US5297741A - Process for disintegration and pure-sorted separation of recyclable different plastics of composite structural parts - Google Patents

Process for disintegration and pure-sorted separation of recyclable different plastics of composite structural parts Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US5297741A
US5297741A US08/063,771 US6377193A US5297741A US 5297741 A US5297741 A US 5297741A US 6377193 A US6377193 A US 6377193A US 5297741 A US5297741 A US 5297741A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
particles
foam
plastic
structural parts
foil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US08/063,771
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jorg Zurn
Michele Melchiorre
Karsten Lohr
Martin Guldenpfennig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Benz AG
Original Assignee
Daimler Benz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Benz AG filed Critical Daimler Benz AG
Assigned to MERCEDES-BENZ AG reassignment MERCEDES-BENZ AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GULDENPFENNIG, MARTIN, LOHR, KARSTEN, MELCHIORRE, MICHELE, ZURN, JORG
Assigned to DAIMLER-BENZ AG reassignment DAIMLER-BENZ AG CORRECTING ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ASSIGNMENT AT REEL 6558 FRAMES 026 THE NAME OF THE ASSIGNEE. Assignors: GULDENPFENNING, MARTIN, LOHR, KARSTEN, MELCHIORRE, MICHELE, ZURN, JORG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US5297741A publication Critical patent/US5297741A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/04—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters hinged to the rotor; Hammer mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/148—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers specially adapted for disintegrating plastics, e.g. cinematographic films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B03B4/02—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs using swinging or shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/10—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by grinding, e.g. by triturating; by sieving; by filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0203—Separating plastics from plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0227—Vibratory or shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0234—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using gravity, e.g. separating by weight differences in a wind sifter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0237—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference
    • B29B2017/0241—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference in gas, e.g. air flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0488—Hammers or beaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0492—Projecting the material on stationary or moving impact surfaces or plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2055/00—Use of specific polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of main groups B29K2023/00 - B29K2049/00, e.g. having a vinyl group, as moulding material
    • B29K2055/02—ABS polymers, i.e. acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29L2007/008—Wide strips, e.g. films, webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3055—Cars
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
    • Y10S241/38—Solid waste disposal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for disintegration and pure-sorted separation of the different plastics of composite structural parts to be recycled as generally known, for example, from Japanese Patent Application of 21.06.1989 laid open under No. 077307/1991 on 31.01.1991, and more specifically, to parts containing a core of at least foam material and a flexible outer foil adhering firmly thereto and a support made thicker-walled than the outer foil and composed of a hard plastic, firmly adhered to the core in the form of an intermediate layer.
  • the present invention is directed to a process which includes the step of comminuting the composite structural parts into approximately cuboid particles comprising different plastics, disintegrating the particles into individual materials by selectively comminuting the foam of the particles mechanically into substantially smaller crumbs than the remaining pieces of the particles in a dry treatment and separating the particles in a pure-sorted manner by a grain-size-selective separation such that the smaller foam crumbs are screened off from the coarser remaining particle pieces.
  • plastic composite parts which are used to a great extent in the interior fittings of motor vehicles, several problems arise as regards reusability.
  • the different materials are adhesively bonded with one another very firmly by foam and usually cannot be released from one another or not completely or clearly enough.
  • the plastics cannot be reused as a material mixture, and therefore they can be deposited in unsorted form as refuse only at great expense and by causing environmental harm.
  • three-component composite structural parts having a support made of hard plastic, a foam intermediate layer and a foil as an outer skin, there is the further difficulty, where the hard-plastic particles and foil particles are concerned, that they have approximately the same specific gravity and cannot be separated by known separating processes.
  • the above-mentioned Japanese Preliminary Publication 077307/1991 describes a process for dividing and sorting the different plastics of composite structural parts, especially foil-covered foam parts, in which a coarse comminution in a granulation of 20 to 50 mm is first carried out.
  • the heap of coarse particles is agitated intensively in a high-speed agitator unit having a propeller agitator which rotates in a plane lying horizontally and near the bottom of the agitating container. Shearing forces are exerted on the particles by the rotor blades of the agitator unit and the materials can be detached from one another. The longer the operation continues, the more detachment takes place.
  • the ground stock is subsequently classified according to grain size, at least one fraction occurring in a sort purity suitable for reuse.
  • the foam material cannot only be finely crumbled by a mechanical fulling or agitation of the particle heap, but can also be rubbed off completely from the other plastic fragments in the region of the adhesive bond, so that these are left entirely free of foam.
  • the known process is restricted only to two-component composite structural parts containing one foam component. Experience has demonstrated that the previously known process cannot be applied to all types of foam.
  • the known process also cannot be employed for all foam-containing composite structural parts which contain hard plastics reinforced by glass-fiber mats because these plastics, under a shearing or frictional stress on the particle heap, split up or delaminate into thinner sheet-like fragments which cannot be separated in a pure-sorted manner from foil chips of different material.
