired gaseous components, flows in the direction of the arrow 1 through a pre-scrubbing duct 2, which is preferably provided with two sprayers 3 and 4 spaced apart in the direction of flow.
  • the scrubbing liquor may consist, e.g. of water, which is supplied via lines 5 and 6. Fresh water is added through line 7.
  • the treatment of the gas may also serve to cool and/or chemically change the gas.
  • the pre-scrubbing duct 2 is followed by an accelerating duct 8, the entrance cross-section of which is in the plane represented by the broken line I and which continuously tapers to its exit cross-section, which is the plane indicated by the broken line II.
  • the accelerating duct 8 opens into the cylindrical upper portion of a cyclone separator 10, see also FIG. 2, in which the liquid and gas are separated.
  • the cleaned gas flows off in the direction of the arrow A through the pure-gas line 11.
  • Liquid which contains impurities is collected in the lower portion of the cyclone 10 and flows through the line 12 into a collecting tank 13.
  • the gas and the liquid droplets flow at different velocities to improve the contact between the gas and liquid and to facilitate the separation of the multiphase mixture in the cyclone separator.
  • the scrubbing liquor can be fed from the collecting tank 13 by the pump 15 through line 14 to a hydrocyclone 16, from which sludge water is withdrawn through line 17. Scrubbing liquor, which has partly been freed from the solids by the hydrocyclone 16, is recycled in line 5 for a renewed use.
  • the line 5 may include an indirect cooler 9, if desired.
  • the gas which has been sprayed with liquid in the pre-scrubbing duct 2 is then fed into the accelerating duct 8 and in the latter is again sprayed with scrubbing liquor.
  • the two sprayers 20 and 21 are provided. They are also spaced apart in the gas flow direction.
  • the gas is sprayed in the accelerating duct 8 with larger liquid droplets than in the pre-scrubbing duct 2. This is particularly achieved in that the scrubbing liquor is caused to exit from the sprayer 20 and 21 into the accelerating duct 8 at a lower velocity than from the sprayers 3 and 4 into the pre-scrubbing duct 2. As a result, the rate at which liquid is sprayed into the accelerating duct 8 is 0.2 to 0.6 times the rate at which liquid is sprayed into the constant-cross-section pre-scrubbing duct 2.
  • the accelerating duct 8 is provided with at least one intermediate outlet 22, from which collected liquid is conducted in line 23 to the collecting tank 13. That withdrawal of liquid results in a considerable decrease of the loading of the cyclone separator 10 with liquid so that the entraining of liquid droplets into the pure-gas line 11 is also decreased.
  • the pre-scrubbing duct 2 may also be provided with at least one intermediate outlet 22a for liquid.
  • the exhaust gas from a metallurgical plant is cleaned by an apparatus which is shown in the drawing.
  • the pre-scrubbing duct 2 has a length of 3 meters and is 0.4 meter in diameter. Scrubbing water is sprayed at two points 3 and 4 disposed at the entrance to the pre-scrubbing duct and in the middle thereof.
  • the pre-scrubbing duct is provided with an intermediate outlet 22a for liquid.
  • the accelerating duct 8 is 3 meters long and its rectangular exit opening into the cyclone 10 has a size of 120 ⁇ 320 mm.
  • the inlet of duct 8 is circular and of a diameter of 0.4 m.
  • the cross section reduction is thus in a ratio of about 3.27:1. Ratios of 4:1 to 2:1 are especially suitable and of 3.5:1 to 3.25:1 are preferred. In the broadest sense the ratio can be 8:1 to 1.5:1 as has been indicated above or even 5:1 to 1.5:1.
  • the accelerating duct is provided with sprayers at two points 20 and 21 for scrubbing water, namely, at the beginning and in the middle of the accelerating duct.
  • the cyclone 10 has a height of 3 meters and an inside diameter of 0.5 meter.
  • Exhaust gas at a temperature of 84° C. and at a velocity of flow of 12.3 m/s is fed to the pre-scrubbing duct at a rate of 4340 standard cubic meters (sm 3 or m ] S.T.P.) per hour.
  • the contents of metal dust and NaOH in the raw exhaust gas are stated in column A of the Table in mg/sm 3 :
  • the spraying stations 3, 4, 20, and 21 are disposed in succession in the direction of flow (see FIG. 1) and have the following data;
  • Air for atomizing the scrubbing liquor was fed to each of the spraying stations 4 and 20 at a rate of 100 m 3 /h under a feed pressure of 3 bars.
  • the cooler 9 is not used and the water to be sprayed has a temperature of 77° C. in line 6.
