US536415A

US536415A - Vacuum-pump

Info

Publication number: US536415A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1895-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 1912-03-26

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

J. L. B-OGERT. VACUUM PUMP.

No. 536,415. Patented Mar. 26, 1895.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. L. BOGBRT.

VACUUM PUMP.

(No Model.)

No.- 536,415. Patented Mar. 26, 1895.

fHHHHUI UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN L. BOGERT, OF FLUSHING, NEW YORK.v

VACUUM-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 536,415, dated March 26, 1895.

Appucnion nea my 21.1894. sesamo. 518.165. (Nomade.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

Be itknown that I, JOHN L. BOGERT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Flushing, in the county of Queens and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Vacuum-Pumps, of which the following is a speciiication.

The steam which passes away from an engine has entered a tube or casefhaving a column of water descending therein through a nozzle, and in some instances the water has been divided into numerous jets or sprays to condense the steam as it falls. The action of this condenser being entirely dependent upon gravity is sometimes inelicient, the wateraccumulating instead of passing away from the vertical pipe to the hot well. The vacnum pumps which have been made use of for taking away the water of condensation from a condenser are usually operated at a considerable loss in the power, because the` iiow of water is intermittent, the loss arising in the stopping and starting of the movement of the column of water.

My present invention is made with reference to economy and efficiency, and by this improvement the movement of the column of water is not stopped and it is checked but little by the operation of the pump, and the pump working in harmony with the movement of the column of water prevents the possibility of accumulation of water in the condensing column and insures the discharge of the water of condensation, the condensing water and any air or gases that may be present with rapidity and uniformity, and should any air or gases pass in with the condensing water, they are carried by the jet of waterinto the pump' before they have opportunity to expand and interfere with the perfection of the vacuum.

In carrying out my invention I make use of one or more injector nozzles for the supply of the condensing water, and the jet or jets of water pass into the steam space and by their movement draw the steam into themselves and they pass through a tapering opening in a septum forming the top of the pump, and

the bucket of the pump is provided with a tapering passage through it in line with the column of water and steam, and there is a valve or valves in the bucket at the bottom of this tapering opening, which valve or valves open in the direction of the movement of the column of water. Hence the bucket of the the moving column is not checked and itsA energy is availed of in aid of the action of the pump, so that the pump will be worked efficiently by the expenditure of less power than has heretofore been necessary, and the vacuum pump can be made much smaller than heretofore usual without lessening its efciency.

In carrying out my invention I have em-- ployed and found it advantageous to use devices corresponding generally to those represented in the accompanying drawings, but I do not limit myself to the details in the construction of the respective parts.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical seotion representing the pump and the injector nozzles. Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view of the lower end of the pump bucket. Fig. 3 is a vertical section illustrating a modification in the valves employed in the'bucket and in .the shape of the injector nozzles. Fig. 4t is a modification of the water supplying device. Fig. 5 is a plan view of a modification of the bucket, and Fig. 6 is a section of a modification of theseptum.

The pump cylinder A is of any desired sizeand preferably cylindrical and the eduction valves B may be of any desired character, and I prefer to place such valves around the lower end of the pump cylinder. The pump bucket C'is actuated by any suitable power connected with the piston rod or rods. In' Fig. 1 I have shown one piston rod D central to the bucket,

Vand in Fig. 4 I have shown two pistonv rods,

D', the number and location of the rods varying according to the number of the induction nozzles and passages through the pump bucket that are in line with the induction nozzles.

Where two or more piston rods are made use of, the tapering opening for the passage of the fluid through the valve may be central, as shown in Figs. 3 and It. Where one piston rod D is made use of, two, three or more tapering openings may be provided in the bucket for the passage of the fluid. In all instances the tapering openings in the bucket are -to be in line with the induction nozzle or nozzles E or E', and at the upper end of the pump cylinder A there is a septum F with one or more tapering openings in it in line with the nozzles E and the tapering openings lthrough the pump bucket.