  • foam-containing three-component composite structural parts having two different plastic components also cannot be separated in a pure-sorted manner in respect of the other two plastics by the known process, as long as the two plastics do not differ or differ only very slightly in terms of the usual classification criteria, such as absolute or specific weight or specific gravity or particle size, as happens in most cases.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,042,725 is also concerned with the problem of suitable treatment of composite structural parts of the type in question here to enable the individual materials to be reused. It describes a process which as a whole works under dry conditions and in which the composite structural parts are first granulated to approximately 10 mm and the particles are then sorted in a plurality of steps, specifically first according to grain size and thereafter according to weight.
  • the weight sorting takes place on an apparently inclined vibrating table having an air-permeable table board through which air is blown upwards.
  • the particles of higher mass collect on one longitudinal side of the table board and the parts of lower mass on the opposite side.
  • An electrostatic charging of the foam particles is prevented or reduced by dampening or by spraying with an anti-static liquid.
  • the sorted-out smaller or lighter particles consist essentially of foam.
  • the foam fraction obtained by the process described there is alleged to contain only approximately 2% by weight of foil in the foam and thus occur in reusable purity.
  • the coarser or heavier fractions, for which no particular further processing is proposed contain essentially the foil chips, but small pieces of foam apparently still adhere firmly to these, and they are consequently not obtained in the necessary purity for reuse.
  • Other dividing and sorting processes for three-component composite structural parts are also mentioned, and these are likewise based on a granulation of the parts to be treated, but proceed with fundamentally different methods not relevant here.
  • EP-A 422,460 describes a process for dividing and sorting the different plastics of stamping waste from vehicle dashboards. Such waste occurs when installation orifices for instruments, radios, ventilation gratings or the like are stamped out.
  • the stamping waste consists of a base layer of hydrophilic polyurethane foam and an outer skin of hydrophobic PVC foil connected thereto.
  • the waste pieces are first comminuted into approximately 3 mm large cuboid particles and subsequently swirled in water in the ratio of granules to water of 1 to 7 by an agitator unit in order to separate and sort the different plastics, in the course of which the water-absorbing PU foam swells.
  • the swelling foam detaches from the PVC foil which remains dimensionally stable.
  • An object of the present invention is to improve the generally known process mentioned at the outset, such that three-component composite structural parts which have two plastic components, different in terms of material and differentiable with difficulty where conventional classifying processes have been concerned, can separate all the plastics involved in a sort purity which is practicable for reuse, without disposable mixed fractions of poor-grade or non-reusability being obtained and without causing variations on the useful materials which impair or make impossible their reusability.
  • the foregoing object has been achieved according to the present invention by, on one hand, the step of selective comminution of the foam by an impact stressing of the particles, and, after the removal of the foam fraction, the initially remaining mixture of thicker-walled hard-plastic particles and of thinner-walled foil chips is separated into a hard-plastic fraction and into a foil fraction by a vertical low-turbulence upwind sifter, an approximately vertically rising low-turbulence air stream flowing from below against the particles of the mixture which lie flat and individually without overlap, on an air-permeable approximately horizontal base, with only the foil chips being lifted and carried upwards, and the hard-plastic particles remaining being removed laterally at screen level.
  • the step of selective comminution of the foam can take place in accordance with the present invention by an impact stressing of the particles, and, after the removal of the foam fraction, the initially remaining mixture of thicker-walled hard-plastic particles and of thinner-walled foil chips is separated into a hard-plastic fraction and into a foil fraction by a vibrating-screen separation assisted by an upwardly directed air flow.
  • a vibrating conveyor effect is exerted on the particles, which are dumped in a spread-out entangled state on a vibrating screen inclined relative to a horizontal line and a mesh width of which is markedly smaller than the particle size of the mixture, and is directed towards a higher edge of the vibrating screen.
  • a bearing force of the particles on the vibrating screen and a drag force exerted on the particles as a result of friction relative to the screen are reduced by the upwardly directed air flow, such that the vibrating conveying effect exerted on the lighter foil chips is substantially lower than that on the hard-plastic particles, and only the hard-plastic particles are thereby conveyed to the higher edge of the vibrating screen, whereas the foil chips are discharged via a lower edge of the vibrating screen.
  • the initially remaining mixture of thick-walled hard-plastic fragments and thin-walled foil chips is separated in a pure-sorted manner by a vertical low-turbulence wind sifting which affords a high selectivity.
  • a procedure with a so-called air jig is used instead.
  • the individual non-foam particles survive the first treatment step unchanged and undamaged, so that they can still be sorted reliably.
  • the particle mixture consisting of the individual material fractions can be sorted in a reusable purity such that each material is pure.
  • the parts to be treated remain dry during the entire process and can subsequently be reused directly, so that an energy-intensive drying can be avoided.
  • the plastic foil involved and the hard plastic are treated with care and are comminuted into relatively coarse particles of a granulation of preferably approximately 10 to 20 mm which is important, especially with regard to fiber-reinforced hard plastics and their reusability because the included fibers can also be used in an appropriate way only when there is a coarse comminution of such materials; if there is a very fine granulation of fiber-reinforced plastics for the purpose of their reuse, the short fiber fragments act merely as a weighting filler.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the process according to the present invention in which possible process alternatives are also displayed;