  • the pure gas is at a temperature of 77° C. as it leaves the cyclone 10 in the duct 11 and contains the residual impurities stated in column B of the Table (in mg/sm 3 ). Under steady-state conditions, the impurities in the water to be sprayed, which is flowing in line 6, are present at the concentrations stated in column C (in mg/liter).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
US08/139,184 1992-12-23 1993-10-19 Process for the wet cleaning of gases Expired - Fee Related US5413626A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4243759A DE4243759C1 (de) 1992-12-23 1992-12-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Naßreinigung von Gasen
DE4243759.8 1992-12-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5413626A true US5413626A (en) 1995-05-09

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Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US5413626A (cs)
EP (1) EP0603919B1 (cs)
JP (1) JPH07171328A (cs)
AT (1) ATE160707T1 (cs)
BG (1) BG60707B1 (cs)
BR (1) BR9304430A (cs)
CA (1) CA2104136A1 (cs)
DE (2) DE4243759C1 (cs)
ES (1) ES2111708T3 (cs)
FI (1) FI105781B (cs)
PL (1) PL174537B1 (cs)
RU (1) RU2121866C1 (cs)
TW (1) TW238255B (cs)
ZA (1) ZA939627B (cs)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5753012A (en) * 1995-12-06 1998-05-19 Krupp Koppers Gmbh Method for the cleaning of flue gases with different contents of acidic components
US20050109209A1 (en) * 2003-11-26 2005-05-26 Lee David B. Air purification system and method
RU2284963C2 (ru) * 2004-10-05 2006-10-10 Открытое акционерное общество " Корпорация ВСМПО-АВИСМА" (ОАО " Корпорация ВСМПО-АВИСМА") Способ получения карбоната кальция из отходящих газов производства извести
US20070077156A1 (en) * 2005-07-13 2007-04-05 Orr Troy J Double diaphragm pump and related methods
US20080063558A1 (en) * 2004-09-10 2008-03-13 Malcolm Coleman Odour Reduction Apparatus
US20080077068A1 (en) * 2005-07-13 2008-03-27 Purity Solutions Llc Diaphragm pump and related methods
US20090137940A1 (en) * 2007-11-26 2009-05-28 Purity Solutions Llc Diaphragm pump and related systems and methods
US8926835B2 (en) 2002-06-04 2015-01-06 Fresenius Medical Care Deustschland Gmbh Dialysis systems and related methods
US8986254B2 (en) 2009-03-20 2015-03-24 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Medical fluid pump systems and related components and methods
US9011114B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2015-04-21 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Medical fluid delivery sets and related systems and methods
US9180240B2 (en) 2011-04-21 2015-11-10 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Medical fluid pumping systems and related devices and methods
EP2942491A1 (de) * 2014-05-09 2015-11-11 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Vorrichtung eines flugtriebwerkes zum abscheiden von öl aus einem luft-öl-volumenstrom
US9421314B2 (en) 2009-07-15 2016-08-23 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Medical fluid cassettes and related systems and methods
US9500188B2 (en) 2012-06-11 2016-11-22 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Medical fluid cassettes and related systems and methods
US9561323B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-02-07 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Medical fluid cassette leak detection methods and devices
US9610392B2 (en) 2012-06-08 2017-04-04 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Medical fluid cassettes and related systems and methods
CN107617299A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-01-23 湖北力帝机床股份有限公司 破碎机防火除尘系统
US10117985B2 (en) 2013-08-21 2018-11-06 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Determining a volume of medical fluid pumped into or out of a medical fluid cassette

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FR2748402B1 (fr) * 1996-05-09 1998-06-26 Inst Francais Du Petrole Installation de traitement de fumees d'incineration ayant un recyclage interne
RU2128078C1 (ru) * 1996-08-29 1999-03-27 Ишмаков Равлен Мазгарович Способ очистки картерных газов
US6168716B1 (en) 1998-08-19 2001-01-02 G.B.D. Corp. Cyclone separator having a variable transverse profile
US6129775A (en) * 1998-08-19 2000-10-10 G.B.D. Corp. Terminal insert for a cyclone separator
US6277278B1 (en) 1998-08-19 2001-08-21 G.B.D. Corp. Cyclone separator having a variable longitudinal profile
US6312594B1 (en) 1998-08-19 2001-11-06 G.B.D. Corp. Insert for a cyclone separator
US6141826A (en) * 1999-01-08 2000-11-07 G.B.D. Corp. Center air feed for cyclonic separator
US6782585B1 (en) 1999-01-08 2004-08-31 Fantom Technologies Inc. Upright vacuum cleaner with cyclonic air flow
US6238451B1 (en) 1999-01-08 2001-05-29 Fantom Technologies Inc. Vacuum cleaner
US6334234B1 (en) 1999-01-08 2002-01-01 Fantom Technologies Inc. Cleaner head for a vacuum cleaner
RU2182843C1 (ru) * 2000-11-27 2002-05-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Сода" Барботажно-вихревой аппарат
RU2239487C1 (ru) * 2003-11-11 2004-11-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ТНП-Комплекс" Устройство для мокрой очистки газов
MX2008003569A (es) * 2008-03-06 2009-09-07 Miguel Angel Caraveo Martinez Equipo ecológico desacelerador del calentamiento global o también llamado sistema purificador de emisiones.
