US520370A - Metallic roofing - Google Patents

Description

mo Model.) 2 Sheets8heet 1.

W. H. MULLINS. METALLIC ROOFING.

No. 520,370. Patented May 22, 1894.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets$heet 2. W. H. MULLINS. METALLIC ROOFING.

No. 520,370. Patented May 22, 1894.

WASHINGTON. n. o.

THE rmnomu. umusaamma coMPANV.

UNITE i1) TATES PATENT FFIo.

WILLIAM H. MULLINS, OF SALEM, OHIO.

METALLIC ROOFING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 520,370, dated May 22, 1894. Application filed October 30, 1893. Serial No. 489,479. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. MULLINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salem, in the county of Oolumbiana and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metallic Roofing; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to metallic roofing, and resides in certain improvements in this art which will be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims following. v

The object of this invention is to produce in sheet metal a highly ornamental covering for roofs, in imitation of terra-cotta tiling, which shall be proof against leakage, or damaging effects of the elements; and which, in short, shall be artisticin appearance, durable in its nature, easily applied,and remarkably rigid and close in its joints.

It is a well known fact that the durability of a roof does not depend upon its thickness, but rather upon quality of the material used, and its construction, and for this reason I prefer to use sheet copper of a comparatively light gage, although it will be apparent that other metals such as aluminum, tin, or iron are well adapted for use in connection with my invention.

Particularly stated the improvements consist in a sheet or sheets of metal stamped or otherwise embossed in an artistic pattern, said sheets being adapted to overlap with the least possible waste of material and provided each with a system of ridges to guard against leakage at the joints, and grooves or gutters to conduct off any leakage or moisture that may accumulate or find its way between the plates. Further than this, the individual plates are stamped in a manner to insure the greatest rigidity, and are sheared diagonally at their ends to encourage water upon the roof in flowing or blowing away from the lap joints rather than to them. These tiles are preferably formed in bold relief for the following reasons, namely: first, in order to obtain the richest effect of lights and shades thereon; secondly, to provide for expansion and contraction, in both. directions, by fullness of the material itself; thirdly, to furnish an air space between the sheathing and the metallic roof, thusadding warmth thereto; and fourthly, to constitute a series of snow guards for the prevention of an avalanche of snow in the Winter.

My invention also contemplates and includes cleats of peculiar construction for securing said plates to the roof, and it will be observed that plates constructed as shown and described may be closely nested one within another thus facilitating the packing of them for storage or transportation, and rendering them easily applied to a building.

In the accompanying drawings which form part of this specification, and in which like letters of reference indicate like parts wherever employed: Figure 1, represents a plan view of parts of four metallic plates made in accordance with my invention showing in dotted lines the manner in which they overlap and break joints. Fig. 2, is a longitudinal section taken on. the line 2-2 Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is a corresponding vertical section on the line 33 Fig. 1; Fig. 4, an enlarged longitudinal section through two securing cleats, and adjacent parts. Fig. '5, is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of roofing. Fig. 6, is a perspective view of a oleat for securing the'plates in position; Fig. 7, a similar view of a single tile detached, and Fig. 8 is a plan view on a small scale of one plate embodying a series of tiles.

Reference being had to the drawings and letters thereon, A is the sheathing or under lying boards to which my improved roofing is applied; and B, B, B", B indicate the adjacent edges of corresponding metallic sheets preferably made of copper stamped or otherwise formed to represent in bold relief overlapping upper and lower tiles a and b respectively, as shown.

Extending longitudinally across the entire top of sheets B, is a continuous offset 0, which bounds the upper edges of each tile a, and is provided with a substantially continuous groove, gutter or water-drain D, the inner wall of the latter being slightly mutilated at its lowermost points by a spout 0 serving as a drain therefrom. Both the upper and lower tiles a and b of each sheet terminatein a bottom flange, or downwardly extending lip d, which adds to the appearance and serves as astiifening rib for the individual tiles and the plates from which they are formed, the lower lip d performing also, the important function of engaging and inclosing one portion of olfset O of the next plate below, whereby the two plates are locked with relation to each other.

Immediately below the point of each tile a plates B are raised or embossed as shown at E and provided with an elongated slot 6 through which protrudes afastening cleat F said embossment serving to turn water from the slot 6 therein, and also to stiffen the plate B at this fiat and consequently weaker point. Cleats F are formed from a single strip of pliable material corrugated as at ff to form an anchor portion, and extending upward at the center in a double fold G, the latter being vertically slit as shown at 9 Fig. 6.

This being substantially the nature and construction of my invention, its mode of application is as follows: Beginning at the caves of a building and at one end, plates B are laid horizontally their diagonally cut ends-overlapping as indicated. by dotted and heavy lines in Fig. 1; the metal above offset 0 of said plates being preferably cut away for the purpose of reducing weight and economizing .cost. The first course of plates thus laid may be the subject of a special fastening to the eaves-board of a building, but all subsequent plates are firmly and sufficiently secured by the cleats F which straddle the offset 0 near its upper end as shown in Figs. 2 and 4:. A second course of plates is then laid as before, the lower series of tiles b neatly inclosing offset C of the first laid plates, care beingtaken to break joints between the ends of said plates of the first course, as far as possible, in order that the diagonal ends of the plates shall not register one with another. In this position it will be seen that the vertical fold G of cleats F will project through slot e of the embossment E; where, owing to the slit g, it maybe bent or folded in opposite directions as clearly shown in Fig. 5, thus serving the purpose of both an end and side cleat, and proving of special advantage in drawing the plates B snugly down and holding them against the possibility of rattling. In like manner all subsequent plates are applied until the last or ridge plate is reached in which latter it is desirable not to cut away that portion above the offset 0, same being left to receive an overlapping ridge-cap, or other suitable covering.

The construction and application of my improved roofing being substantiallyas set forth, it will be understood that many minor changes in form and construction may be made and substituted for those herein shown and described without departing, in the least, from the spirit of my invention; as for instance tiles may be made up separately, as illustrated by Fig. 7 and individuallyapplied to a roof in manner and form the same as if said tiles each constituted one of a series in a continuous plate.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A metallic roofing tile bounded on its upper edges by an offset provided with a groove or gutter therein, and on its lower edges by a suitable lip for inclosinga portion of the next tile below, substantially as de scribed.

2. A metallic roofing plate consisting of a series of tiles, a longitudinal offset bounding the upper edges thereof and converging waterdrains formed in said offset between the tiles,

substantially as described.

3. A metallic roofing-plate consisting of a connected series of tiles, a longitudinal offset bounding the upper edges thereof, converging water-drains between the tiles, and a spout leading from the drains, substantially as described.

4. A metallic roofing-plate consisting of a duplicate series of tiles, a longitudinal ofiset bounding the upper edge of the plate, Waterdrains formed in said offset, and a cleat or cleats secured to the roof and penetrating the plate for retaining it in position, substantially as described.

5. A metallic roofing-plate consisting of a series of tiles, a longitudinal offset bounding the upper edge of the plate, water-drains in said offset, slotted embossments formed in the plates, and suitable roof cleats passingthrough said slots and folding upon the embossments, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I subscribe my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM H. MULLINS.

Witnesses:

F. J. MULLINS, R. J. THOMSON.

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