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view through a composite structural part which consists of three different plastics and the materials of which are to be separated in a pure-sorted manner after the comminution of the part;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective partial view of a twin-shaft cutter used in the process of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional elevation view through a cutting mill usable in the process of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional elevation view through a hammer mill usable in the process of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the special upwind sifting provided as a first alternative embodiment for the last separation step of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the air jig provided here as a second alternative to the last separation step of the process according to the present invention.
  • a composite structural part 1 is shown in cross-section in cut-out form in FIG. 2 and consists of three different plastics, namely a support 2 made thicker-walled than a flexible outer foil 4 and composed of a preferably glass fiber reinforced hard plastic, e.g. polypropylene reinforced with a glass-fiber mat (GMT-PP), an intermediate layer 3 attached to the support 2 with firm adhesion and composed of foam material, for example polyurethane foam (PUR), and the aforementioned flexible foil 4 attached with firm adhesion to the outside of the intermediate layer 3 and composed of, for example, a mixture of acrylobutadiene-styrene and polyvinyl chloride (ABS/PVC).
  • the composite structural parts can be old parts from passenger cars to be scrapped or production rejects or stamping waste occurring during the production of such parts.
  • the composite structural parts 1 are first carefully comminuted into approximately cuboid to strip-shaped granulated particles above a particle size of approximately 15 mm. Specifically, by suitable choice of the initial size of the particles during comminution, care is taken to ensure that, as a result of an unavoidable particle breakage during further treatment, the proportion of particle fragments which is of the order of the wall thickness of the plastics involved is as small as possible. Successful tests have been conducted with a particle size of approximately 20 mm. Where strip-shaped particles are concerned, the edge length can be up to 150 mm.
  • the cutting of the composite structural part into strips or cuboid particles should, if possible, be carried out by cutting methods working with care and to a lesser extent by a tearing apart, so that little fine material occurs during the cutting and the composite material structure is also destroyed relatively little.
  • suitable devices for example a twin-shaft cutter 19 (FIG. 3) and, insofar as a second cutting step is provided, for example a low-speed cutting mill 22 (FIG. 4) are provided accordingly for the cutting step.
  • the comminution can take place in one step or in two steps.
  • the twin-shaft cutter 19 in each case expediently provided initially for comminution disintegrates the composite structural parts 1 into strip-shaped particles.
  • the strips have a width of approximately 2 cm in successfully conducted tests, and the composite material structure having the three different plastics within the strips are also mostly preserved in full.
  • the twin-shaft cutter has two parallel, oppositely driven knife shafts with knife discs 21, 21' arranged perpendicularly to the axis and mutually staggered to engage in one another in a comb-like manner.
  • the knife discs are provided on the outer circumference with hooks which point in the direction of rotation to draw the cutting stock in between the two knife shafts.
  • Stationary knife grids 20 are provided outside the two knife shafts to engage between the knife discs and prevent the cutting stock from sliding laterally past the knife shafts.
  • the thickness of the knife discs 21, 21' in contact with one another determines essentially the strip width of the comminution stock, whereas the strip length depends essentially on the size of the composite pieces introduced into the twin shaft cutter.
  • the strips are no longer than approximately 150 mm, they can be fed immediately thereafter to the hereinafter described first separating operation under certain circumstances. However, it is usually more expedient also to divide the strips transversely so as to produce essentially cuboid particles whose edge length preferably amounts to at least approximately 20 mm. In these cuboid particles also, the composite material structure comprising altogether three different plastics is still largely maintained. This chopping of the strips into cuboid particles can be carried out in a second pass through the same or another two-shaft cutter, in which the strips of the first pass are oriented parallel to the knife shafts and cut transversely.
  • the cross-cutting of the strips is provided in a cutting mill 22 (FIG. 4) having a rotor with a plurality of axially or helically extending rotating knives 24 and knives 23 arranged fixedly relative to the housing.
  • the knife rotor is surrounded by a screen casing which, together with the orifice width of the passage orifices made in it, determines the granulation of the ground stock which can be obtained with the cutting mill.
  • the particles initially still present as a three-component composite structure are now to be disintegrated into their individual useful materials and these separated in a pure-sorted manner.
  • the less break-resistant foam material of the particles is selectively comminuted mechanically by impact stress on the individual particles into substantially smaller crumbs than the remaining pieces of particles of more break-resistant plastic.
  • the smaller foam crumbs can then be separated, especially screened off, from the coarser remaining particle pieces by a grain-size-selective separating process.
  • the impact stress on the particles and the screening off of the comminuted foam crumbs are preferably carried out in a hammer mill 26 (FIG. 5), in which the particles are selectively comminuted in the course of a moderate rotation of the rotating grinding assembly without an appreciable amount of heat being generated.
  • the rotation speed of the hammer mill 26 is primarily critical for determining whether the comminuting effect selective for the foam material does in fact occur. This speed is ascertained empirically in a known manner by tests in each particular case.
  • the dwell time of the particles in the hammer mill and the degree of filling have much less influence on the selectivity of the comminuting effect.