RU2453356C1 (ru) * 2011-05-31 2012-06-20 Эдуард Владимирович Юрьев Установка очистки воздуха
JP5926920B2 (ja) * 2011-10-19 2016-05-25 一般財団法人ファインセラミックスセンター 粒子捕集装置及び噴霧熱分解装置
GB201320305D0 (en) * 2013-11-18 2014-01-01 Nifco Uk Ltd Apparatus for coalescing particles of a first fluid entrained in a flow of a second fluid
RU2571766C1 (ru) * 2014-08-26 2015-12-20 Илшат Минуллович Валиуллин Способ и устройство для мокрой очистки газов
DE102016116171A1 (de) * 2016-08-30 2018-03-01 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Gasstromes
RU2624651C1 (ru) * 2016-10-10 2017-07-05 Олег Савельевич Кочетов Система газопылеочистки воздушных выбросов
RU2668042C2 (ru) * 2017-01-20 2018-09-25 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Газпром Трансгаз Краснодар" Установка очистки дымовых газов

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Cited By (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5753012A (en) * 1995-12-06 1998-05-19 Krupp Koppers Gmbh Method for the cleaning of flue gases with different contents of acidic components
AU701376B2 (en) * 1995-12-06 1999-01-28 Doosan Lentjes Gmbh An installation for purifying flue gases having different contents of acidic components and a method of operating the installation
US9827359B2 (en) 2002-06-04 2017-11-28 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Dialysis systems and related methods
US10471194B2 (en) 2002-06-04 2019-11-12 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Dialysis systems and related methods
US9101709B2 (en) 2002-06-04 2015-08-11 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Dialysis fluid cassettes and related systems and methods
US8926835B2 (en) 2002-06-04 2015-01-06 Fresenius Medical Care Deustschland Gmbh Dialysis systems and related methods
US20050109209A1 (en) * 2003-11-26 2005-05-26 Lee David B. Air purification system and method
US7077892B2 (en) * 2003-11-26 2006-07-18 Lee David B Air purification system and method
US20080063558A1 (en) * 2004-09-10 2008-03-13 Malcolm Coleman Odour Reduction Apparatus
RU2284963C2 (ru) * 2004-10-05 2006-10-10 Открытое акционерное общество " Корпорация ВСМПО-АВИСМА" (ОАО " Корпорация ВСМПО-АВИСМА") Способ получения карбоната кальция из отходящих газов производства извести
US20070077156A1 (en) * 2005-07-13 2007-04-05 Orr Troy J Double diaphragm pump and related methods
US8197231B2 (en) 2005-07-13 2012-06-12 Purity Solutions Llc Diaphragm pump and related methods
US7717682B2 (en) 2005-07-13 2010-05-18 Purity Solutions Llc Double diaphragm pump and related methods
US8932032B2 (en) 2005-07-13 2015-01-13 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Diaphragm pump and pumping systems
US11384748B2 (en) 2005-07-13 2022-07-12 Baxter International Inc. Blood treatment system having pulsatile blood intake
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FI105781B (fi) 2000-10-13
DE4243759C1 (de) 1994-01-20
BR9304430A (pt) 1994-06-28
PL301595A1 (en) 1994-06-27
BG60707B1 (bg) 1996-01-31
BG98240A (bg) 1994-12-02
RU2121866C1 (ru) 1998-11-20
FI935827A0 (fi) 1993-12-23
TW238255B (cs) 1995-01-11
EP0603919A1 (de) 1994-06-29
ES2111708T3 (es) 1998-03-16
CA2104136A1 (en) 1994-06-24
EP0603919B1 (de) 1997-12-03
FI935827L (fi) 1994-06-24
PL174537B1 (pl) 1998-08-31
ZA939627B (en) 1995-06-22
DE59307784D1 (de) 1998-01-15
ATE160707T1 (de) 1997-12-15
JPH07171328A (ja) 1995-07-11

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