US518849A

US518849A - Pneumatic tire

Info

Publication number: US518849A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1894-04-24
Anticipated expiration: 1911-04-24

Description

J. G. MOOMY. PNEUMATIG TIRE.

(No Model.)

No. 518,849. Patented Apr. 24, 18945 WWA/wm M UNITED STATES l PATENT OEETCE.

JosEPH e. MooMY, oF ERiE, PENNSYLVANIA.

PN EUMATIC TIRE.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 518,849, dated April 24,1894. l Application filed November 20, 1893. Serial No. 491,464. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH G. MOOMY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsyl- Vania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Tires; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to pneumatic tires,

. and consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof, as will be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows:

Figure 1 shows a transverse section of the tire in place on the rim, and a deated inner tube therein. Fig. 2 shows a like view, the inner tube being inated and of a modied construction. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the inner tube. Fig. 4 is a like view, showing a tube of the construction shown in Fig. 2.

A marks the rim of the wheel; B, the cas` ing; b, the binder aps thereon; D, the binder; and C, the inner tube as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Theinner tube is made of such length that in its normal condition, its outer periphery will just t snugly against the inner side of the outer periphery of the tire casing. It is-so constructed as to be inelastic longitudinally, but has its full expansibility transversely. Where the tube as commonly constructed is elastic both longitudinally and transversely, its longitudinal circumference increases with ination, and whatever force there is to this tendency is sustained by the binder or the outer periphery of the casing; and when kthe tube is made inexpansible both i longitudinally and transversely, as is the case where canvas is used in its construction, it is very difcult to make it of the proper size to snugly and smoothly t in the casing. By making the tube inelastic longitudinally, the tendency of the tube toincrease in longitudinal circumference as it is inflated is obviated, and the force sustained -by the tube itself, so that the binder is relieved of this strain; and as the outer circumference of the tube cannot increase with ination, the expansion of the tube with inaton must be inwardly, and the aps and inner periphery of the casing cumference, and as the tube is expanded .by

its inflation transversely against the casing, the frictional contact is -so strong as to make its movement next to impossible. With the ordinary tube, it being expansible longitudinally, when there is a tendency at any point,

caused by the tread or otherwise, to creep, the longitudinal elasticity of the tube at that point allows it to move in the direction of thetendency, and the tube as it becomes normal, will have moved its position slightly in the direction of the movement of the initial point.

To make a tube having the qualities hereinbefore described, I mix a ber (preferably raw cotton, carded or uncarded) with the rubber. This mixture is then calendered, care being taken to always run it in the samedirection. This process makes the finished material substantially inelastic lengthwise, that is, in the direction it has been passed through the calenders. The explanation of this 'effeet, is that the process of calendering undoubtedly brings the bulk of the ber to one general direction. This leaves the material in the transverse direction substantially free from the inuence of the ber, so that the rubber in this direction has nearly its natural elasticity.

In making the tube, the material is so placed that the inelastic direction is lengthwise of the tube.

In the drawings, (Figs. 1 and 2) the dots in thecross sections of the tubes marked c indicate the bers in cross section, and the dash lines in Figs. 3 and 4 indicate the general direction of the bulk of the ber. This makes a tube which is substantially inexpansible longitudinally and expansible transversely. By adding a raw ber to the material from which the tube is made, the tube is made much less penetrable, than is the casewith rubber alone or rubber with a woven fabric.

IOO

Of the bers known to me, I prefer ordinary cotton ber, on account of its Well known impenetrable quality when in its unwoven state. This quality seems to be enhanced in connection with the rubber.

In Figs. 2 and 4, an alternative construction is shown. In this construction an unbered strip, c, is placed in the inner periphery of the tube. This gives the necessary 1o transverse elasticity to the tube, While its longitudinal elasticity is inoperative, being on the inner periphery, and the circumferential strain being on the outer periphery of the tube. The bered portion is preferably calendered as heretofore described, as it insures against longitudinal elasticity. This construction will still be operative, as to the central idea of my invention, if there is sufficient ber running longitudinally to prevent 2o longitudinal elasticity.

What I claim as new isl. In a pneumatic tire, the combination with the casing thereof; of an air tube constructed substantially as shown and described z 5 and that is substantially inexpansible longitudinally throughout its transverse circumference, and is expansible transversely.

2. In a pneumatic tire, the combination with the outer casing thereof; of an air tube 3o constructed substantially as shown and described and that is substantially inexpansible longitudinally, and is eXpansible transversely throughout its transverse circumference.

3. In a pneumatic tire, the combination with the outer casing thereof; of an air tube constructed substantially as shown and described and that is substantially inexpansible longitudinally throughout its transverse circumference and is expansible transversely throughout its transverse circumfer- 4o ence.

4. In a `pneumatic tire, the combination with the casing thereof; of an air tube formed of material composed in part of an elastic Substance, such as rubber, and in part of an unwoven ber, the general direction of which is longitudinal of the tube, said tube expanding against, and being limited by, said casing.

5. In a pneumatic tire, the combination with the casing thereof; of an air tube formed 5o of material composed in part of an elastic substance, such as rubber, and in part ot' a raw ber, the general direction of which is longitudinal of the tube, said tube expanding against, and being limited by, said casing.

6. In a pneumatic tire, the combination with the casing thereof; of an air tube formed of material composed in part of an elastic substance, such as rubber, and in part of a raw cotton ber, the general direction of 6c which is longitudinal of the tube, said tube expanding against, and being limited by, said casing.

1n testimony whereof I aftix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH G. MOOMY.

Witnesses:

HENRY A. CLARK, H. C. LORD.