  • a screen plate 28 Integrated into the casing surrounding the rotating grinding assembly is a screen plate 28, through which the broken foam crumbs can pass continuously out of the hammer mill.
  • the coarse plastic fragments left behind in the region of the rotor are increasingly freed of foam material and are finally cleared of this completely.
  • this mixed fraction still containing two different plastics can be discharged through a discharge flap 29.
  • new comminution stock to be treated can be introduced into the hammer mill from above, care being taken to ensure a well-metered feed of the hammer mill.
  • An optimum filling quantity per batch can be determined empirically relatively quickly.
  • the dwell time of the ground stock within the hammer mill can also be determined empirically relatively easily.
  • the foam material is to be removed from the remaining plastic particles in a manner free from residue; on the other hand, this material is not to be comminuted unnecessarily, to avoid a needlessly large proportion of foil material or of the support material being discharged together with the foam crumbs.
  • the foam fraction would consequently be undesirably mixed with materials of the other types of plastic.
  • the crumbly foam fraction comes out of the hammer mill at the bottom more or less continuously at the fine-stock discharge 30. Towards the end of the treatment time, markedly less foam crumbs fall out at the discharge 30.
  • the coarse parts of the mixed fraction are discharged in batches at the discharge 31 after the discharge flap 29 has been opened.
  • the foam fraction can be reused, under some circumstances after a further separation of very fine abraded particles from the other plastics.
  • an impact stressing of the particles can be carried out not only, as in the hammer mill, by causing a hard object, the "hammer", to strike a freely suspended particle.
  • Impact stressing can also be effected by causing a particle flying at high speed to strike an obstacle, such as a transverse wall or a particle flying at approximately the same speed in the opposite direction.
  • the particles can be accelerated in the manner of a blast of shot by way of a blower and be directed against a wall or into an oncoming particle stream. This operation has to be repeated several times by a closed-circuit guidance of the particles. In this case, however, the number of impacts per particle and per unit time is lower than in the hammer mill, and therefore this embodiment of the process may be preferred.
  • the mixed fraction coming out of the rotor of the hammer mill 26 has to be separated into the two different sorts of plastic in a further separation step.
  • the remaining mixture 36 contains thick-walled hard-plastic particles 6 and thin-walled foil chips 5.
  • the two different particles are differentiated neither in terms of their specific gravity nor in terms of their size, but merely in their wall thickness.
  • a vertical low-turbulence upwind sifter 34 is used, according to one process alternative shown in FIG. 6, in which the mixture is separated into a hard-plastic fraction 15 and into a foil fraction 14.
  • the separating effect of the upwind sifter 34 is caused by the air resistance of the foil chips within the upwardly directed low-turbulence air stream being just slightly higher than the respective dead weight of the foil chips, whereas the dead weight of the hard-plastic particles 6 clearly predominates over the flow resistance, and therefore these particles remain lying.
  • the mixed fraction 36 is delivered via a filling funnel 8 onto a vibrating conveyor 9 having a screen plate 10, on which the particles are moved slowly into the region of an upwardly directed low-turbulence air stream 7.
  • the particles are individually separated as a result of the slow conveyance on the screen plate 10, so that they lie on the screen plate next to one another without overlap and can be picked up individually by the air stream 7.
  • the air stream 7 flows without the formation of large-volume vortices, i.e. with low turbulence and optimally in a laminar manner and be so strong that only the lighter foil chips 5 lying flat are lifted and carried upwards and that the heavier hard-plastic particles 6 are initially left behind on the screen plate 10.
  • the particles 6 are removed laterally from the air stream 7 and pass into a collecting vessel 15 there.
  • the foil chips 5 lifted upwards are carried via a collecting line to a collecting space 13.
  • a baffle plate 12 retains foil chips which may possibly fly further, so that they do not pass into the suction-air stream 11 leading to an exhaust fan.
  • An alternative dry separating process shown in FIG. 7 also employs an upwardly directed low-turbulence air stream 17 of well-metered intensity and also a vibrating screen 16.
  • the vibrating screen 16 onto which the mixed fraction 36 is delivered, is inclined relative to the horizontal and therefore has a higher edge 32 and a lower edge 33.
  • the suspension of the vibrating screen 16 and the excitation of the vibrating screen 16 to vibrate with a conveying effect are such that a conveying effect towards the higher edge 32 is generated.
  • the upward air stream 17 passing vertically through the vibrating screen 16 is so metered in its intensity that the bearing force of the particles on the vibrating screen and therefore the drag force exerted on the particles as a result of friction relative to the screen are reduced.
  • the bearing force of the foil chips 5 is cancelled almost completely, whereas the hard-plastic particles 6 still lay on the vibrating screen 16 with a considerable proportion of their dead weight.
  • a vibrating conveying effect is thereby exerted virtually only on the hard-plastic particles 6 in the embodiment of FIG. 7, so that these particles are conveyed to the higher edge 32 and are discharged there as a hard-plastic fraction 15.
  • the foil chips 5, on which no conveying effect acts collect at the lower edge 33 and overflow there as a foil fraction 14.
  • the air jig 35 thus formed is covered with a cowl, on which dust and remaining foam crumbs can be sucked off at the top by means of the fine-stock suction 18.
  • This suction stream can be adjusted independently of the upward air stream 17, with the result that air can additionally be introduced or even blown in via the edge 32.
  • Foil chips are thereby additionally detained from being transported over the higher edge 32 at which the hard-plastic fraction overflows.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
US08/063,771 1992-05-20 1993-05-20 Process for disintegration and pure-sorted separation of recyclable different plastics of composite structural parts Expired - Fee Related US5297741A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4216638A DE4216638C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-05-20 1992-05-20
DE4216638 1992-05-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5297741A true US5297741A (en) 1994-03-29