The induction nozzles E or E pass across a chamber G, and it is to be understood that when thecondensingwateris supplied through the nozzles E the steam is admitted into the chamber G, but the action may be reversed, the water passing into the chamber G and the steam passing through the induction nozzles E or E. I however prefer to have the condensing water pass through the nozzles E or E' andthe steam to pass into the chamber G. V'Vith this object in view I have represented a pipe or connection H for steam for leading the same into the chamber G, and I have represented pipes I for the supply of water to the nozzles E E.

In Figs. 3 and et the water is supplied to the nozzle E' by a pipe I, and the nozzle E is curvedvso that its lower end is centrally over the one opening 2 in the septum F', but in Fig. l, Ihave shown two nozzles E Ecentrally over the two openings 8 in the septum F, there being a water vessel I through the bottom of which the nozzles E open, and in this form it is advantageous to screw thread the upper ends of the nozzles E so that they may be screwed up or down to bring their lower ends nearer to or farther from the tapering opening through the septum and thus regulate the opening for the steam that is drawn into the tapering opening of the septum from the chamber G.

Where the nozzle E is a fixture, asin Fig. 3, the septum itself may be raised orlowered by screws t passing up from the same through the chamber G and through the head or plate at the upper end of such chamber, the objectin both cases being to regulate the relative volume of steam and water by this adjustment.

The pump bucket C may be provided with` any suitable packing within the pump cylinder A or there may be peripheral grooves around such bucket to act in place of packing rings, central opening 5, Figs. 3 and et, which opening is tapering and is in line with the opening 2 through the septum F. In this form `of b ucket it is advantageous to make use of two` plston rods D', as seen in Fig. Il, but when the septum F is provided with two, three or more openings 3, the pump bucket being provided with openings 6 that are in line with the openings in the septum F and with the nozzles E, there may be a single bucket rod. In all instances such openings in the bucket are taperand there is through the bucket a' ing in order that the column of fluid may pass through such openings with as little obstruction as possible and without its momentum being materially checked, and in the under side of the pump bucket any suitable valve or valves are provided.

In Fig. 4, I have shown a single valve I. to the central opening through the pump bucket, such valve being in the form of a cone and provided with a spring beneath it that is sufficient to sustain the weight of the valve. Hence the valve will open and the conical upper surface of the valve will spread the column of fluid freely into the pump cylinder and below the bucket.

In Fig. 3, I have shown the opening through the pump bucket as provided with two swinging valves L which open downwardly and outwardly so as to leave the passage for the column of fluid unobstructed.

In Fig. l, I have represented an annular chamberl in the pump bucket and below the lower ends of the tapering openings through such pump bucket and a grating 7 forminga seat for the valveIF, which valve may be in one or more parts and close upwardly against the under surface ot' the pump bucket, and the chamber above the grating allows the column of fluid to spread with little or no obstruction so as to pass freely through the grating 7, the valve L2 being open.

It will now be understood that the bucket can be reciprocated with greater or less speed according to the volume of fluid that is flowing through the pump, and it is only necessary that the speed of the pump shall be sufticient to deliver through the eduction valves the fluid that accumulates below the pump bucket each reciprocation, and the valve or valves of the pump bucket will only close when the pressure below the bucket exceeds the pressure above the valve due to the momentum ofthe descending column of fluid, and inl consequence of the column remaining substantiall y unbroken, any air or gases that may pass in with the water are carried by the water directly through the pump bucket before they have opportunity to expand, and the column of water commingles with the steam to condense the same and form'a minus pressure or vacuum in the steam chamber according to the speed of movement of the column and drawn through the tapering opening or openings in the pump bucket by the double action of the vacuum below the pump bucket and the impact of the column of water above the pump bucket and in line with the opening or openings through such bucket. rlhereby the pump will work with great efficiency and with as small an expenditure of power as compatible with the work performed.

