US520619A - Rock-drill - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

J. E. SMITH.

ROCK DRILL.

N0. 520,619. Patented May 29, 1894.

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'ruz NATIONAL umossupmne ccunm' STATES JOSEPH l-I. SMITH, OF PLYMOUTH, OHIO.

ROCK-DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 520,619, dated May 29, 1894.

Application filed September 14., 1 e93. semi No. 485,502. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OSEPH H. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residingat Plymouth, in the county of Richland and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Rock-Drill, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of drills employed for drilling holes in rock or stone for the reception of blasts or other means for forcibly splitting the rock or stone along the line of the holes.

The objects of my invention are to produce a drill designed for this purpose, the same being so constructed or formed as to obviate sticking and which shall produce such character of holes as will cause the splitting power or force to exert itself in line with the holes thereby causing a continuous fracture in the desired direction.

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings:Figure 1 is a perspective view of a drill constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional View of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view through the lower end of the drill. Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of the drill. Fig. 5 is a modified construction of drill in side elevation. Fig. 6 shows plans of holes produced by my drill. Fig. 7 is a similar view of other holes usually produced.

The drill comprises a shank 1 which may be round or rectangular in cross-section, as preferred. The shank terminates at its lower end in a widened head 2, which when viewed in cross-section is somewhat elliptical. In other words, the said head comprises opposite convexcd exterior or side -faces. The production of this head forms opposite shoulders at the side of the shank, and through these shoulders vertical openings or clearance openings 3 are formed, the same being separated by an intermediate integral solid Vertical transverse wall 4:, whose lower edge is reduced at each sideto form the cuttingedge 5. The lower edges of the convexed sides 3 are at their inner faces beveled so as to form cutting-edges 6, and by this beveling at the sides of the partition 4 and the sidewalls it will be seen that I provide a continuous cutting-edge and also flared entrances to the lower ends of the clearance-openings 3, so that in operation, the tendency is to cause the dust, chips, 850., to be directed from the wall of the opening toward the centers of the clearance-holes.

I preferably make the drills double-pointed, that is, form opposite points 7 at each side of the two clearance-openings. Such construction is especially designed for operating upon extremely hard rock or stone, but in the ordinary stone I may omit the double-points and form the drill as shown in Fig. 5, that is, incline the cutting-edge from the opposite ends to the center cutter 5.

In operating my drill, round holes are not first drilled as is usual with other drills, but my drill is placed or centered in the line in which direction it is desired to break the rock, after which said drill is reciprocated by hand or machine and a hole formed of the shape which I have illustrated in Fig. 6, wherein it will be seen that said holes are in the shape of narrow ellipses, the opposite ends being sharp and well defined. By the production of these holes the splitting effect or force is so disposed as to cause the rock or stone to be fractured directly in a continuous line, as indicated in Fig. 6. In Fig. 7 I have illustrated a hole commonly formed, and wherein it will be seen thatthe fracture is not continuous, but the force being diffused in various directions various fractures are sure to result and thus cause an unsatisfactory result. The splitting may be secured by blasting or through the ordinary hand-wedge operation. Continuing the operation of the tool as before stated, it will be observed that the chips and dust are carefully taken from the wall of the opening and are directed toward the centers of the clearance-openings or channels up through which they pass, so that as will be obvious, no packing of the dust or powdered stone can occur upon the walls of the opening or at the angles at the bottom, which would tend to obstruct the ready movement of the tool. Attention is called to the fact that the clearance-openings or holes are wholly within the wall or the head of the tool, so that the said wall remains unbroken and smooth and all portions of the wall of the opening. that the tool forms are operated upon by the cutting-edge of the tool.

I do not limit my invention to the precise details of construction herein shown and described, but hold that I may vary the same to any degree and extent within the knowledge of the skilled mechanic.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. The herein described rock drill, the same having at its lower end a head having external continuously curved sides approximating in cross-section an ellipse, clearanceopenings located within the head at each side of the center thereof and producing an intermediate partition having a lower cuttingedge, and a cutting-edge located at the lower end of the surrounding wall, substantially as

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