Family

ID=6459307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/063,771 Expired - Fee Related US5297741A (en) 1992-05-20 1993-05-20 Process for disintegration and pure-sorted separation of recyclable different plastics of composite structural parts

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5297741A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPH0796226B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE4216638C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2691381B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB2267048B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5566889A (en) * 1992-05-22 1996-10-22 Montell North America Inc. Process for production of recycled plastic products
US5566888A (en) * 1993-05-21 1996-10-22 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and an apparatus for recycling a resin component
US5641128A (en) * 1991-12-02 1997-06-24 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of and apparatus for recovering foaming gas of the foamed material
EP0801168A1 (en) * 1996-04-09 1997-10-15 Ein Engineering Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for recycling laminated film
US5678773A (en) * 1991-12-02 1997-10-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Waste processing method and apparatus therefor
US5683044A (en) * 1995-03-07 1997-11-04 Daimler-Benz Ag Process-optimized hammer mill
US5684054A (en) * 1994-09-22 1997-11-04 Daimler-Benz Ag Process for recovering secondary polyols from polyadducts mixed with nonglycolysable materials
US5772126A (en) * 1996-11-06 1998-06-30 Ppg Industries, Inc. System and process for recycling waste material produced by a glass fiberizing process
EP0779136A3 (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-07-01 Ein Engineering Co., Ltd. Method of recycling and granulating waste container made of resin materials
ES2142698A1 (es) * 1996-03-01 2000-04-16 Ain Engineering Kk Material de resina recuperado de residuos industriales de pelicula de plastico, procedimiento y aparato para recuperar el material de resina de residuos industriales de pelicula de plastico.
US6199778B1 (en) 1996-11-06 2001-03-13 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Systems and processes for recycling glass fiber waste material into glass fiber product
AT409103B (de) * 1996-03-01 2002-05-27 Ain Engineering Kk Einrichtung zur rückgewinnung von kunststoffmaterial aus industrieabfällen gegossener kunststoffgegenstände, von kunststofffolien od.dgl.
US20040171707A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2004-09-02 Mobius Technologies, Inc. Polymeric foam powder processing techniques, foam powders products, and foams produced containing those foam powders
US20040211712A1 (en) * 2001-07-05 2004-10-28 Mclemore Michael D. Launcher for compressible materials and associated process
EP1448747A4 (en) * 2001-11-26 2005-05-11 Gsa Bloodstock Pty Ltd EARTHED MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
US20050224821A1 (en) * 2001-01-24 2005-10-13 Nichia Corporation Light emitting diode, optical semiconductor device, epoxy resin composition suited for optical semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same
US20090159529A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Mike Kotelko Apparatus, methods and systems for handling and processing waste material
US20090250401A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-10-08 Mike Kotelko Integrated bio-digestion facility
US20100136629A1 (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-06-03 Xiaomei Li Enhanced ethanol fermentation using biodigestate
US20100297740A1 (en) * 2009-05-21 2010-11-25 Xiaomei Li Use of Anaerobic Digestion to Destroy Biohazards and to Enhance Biogas Production
ES2484069R1 (es) * 2013-02-08 2014-12-02 Asociación De Investigación De Industrias De La Construcción Aidico - Instituto Tecnológico De La Construcción Equipo separador de materiales
CN104760157A (zh) * 2015-04-09 2015-07-08 武汉蓝格包装材料有限公司 一种隔音棉废料回收利用方法
CN107737640A (zh) * 2017-11-29 2018-02-27 合肥工业大学 一种可调节式生活垃圾破碎机
US20190084006A1 (en) * 2013-10-02 2019-03-21 Anaergia B.V. Method and device for separating particles of plastic foil and particles of organic material
CN110561657A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-13 谢淑娥 一种塑料粒子加工设备
US10611699B2 (en) * 2015-12-17 2020-04-07 Whirlpool Corporation Composting device
US11033940B2 (en) 2015-11-02 2021-06-15 Anaergia B.V. Method and device for processing solid waste
US11180391B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2021-11-23 Anaergia B.V. Method and device for processing solid waste
US11273450B2 (en) * 2017-05-04 2022-03-15 Rapid Granulator Ab Granulator mill
CN114472485A (zh) * 2022-02-26 2022-05-13 河南车邦汽车用品制造有限公司 一种车用脚垫边角料回收装置及回收工艺
CN114474491A (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-05-13 王香昌 一种轻质建筑泡沫隔温墙板绿色回收系统及回收工艺
CN117776562A (zh) * 2024-01-08 2024-03-29 安徽中益新材料科技股份有限公司 一种含赤泥低碳胶凝材料及其制备工艺及制备设备
EP3838538B1 (en) * 2019-12-19 2024-08-07 Fundación Gaiker Method of recycling carbon fiber prepreg