I do notlimit myself to any particular shape IOC of nozzles or of openings through the bucket or through the septum. I however find it advantageous to employ concentric openingsin order that the condensing Water may commingle with the steam to the best advantage and condense the same and the fluid pass on directly through the tapering opening in the air pump bucket; neither do I limit myself to any particular character of valve or valves made use of in the vacuum pump. It will also be understood that where two vacuum pumps are made use of, it is advantageous to operate the same by right-angled cranks or similar devices as well known in pumps of this character, in order that the piston of one may vbe in full operation when the piston of the p other is at or near the end of the stroke.

In cases where it is desired to use the condensing Water in thin sheets, the openings 9 through the septum F2 and the openings lO through the bucket C may be substantially annular, there being connecting bridges between the respective parts, as seen in Figs. 5 and 6 and the openings in thelower ends of the water` nozzles are curved and sufciently long and narrow to be of substantially the same shape as the openings in the septum, there'being sufficient space between the tubes or connections for the steam to pass freely to the inside ofthe nearly annular descending column of water. I

This improvement although specially adapted to use as a condenser and vacuum pump,

,may be used with any fluid that may pass as a column through the moving bucket.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination with an injector condenser, of a pump having a reciprocating bucket wit-h an opening through the same and tapering in both directions from the smallest part and in line with the column of Huid passing from the condenser, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a vacuum pump having a bucket with a tapering opening through thersame, of a nozzle for supplying the condensing Water, a septum with a tapering opening through the same for'the passage of the steam and the condensing water, such opening being in line or nearly so with the opening through the pump bucket, there being a valve to the pump bucket opening in the direction of the movement of the column of fluid, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination in a condenserand vacuum pump, ofa water supply, a nozzle through which the water is discharged, a chamber for the steam, a septum with a taperingopening for the passage of the condensing water and the steam, the pump having a bucket and an opening in the same in line with the nozzle and the opening in the septum, and a valve'below the bucket closing upwardly, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination in a condenser and vacuum pump, of a water supply, an adjustable nozzle through which the water is discharged, a chamber for the steam, a septum with a tapering openin g for the passage of the condensing -water and the steam, the pump having a bucket and an opening in the same in line with the nozzle and the openingin the septum, and a valve below the bucket closing upwardly, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination in a condenser and vacuum pump, of a water supply, a nozzle through which the water is discharged, a chamber for the steam, a septum with a tapering opening for the passage of the condensing water and the steam, the pump having a bucket and an opening in the same in line with lthe nozzle and the opening in the septum, a valve below the bucket closing upwardly, and a rod connected with the bucket and passing through the septumand through the steam chamber, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination with the water supply and nozzles, of a chamber surrounding the nozzles, a septum with tapering openings in line with the nozzles, a pump cylinder and bucket having tapering openings through the bucket in line with the openings through the septum, a rod connected with the bucket and passing through the septum and provided with a packing, and valves opening downwardly below the bucket, substantially as set forth.

7. yThe combination in a combined condenser and vacuum pump, of a nozzle for supplying the condensing water, a chamber for the steam, a septum having a tapering opening in line with the nozzle for the passage of the condensing water and steam, a pump cylinder and bucket, such bucket having a tapering openngthrough the same in line or nearly so with the, opening through the septum, a valve opening in the direction of the flow of the iiuid, and means for adjusting the relative positions of the septum and nozzle for regulating the flow of water in proportion to the steam, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination in a pump of an open nozzle for an unobstructed supply of fluid and ICO IIO

a reciprocating bucket having an opening in line with the nozzle and tapering in both directions from the smallest part, and a valve opening in the direction of the movement of the liuid, substantially as specied.

9. The combination in a pump, of a nozzle for supplying a fluid and a reciprocating bucket having a passage in line with thenozzle and tapering in both directions from the narrowest part, and a valve opening in 'the direction of the movement of the fluid, and a chamber between the valve and the lower end of the passage, substantially as specied.

Signed by me this 18th day of July, 1894.

JOHN L. BOGERT.

Witnesses:

GEO. T. PINokNEY, r A. M. OLIVER.