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4318472A1 (de) * 1993-06-03 1994-12-08 Happle Gmbh & Co Maschf Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trennen eines Schüttguts
CA2127035A1 (en) * 1993-07-02 1995-01-03 Bryan Sims Process for separating fibres from composite materials
EP0716888B1 (de) * 1994-08-07 2001-03-14 INPRO Innovationsgesellschaft für fortgeschrittene Produktionssysteme in der Fahrzeugindustrie mbH Verfahren zum Zerlegen und sortenreinen Trennen von zu recyclierenden Verbundbauteilen
AU713358B2 (en) * 1996-02-20 1999-12-02 Ein Engineering Co., Ltd Resin material recovered from industrial wastes of plastic film, method and apparatus for recovering resin material from industrial wastes of plastic film
JP3566348B2 (ja) * 1994-09-20 2004-09-15 アイン・エンジニアリング株式会社 廃棄樹脂成形品の回収・造粒方法及び装置並びに前記回収樹脂材料を用いた木質合成板の製造方法。
DE19510923B4 (de) * 1995-03-24 2007-04-05 WIPAG Süd GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Trennen eines bei der Aufarbeitung von Verbundwerkstoffteilen anfallenden Partikelgemisches in mindestens zwei Partikelfraktionen
JP3177403B2 (ja) * 1995-04-12 2001-06-18 富士重工業株式会社 塗装樹脂製品の塗膜剥離除去装置
DE19609406C2 (de) * 1996-02-29 1998-06-04 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Recycling-Verfahren und Recycling-Anlage zur Verwertung von Gegenständen aus Werkstoffverbunden
DE19628437C2 (de) * 1996-07-15 1999-05-12 Wiegand Thomas Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Klassierung und knautschenden Verringerung von Partikelgrößen eines Granulatgemisches
DE19954998A1 (de) * 1999-11-16 2001-05-17 Roland Nied Schneidmühle
DE19955697A1 (de) * 1999-11-18 2001-05-31 Schreiter Klaus Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Kunststoffen
EP2045061B1 (en) * 2006-07-03 2013-10-23 Teijin Limited Method of separating mixed plastic
DE102014106888B4 (de) * 2014-02-28 2015-11-05 Diamat Maschinenbau Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Delaminierung von gemahlener Kunststofffolie
CN112248192B (zh) * 2020-11-02 2021-10-08 江苏菲特滤料有限公司 一种多孔陶瓷成型设备
CN116119987B (zh) * 2022-12-20 2024-04-30 安徽工程大学 一种用于路面径流的生物炭－钢渣透水砖的制备方法
CN119549402B (zh) * 2024-12-03 2025-09-16 凤阳振兴电子材料有限公司 一种连续式生产高纯石英粉设备

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD239954A1 (de) * 1985-08-07 1986-10-15 Sekundaerrohstoff Erfassung Ka Anordnung einer fertigungslinie zur intensivierten stoffzerkleinerung, vorzugsweise von plasteerzeugnissen
DE3535633A1 (de) * 1985-10-05 1987-04-09 Theo Heitkaemper Verfahren und anlage zum aufarbeiten von kunststoffmuell
US4728045A (en) * 1987-01-12 1988-03-01 Nelmor Co., Inc. Method for reclaiming bonded, two-resin articles
US4979682A (en) * 1988-02-25 1990-12-25 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh Reclaiming synthetic
JPH0323909A (ja) * 1989-06-21 1991-01-31 Toyota Motor Corp 複合材廃棄物の分離回収方法
JPH0377307A (ja) * 1989-08-18 1991-04-02 Marcon Electron Co Ltd 固体電解コンデンサの製造方法
EP0422460A2 (en) * 1989-10-13 1991-04-17 Davidson Textron Inc. Method for separating and recovering layered plastics joined at an interface
US5042725A (en) * 1990-08-03 1991-08-27 Davidson Textron Inc. Method for recovering PVC and urethane foam from automotive interior trim waste

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3443042A1 (de) * 1984-11-26 1986-05-28 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren zur wiedergewinnung von bestandteilen eines verbundwerkstoffes

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD239954A1 (de) * 1985-08-07 1986-10-15 Sekundaerrohstoff Erfassung Ka Anordnung einer fertigungslinie zur intensivierten stoffzerkleinerung, vorzugsweise von plasteerzeugnissen
DE3535633A1 (de) * 1985-10-05 1987-04-09 Theo Heitkaemper Verfahren und anlage zum aufarbeiten von kunststoffmuell
US4728045A (en) * 1987-01-12 1988-03-01 Nelmor Co., Inc. Method for reclaiming bonded, two-resin articles
US4979682A (en) * 1988-02-25 1990-12-25 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh Reclaiming synthetic
JPH0323909A (ja) * 1989-06-21 1991-01-31 Toyota Motor Corp 複合材廃棄物の分離回収方法
JPH0377307A (ja) * 1989-08-18 1991-04-02 Marcon Electron Co Ltd 固体電解コンデンサの製造方法
EP0422460A2 (en) * 1989-10-13 1991-04-17 Davidson Textron Inc. Method for separating and recovering layered plastics joined at an interface
US5042725A (en) * 1990-08-03 1991-08-27 Davidson Textron Inc. Method for recovering PVC and urethane foam from automotive interior trim waste

Cited By (54)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5641128A (en) * 1991-12-02 1997-06-24 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of and apparatus for recovering foaming gas of the foamed material
US5678773A (en) * 1991-12-02 1997-10-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Waste processing method and apparatus therefor
US5769333A (en) * 1991-12-02 1998-06-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of and apparatus for recovering foaming gas of the foamed material
US5566889A (en) * 1992-05-22 1996-10-22 Montell North America Inc. Process for production of recycled plastic products
US5566888A (en) * 1993-05-21 1996-10-22 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and an apparatus for recycling a resin component
US5684054A (en) * 1994-09-22 1997-11-04 Daimler-Benz Ag Process for recovering secondary polyols from polyadducts mixed with nonglycolysable materials
US5683044A (en) * 1995-03-07 1997-11-04 Daimler-Benz Ag Process-optimized hammer mill
US5961054A (en) * 1995-12-13 1999-10-05 Ein Engineering Co., Ltd. Method of recycling and granulating waste container made of resin materials
CN1076264C (zh) * 1995-12-13 2001-12-19 艾因工程技术股份有限公司 回收和粒化由树脂材料制成的废容器的方法
EP0779136A3 (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-07-01 Ein Engineering Co., Ltd. Method of recycling and granulating waste container made of resin materials
AT409103B (de) * 1996-03-01 2002-05-27 Ain Engineering Kk Einrichtung zur rückgewinnung von kunststoffmaterial aus industrieabfällen gegossener kunststoffgegenstände, von kunststofffolien od.dgl.
ES2142698A1 (es) * 1996-03-01 2000-04-16 Ain Engineering Kk Material de resina recuperado de residuos industriales de pelicula de plastico, procedimiento y aparato para recuperar el material de resina de residuos industriales de pelicula de plastico.
US5871161A (en) * 1996-04-09 1999-02-16 Ein Engineering Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for recycling laminated film
KR100398605B1 (ko) * 1996-04-09 2004-03-24 박경희 복합필름의 재생처리 방법 및 장치
EP0801168A1 (en) * 1996-04-09 1997-10-15 Ein Engineering Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for recycling laminated film
US6199778B1 (en) 1996-11-06 2001-03-13 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Systems and processes for recycling glass fiber waste material into glass fiber product
US5772126A (en) * 1996-11-06 1998-06-30 Ppg Industries, Inc. System and process for recycling waste material produced by a glass fiberizing process
US20050209354A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2005-09-22 Mobius Technologies, Inc. Polymeric foam powder processing techniques, foam powders products, and foams produced containing those foam powders
US20040171707A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2004-09-02 Mobius Technologies, Inc. Polymeric foam powder processing techniques, foam powders products, and foams produced containing those foam powders
US20070155843A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2007-07-05 Mobius Technologies, Inc. Polymeric foam powder processing techniques, foam powders products, and foam produced containing those foam powders
US7550096B2 (en) 2001-01-24 2009-06-23 Nichia Corporation Light emitting diode, optical semiconductor device, epoxy resin composition and phosphor suited for optical semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same
US20050224821A1 (en) * 2001-01-24 2005-10-13 Nichia Corporation Light emitting diode, optical semiconductor device, epoxy resin composition suited for optical semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same
US7342357B2 (en) 2001-01-24 2008-03-11 Nichia Corporation Light emitting diode, optical semiconductor device, epoxy resin composition suited for optical semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same
US20080099727A1 (en) * 2001-01-24 2008-05-01 Nichia Corporation Light Emitting Diode, Optical Semiconductor Device, Epoxy Resin Composition Suited for Optical Semiconductor Device, and Method for Manufacturing the Same
US7073669B2 (en) 2001-07-05 2006-07-11 Central Manufacturing Company Launcher for compressible materials and associated process
US20040211712A1 (en) * 2001-07-05 2004-10-28 Mclemore Michael D. Launcher for compressible materials and associated process
EP1448747A4 (en) * 2001-11-26 2005-05-11 Gsa Bloodstock Pty Ltd EARTHED MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
US8308945B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2012-11-13 Highmark Renewables Research Limited Partnership Integrated bio-digestion facility
US7927491B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2011-04-19 Highmark Renewables Research Limited Partnership Integrated bio-digestion facility
US20090250401A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-10-08 Mike Kotelko Integrated bio-digestion facility
WO2009090475A3 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-09-03 Highmark Renewables Research Corp. Apparatus, methods and systems for handling and processing waste material
US7771598B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2010-08-10 Highmark Renewables Research Limited Partnership Apparatus, methods and systems for handling and processing waste material
CN101925418B (zh) * 2007-12-21 2014-03-12 高原再生能源研发有限公司 用于处理和加工废料的装置、方法和系统
US20100311148A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2010-12-09 Mike Kotelko Apparatus, methods and systems for handling and processing waste material
US20090159529A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Mike Kotelko Apparatus, methods and systems for handling and processing waste material
US20110165638A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2011-07-07 Highmark Renewables Research Limited Partnership Integrated Bio-Digestion Facility
US8017013B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2011-09-13 Highmark Renewables Research Limited Partnership Apparatus, methods and systems for handling and processing waste material
US20100136629A1 (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-06-03 Xiaomei Li Enhanced ethanol fermentation using biodigestate
US20100297740A1 (en) * 2009-05-21 2010-11-25 Xiaomei Li Use of Anaerobic Digestion to Destroy Biohazards and to Enhance Biogas Production
ES2484069R1 (es) * 2013-02-08 2014-12-02 Asociación De Investigación De Industrias De La Construcción Aidico - Instituto Tecnológico De La Construcción Equipo separador de materiales
US10807124B2 (en) * 2013-10-02 2020-10-20 Anaergia B.V. Method and device for separating particles of plastic foil and particles of organic material
US11180391B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2021-11-23 Anaergia B.V. Method and device for processing solid waste
US20190084006A1 (en) * 2013-10-02 2019-03-21 Anaergia B.V. Method and device for separating particles of plastic foil and particles of organic material
CN104760157A (zh) * 2015-04-09 2015-07-08 武汉蓝格包装材料有限公司 一种隔音棉废料回收利用方法
US11033940B2 (en) 2015-11-02 2021-06-15 Anaergia B.V. Method and device for processing solid waste
US10611699B2 (en) * 2015-12-17 2020-04-07 Whirlpool Corporation Composting device
US11273450B2 (en) * 2017-05-04 2022-03-15 Rapid Granulator Ab Granulator mill
CN107737640A (zh) * 2017-11-29 2018-02-27 合肥工业大学 一种可调节式生活垃圾破碎机
CN110561657A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-13 谢淑娥 一种塑料粒子加工设备
EP3838538B1 (en) * 2019-12-19 2024-08-07 Fundación Gaiker Method of recycling carbon fiber prepreg
CN114474491A (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-05-13 王香昌 一种轻质建筑泡沫隔温墙板绿色回收系统及回收工艺
CN114472485A (zh) * 2022-02-26 2022-05-13 河南车邦汽车用品制造有限公司 一种车用脚垫边角料回收装置及回收工艺
CN114472485B (zh) * 2022-02-26 2023-02-28 河南车邦汽车用品制造有限公司 一种车用脚垫边角料回收装置及回收工艺
CN117776562A (zh) * 2024-01-08 2024-03-29 安徽中益新材料科技股份有限公司 一种含赤泥低碳胶凝材料及其制备工艺及制备设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4216638C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-09-16
JPH0663941A (ja) 1994-03-08
FR2691381B1 (fr) 1995-04-14
GB9310005D0 (en) 1993-06-30
JPH0796226B2 (ja) 1995-10-18
GB2267048B (en) 1995-05-10
FR2691381A1 (fr) 1993-11-26
GB2267048A (en) 1993-11-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5297741A (en) Process for disintegration and pure-sorted separation of recyclable different plastics of composite structural parts
KR100263806B1 (ko) 복합 재료로부터의 섬유 분리 방법
JP4035980B2 (ja) タイルカーペットの樹脂材料分離方法
US5299744A (en) Granulating, separating and classifying rubber tire materials
US5120767A (en) Process and apparatus for reclaiming the economic components of scrap rubber tires
JP5841598B2 (ja) 耐久消費財の耐用期間終了時の該耐久消費財の破砕廃棄物から出る再利用可能なポリマー材料の少なくとも１つのグループの同時の予備濃縮および予備選択
RO118064B1 (ro) Procedeu şi instalaţie pentru reciclarea materialelor plastice de diverse tipuri
US6126096A (en) Method and apparatus for separating and recovering fractional components of carpet
KR102154643B1 (ko) 폐전선 재활용 장치
US3472379A (en) Separation process
CN1212638A (zh) 合理分类处理下脚料的方法和设备
JPH08192107A (ja) シュレッダー鉄屑中のモーターコアー分離方法
CZ218993A3 (en) Process of pvc and urethane foam recovery from mixed waste cuttings at the use of elutriators
CN210500979U (zh) 一种塑料分级粉碎装置
EP1044722B1 (de) Verfahren zum Zerlegen und sortenreinen Trennen von zu recyclierenden Dreistoff-Verbundteilen
EP0633110A1 (en) Process for separating fibres from composite materials
US6325215B1 (en) Method and apparatus for separating elastomeric particulates and fibers from a pulverized mixture
JPS5729424A (en) Method of reclamation of waste plastic container
JP4341221B2 (ja) タイルカーペットおよびその製造方法
JP3344709B2 (ja) 廃家電品の破砕装置および破砕方法
JPH081095A (ja) ガラス繊維入り強化プラスチック品からのプラスチック分の分別回収方法および分別回収設備
JPH11207312A (ja) 自動車用モール屑から金属片と塩化ビニール・ゴム粉砕物、鉄粉を回収する方法
JP2001062832A (ja) 基材層と繊維層を備える熱可塑性樹脂成形品の回収方法及び装置並びに前記方法により回収された熱可塑性樹脂より成るカーペット基材
JPH11277537A (ja) 積層樹脂材料の剥離装置及び方法
JP7144580B1 (ja) 使用済みタイルカーペットの材料分離回収システム及び材料分離回収方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: MERCEDES-BENZ AG, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ZURN, JORG;MELCHIORRE, MICHELE;LOHR, KARSTEN;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:006558/0026;SIGNING DATES FROM 19930503 TO 19930505

AS Assignment

Owner name: DAIMLER-BENZ AG, GERMANY

Free format text: CORRECTING ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ASSIGNMENT AT REEL 6558 FRAMES 026 THE NAME OF THE ASSIGNEE.;ASSIGNORS:ZURN, JORG;MELCHIORRE, MICHELE;LOHR, KARSTEN;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:006783/0849;SIGNING DATES FROM 19930503 TO 19930505

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAYER NUMBER DE-ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: RMPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

REMI Maintenance fee reminder mailed
LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362

FP Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee

Effective date: 20020329